GOST R 54592-2011

Group M12

NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Methods for determining linear dimensions

Foot-wear. Methods for determination of linear dimensions

OKS 61.060

Date of introduction 2013-01-01

Preface

Goals and principles of standardization in Russian Federation established by Federal Law of December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ "On Technical Regulation", and the rules for the application of national standards of the Russian Federation - GOST R 1.0-2004 "Standardization in the Russian Federation. Basic provisions"

Standard information

1 DESIGNED Open joint stock company"Central Research Institute of Leather and Footwear Industry" (JSC "TsNIIKP")

2 INTRODUCED by the Department of Technical Regulation and Standardization of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

3 APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated December 6, 2011 N 716-st

4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME


Information about changes to this standard is published in the annually published information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notices and texts are also posted in information system for general use - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet

1 area of ​​use

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to footwear of all types made of leather, textile, artificial and synthetic materials, as well as combinations of them, and establishes methods for determining the linear dimensions of footwear and its parts.

This standard is intended to control technological processes and acceptance of finished shoes.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following standards:

GOST 166-89 (ISO 3599-76) Calipers. Specifications

GOST 427-75 Metal measuring rulers. Specifications

GOST 6507-90 Micrometers. Specifications

GOST 9289-78 Footwear. Acceptance rules

GOST 11358-89 Indicator thickness and wall gauges with division values ​​of 0.01 and 0.1 mm. Specifications

GOST 15470-70 Accessories for products of the leather and haberdashery, textile and haberdashery, footwear and clothing industries. Terms and Definitions

GOST 17435-72 Drawing rulers. Specifications

GOST 23251-83 Footwear. Terms and Definitions

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year , and according to the corresponding monthly information indexes published in the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), then when using this standard you should be guided by the replacing (changed) standard. If the reference standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which a reference is made to it is applied in the part that does not affect this reference.

3 Terms and definitions

This standard uses terms according to GOST 23251 and GOST 15470.

4 Equipment

4.1 To determine the linear dimensions of shoes, in addition to the thickness of shoe parts, the following is used:

- a metal ruler in accordance with GOST 427, a drawing ruler in accordance with GOST 17435 or a scale tape;

- caliper according to GOST 166.

4.2 To measure the thickness of shoe parts, use:

- thickness gauge type TR in accordance with GOST 11358 with a measurement limit of at least 0.25 mm, an indicator division value of 0.1 mm, a measuring force of 4 N, measuring platforms with diameters of 10.00 and 30.00 mm;

- micrometer type ML according to GOST 6507 with a measuring force from 3 to 7 N, spherical measuring surfaces.

4.3 It is permitted to use other instruments and devices that provide appropriate measurement accuracy.

5 Preparation for testing

Sampling - according to GOST 9289.

6 Testing

6.1 Measuring the height of shoes and their parts

6.1.1 The height of boots, boots, ankle boots and ankle boots (see Figure 1) is measured along the outer outer side of the boot along a vertical line drawn from the highest point of the boot to the sole or backing.

Figure 1 - Measuring the height, length and width of boots, boots, ankle boots and ankle boots

6.1.2 The height of the boots (see Figure 2) is measured along the inside of the top along the middle vertical line drawn from the top edge to the sole or backing.

Figure 2 - Measuring the height, length, width of boots and their parts

6.1.3 The height of low shoes and shoes (see Figure 3) is measured along the vertical line of the back seam from the top edge to the sole or backing.

Figure 3 - Measuring the height, length of low shoes, shoes, heel height and toe height

6.1.4 In shoes with a heel adjacent directly to the tightening edge of the workpiece, the height of the shoe is measured from the highest point of the shaft or top edge to the heel.

6.1.5 The height of shoes on a molded sole with a side and in shoes of sandal, stitch-adhesive, stitch-molded, stitch-dopel and stitch-press vulcanization fastening methods is measured inside the shoe along the middle vertical line of the heel part from the upper edge to the insole, including including inlay, platform, backing or sole.

6.1.6 The height of the overlay heels and circular vamps (see Figure 2) is measured along the vertical line of the back seam or the midline of the heel part of the upper blank with the parts of the bottom of the shoe, if the heel part is in direct contact with the heel, as well as to the bent part of the upper blank in the shoe sandal fastening method.

6.1.7 The height of the heel in shoes (see Figure 2), except for boots, is measured along the vertical line of the back seam from the line of connection of the heel with the sole, backing, platform or heel to the upper edge of the heel.

The height of the heel in boots is measured in three places: along the vertical line of the back seam from the sole or backing to the top horizontal line and in the wings along the vertical line of the first vertical line of the heel from the sole or backing to the top horizontal line.

6.1.8 The height of the heel (see Figure 3) in finished shoes is determined by the style of the last on which the shoes are made; it is measured along a vertical line from the center of the heel curve of the heel to the non-running surface of the heel.

6.1.9 The elevation of the toe box (see Figure 3) is determined by the last style and is measured along a vertical line from the running part of the sole in the toe box to the horizontal plane on which the shoe is installed.

6.2 Measuring the length of shoes and their parts

6.2.1 The length of the shoe (see Figures 1, 2, 3) is measured along a horizontal line between the extreme points of the toe and heel parts.

6.2.2 The length of the sole of a shoe is measured in two areas. First, measure the length of the sole under the heel or the length of the front surface of the heel (krokul). Then measure the distance between points from the middle of the front surface of the heel (krokul) to the most distant point of the sole in the toe part along the center line.

6.2.3 The length of the vamp (see Figure 2) in shoes is measured from the line of connection of the tops (tops) with the vamp to the edge of the toe at the sole along the middle center line of the shoe.

The length of the vamp in shoes with an overhead toe (see Figure 2) is measured along the midline of the shoe from the point of its intersection with the line of connection of the toe with the vamp to the point of its intersection with the line of connection of the vamp (shaft) with the ankle boots.

6.2.4 The length (depth) of the cutout for the elastic or zipper is measured along a vertical line in the middle of the elastic or zipper from the top edge to the bottom.

6.2.5 The length of the heel or heel (see Figure 4) is measured along the axial longitudinal line from the extreme point of the heel curve to the line passing through the extreme points of the front surface of the heel or heel.

Figure 4 - Measuring the length of the heel and heel

6.3 Measuring the width of parts in shoes

6.3.1 The width of the sole in certain areas is measured along a line perpendicular to the center line of the sole, between points located on the inside and outside of the sole.

6.3.2 The width of the top of the shoe (see Figure 2) is measured along the upper edge of the inner top from the outside of the shoe.

6.3.3 The width of the rear outer belt is measured in two places: at the top at the edge and at the bottom at the sole.

6.3.4 The width of the inner belt is measured in two places: at the top at the edge and at the bottom at the edge of the insole.

6.3.5 The width of the under-blocks and under the hooks is measured: in low shoes - in the upper part of the upper part, in boots - in the upper and middle parts of the upper part.

6.3.6 The width of the shroud is measured along a vertical line from the lower edge of the joint with the lining to the upper edge of the workpiece in the middle of the outer and inner tops (tops) of each half-pair of shoes.

6.3.7 The width of the elastic or zipper is measured at two points: at the top between the edges of the cutout and at the bottom between the edges of the cutout at a distance of 20 mm from the bottom.

6.3.8 The width of the valve is measured in two places: at the top at the edge of the tibia (shank) and at the bottom at the base of the valve.

6.3.9 The internal width of the shaft is measured as follows.

Preliminarily measure the outer width of the boot along a line perpendicular to the front line of the boot at the top point of the front neck and at the widest point (see Figure 1).

Then, on the measurement line from the front and rear edges of the boot, measure the thickness of the boot.

6.4 Measuring deviation from the axis of symmetry

6.4.1 The toe skew is measured along the line between the points and located on the edge of the sole (see Figure 5). Points and are the extreme points of the line connecting the toe to the vamp.

Figure 5 - Measuring toe skew

6.4.2 The symmetry of the toes in a pair of shoes is measured from the inside and outside of each half-pair from the point () located on the edge of the toe on the middle longitudinal line of the sole, to the points and ( and ), located on the line of connection of the toe with the vamp on the border with the edge of the sole (see Figure 6).

Figure 6 - Measuring the symmetry of socks

6.4.3 The skew of the ankle boots in a half pair of shoes is measured along a vertical line drawn from the middle of the upper edge of the ankle boots (outer and inner) to the sole (see Figure 7).

Figure 7 - Measuring ankle skew

6.4.4 The skew of the overlay heels (backs) in a half-pair of shoes is measured from the outer and inner sides along a vertical line drawn from the sole from points located at the edges of the front part of the heel (krokul), to the line of connection of the heel with the top (to the upper edges of the heel wings ) (see Figure 8).

Figure 8 - Measuring the skew of overhead backdrops (backdrops)

6.4.5 The symmetry of the heel wings is measured from the outer and inner sides along the line of connection between the top of the shoe and the bottom parts from the middle of the heel (back seam line) to the ends of the wings.

6.4.6 Backstrap and backseam skew is measured by the deviation of the centerline of the backstrap or backseam from the centerline of the heel of the shoe at the top edge of the centerline and at the base.

6.4.7 The skew of blocks and hooks is measured:

- from the centers of the blocks and hooks to the upper edge of the blocks and hooks of the workpiece;

- from the centers of blocks and hooks to the edge of the workpiece along the line of the block;

- between the centers of the blocks and the centers of the hooks.

6.4.8 Heel skew is measured by the deviation of the midline of the heel, perpendicular to the running surface of the heel, from the midline of the heel of the shoe (see Figure 9).

Figure 9 - Heel skew measurement

6.5 Measuring the thickness of parts

6.5.1 The thickness of the vamp is measured at the following points: in the area of ​​the internal and external beams at a distance of 10 mm from the bottom edge or at a distance of 1/3 of the height from the bottom edge for a circular and semicircular vamp.

6.5.2 The thickness of the boots is measured:

- in boots at three points in the middle: the top part at a distance of 20 mm from the top edge (edge), the bottom part at a distance of 20 mm from the bottom edge and the front part at a distance of 10 mm from the vamp line;

- in low shoes and shoes in the middle of the ankle boots: at a distance of 10 mm from the heel line (with cut-off heels) or at a distance of 1/3 of the height from the bottom edge (without cut-off heels);

- in boots with elastic bands at three points in the middle: the upper part between the back outer belt and the elastic band, between the front seam and the elastic band at a distance of 20 mm from the top edge and the bottom part under the elastic band at a distance of 20 mm from the bottom edge.

The thickness of whole ankle boots in shoes is measured at two points in the middle: the shank part at a distance of 1/3 of the height from the bottom edge and in the bundles at a distance of 10 mm from the bottom edge.

The thickness of whole ankle boots is measured at three points in the middle: the upper part at a distance of 20 mm from the upper edge, the lower part at a distance of 20 mm from the lower edge, and also in the area of ​​the beams at a distance of 10 mm from the lower edge.

6.5.3 The thickness of the boot is measured at two points: on the front line of the boot at the bottom at a distance of 10 mm above the neck and at the top in the widest part of the boot.

6.5.4 The thickness of the front is measured at three points in the middle: in the area of ​​the outer and inner beams at a distance of 10 mm from the bottom edge and toe part, and in boots the thickness of the front is additionally measured in the middle of the wings.

6.5.5 The thickness of the back is measured in the middle at a distance of 1/3 of the height from the bottom edge.

6.5.6 The thickness of the adjusting toe is measured at two points: at a distance of 10 mm from the middle longitudinal line of the toe on both sides.

6.5.7 The thickness of the rear outer and inner straps and sole is measured in the middle of the upper and lower parts along the middle longitudinal line.

6.5.8 The thickness of the front outer belt is measured in the middle of the bottom along the longitudinal center line.

6.5.9 The thickness of the back pocket is measured in the middle at a distance of 1/3 of the height from the bottom edge.

6.5.10 The thickness of the extension to the boot is measured at a point located in the middle of the front line of the boot.

6.5.11 The thickness of the platform covering is measured at three points in the middle:

tight fitting in the toe section and in the area of ​​the inner and outer beams.

6.5.12 The thickness of the valve in military and special footwear is measured at two points in the middle: at a distance of 20 mm from the top and bottom edges.

6.5.13 The thickness of the leather hem is measured at two points along the front line: at the bottom at a distance of 10 mm above the bottom seam, at the top - in the same place as the boot.

6.5.14 The thickness of the leather fastener, cross-lifting belt, sub-block, trim, tongue, zipper flap and other similar parts is measured in the middle of the parts.

6.5.15 The thickness of the sole, insole, platform is measured at three points in the middle of the longitudinal line in the fascicle, heel and heel parts.

The thickness of molded and profiled soles is measured in the middle of the tuft part between the inner and outer tufts along the longitudinal centerline of the sole along the most protruding part of the running surface of the sole when it is deeply grooved.

6.5.16 The thickness of the welt and edging is measured on the unraveled part at three points: at the toe and in the buns.

6.5.17 The thickness of the toe and fender is measured in the middle on the undeflated part.

6.5.18 The thickness of the heel is measured at three points: at a distance of 1/3 of the height from the edge along the midline of the heel and in the wings for molded heels and at a distance of 1/2 of the height from the bottom edge of the heel along the midline of the heel and in the wings for unmolded backdrops

6.5.19 The thickness of the attachment, liner, shank, heel, rubber pad, heel pad is measured in the middle of the parts.

6.5.20 The thickness of the lining parts is measured similarly to the corresponding upper parts.

7 Processing of results

7.1 The measurement results for each half-pair or part of shoes are taken as the measurement result.

7.2 Measurements of length, width, height and deviation from the axis of symmetry of parts and finished shoes are carried out with an accuracy of up to 1.0 mm, and thickness - up to 0.1 mm.

7.3 The internal width of the boot for each measurement is determined by the difference in the measurements of the outer width and the sum of the thicknesses of the boot of the front and rear edges.

7.4 Toe skew is determined by half the distance (see Figure 5).

7.5 The symmetry of socks is determined by the difference in measurements of the inner and outer sides of the sock () (see Figure 6).

7.6 The skew of the ankle boots is determined by the difference in the heights of the inner and outer sides of the ankle boots in a half-pair (see Figure 7).

7.7 The skew of the backs (backs) is determined by the difference in measurements of the inner and outer sides (see Figure 8).

7.8 The symmetry of the back wings in a semi-pair is determined by the difference in the length of the wings on the outer and inner sides, and in a pair - by the difference in the length of the same sides of the wings in semi-pairs.

7.9 The deviation from the axis of symmetry of the rear outer belt and the rear seam is determined by the maximum value (see Figure 9).

Electronic document text

prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
M.: Standartinform, 2012

There is a formula to calculate the correct heel height. It takes into account the height and length of the legs. This formula was derived by scientists and orthopedic doctors through research.

Let's take P for height, D for leg length (in centimeters), 1.61 is the coefficient of proportions. The most comfortable female heel height is (R/D – 1.61) x 10.

Example: height (1.75/90-1.61)x10=3.34 cm. This is the ideal heel height for a girl with a height of 1.75 and a leg length of 90 cm.

How to accurately measure your leg length

The length of the legs is measured only while standing on a hard horizontal surface. This is the distance from the protruding part of the thigh to the floor. In order not to bend over and not disturb the harmony of dimensions, ask a friend or one of your family members to help you. A 1-2 cm error in measurements will cost you the wrong heel height and subsequent problems.

Approximate proportions of leg length in relation to height:

Why is heel height so important?

The great and mighty Christian Louboutin developed, in his opinion, the ideal length for stiletto heels - the fashionable “Louboutins”. It is 11 centimeters. But if a girl constantly walks in such heels, flat feet, varicose veins and swelling are guaranteed.

Of course, you can indulge in a festive appearance in breathtaking stilettos. But no longer than 4 hours. IN ordinary life, to the office, to the store, to a meeting with a child, it is recommended to wear heels of 2-4 cm. This is the most comfortable length for any height and proportions.

Are flat soles beneficial?

Or maybe it’s better not to wear shoes and cute high-heeled sandals at all? Platform and flat shoes conquer the catwalks day after day. What heel height is appropriate in this case? Studies have shown that a heel lower than 2 cm in everyday wear “rewards” the owner with flat feet and pain in the calf joints. Therefore, shoes with low, stable heels are must have any woman.

According to recent research American orthopedists, the most comfortable heel height for any height,–2.5 cm. You can calculate your heel height in another way: divide the length of your foot by 7. This will help you avoid fatigue when walking, move more and be physically active.

How to measure heel height?

Place your shoes on a flat surface. For example, on a table top. Do not take measurements by weight, in the palm of your hand, as there is a high risk of error. Place a ruler on the heel and heel of the shoe, where the heel begins. This way you can check what occasions your shoes are suitable for. And maybe reconsider your attitude towards the health of your charming legs.

• Don't buy shoes right away: wear them on the sales floor for 15 minutes. As a customer, you have the right to this. Enjoy the ease of lifting.
• The heel located in the center of the heel provides ideal stability.
• Futuristic heels can be amazingly beautiful, but your feet will get tired quickly in them.
• For large feet, it is better not to buy shoes with straps. They can put pressure on the ankle if the leg swells slightly in the heat.
• Although beauty requires sacrifices, keep them to a minimum. The main thing in choosing a heel is your comfort.

How to measure heel height?

Heels for girls occupy a special place in the lives of girls. This is a source of pride, an instrument with which every girl feels like a queen, to whom a huge number of glances, full of admiration and beauty, are riveted. High-heeled shoes have become a favorite product, so when purchasing, or vice versa, selling shoes, every girl needs to know how to correctly measure the heel. In this article we will talk about this.

According to the rules, the height of the heel is measured from the plane of support of the heel to the top point at which the heel curve begins. For this purpose, it is best to use a tailor's meter, as it will give accurate measurements. Rulers, as a rule, are made of hard materials - plastic, wood, metal, so they are less suitable for measuring heels.

To take the correct measurement, you need to apply the meter to the top point of the heel and stretch it to the base of the heel. The resulting value will be the natural height of the heels you want to buy, sell or wear. Take all measurements on some surface, for example, on a table. Do not do this under a canopy, as this will cause inaccurate results.

If you don’t have a flexible meter at hand, and you only have a ruler in your arsenal, remember that the data will in any case be inaccurate. The ruler will not bend to the shape or slope of the heel, and as a result this will result in an error of 1-2 cm. Therefore, when listing shoes for sale, indicate +/- 1 cm in the heel measurement section.

But even if you don't have a flexible meter, try not to use the ruler directly. The way out of this situation is to take an ordinary thread, attach it to the heel and take all the necessary measurements. Then, transfer the length of the measured heel with a thread to a ruler and find out a really accurate measurement.

This is how easy it is to measure your heel height. Ultimately, remember that no matter what it is, heels put enormous stress on the spine and cause the appearance and development of varicose veins in women. It’s not for nothing that the safe mark for heel height is considered to be 5 cm, and everything higher, to one degree or another, affects bad influence on the body and health.

Also, when buying high-heeled shoes, pay attention to the quality of the shoes. The higher and thinner the heel, the stronger its connection to the shoe should be. If the shoes are of poor quality, after just one or two walks, heels may be finished.

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Sometimes, due to certain contraindications, doctors prohibit women from wearing high-heeled shoes. The maximum permissible height that does not put stress on the legs and back: 3-4 centimeters. This prohibition should not cause any difficulties in finding shoes, since the rise can be measured visually. However, how to do this competently in order to be confident in the choice made?

How is lift height determined?

The height of children's and men's shoes is the easiest to determine. In it, the heel is most often rectangular, with clearly defined boundaries, so to find out the exact numbers it is enough to apply a ruler to it. The heels of women's shoes and boots are much more difficult to measure. Fashionable boots on huge platforms elevate a woman above the surface of the earth, seemingly indefinitely.

Heels above nine centimeters are considered high, below six - low. Everything that is in the middle of these boundaries belongs to the category of average.

Measurement Rules

Traditionally, the height is determined from the upper part of the heel curve to the horizontal plane of the heel. However, in this situation, the numbers will only be approximately accurate when measuring a medium or low heel. Very “high” shoes can be measured by determining the distance from the middle of the heel to the support plane. In this case, the ruler must be applied to the side of the rise, and not from behind.

Shoemakers measure heels using a specific method. The shoe last is placed on a flat and smooth surface. The index finger is slipped under the toe of the latter (only the first phalanx). First, the distance from the reference horizontal plane to the rear rounding is measured with a square. And then the part that is above.

As a rule, the higher the heel, the more beveled its surface (upper part), which is certainly reflected in the measurement result.

Those who do not take into account the thickness of the sole when measuring the heel are mistaken. Thus, modern designers produce pairs in which the sole reaches two to three centimeters. If you do not pay attention to this, the measurement result will be incorrect, for example, eleven to twelve centimeters. If you subtract the thickness of the sole from the height of the heel, you get the exact value (eight to nine centimeters).

When buying shoes, a woman should study the structure of the last. It is possible that a suitable shape will relieve the foot, even if the shoes are on a very high instep. If the bend and height of the shoe element are chosen incorrectly, then even a three-centimeter rise can provoke unbearable pain in the legs.

High heels

What it is impossible to imagine any woman's wardrobe without is certainly high-heeled shoes. Since childhood, even the smallest girls always pull her favorite stiletto sandals out of their mother’s closet and parade around the mirror in them. What can you do, small ones - but still women.

Are shoes with heels dangerous?

At a conscious age, this craving for heels only intensifies. Why not, because high heels are the most easy way make your figure more elongated and your legs longer and slimmer. Every girl feels like a queen when her favorite pair of stilettos is on her feet, and it’s so damn nice to feel the admiring glances of men passing by.

But while high heels are very beautiful, many ladies also know that they are dangerous to health. However, you should therefore not immediately throw out all the shoes with indecently high heels from the closet. Perhaps it is not as dangerous as it might seem at first glance. What do you know about heel measurements? What should it be like so as not to injure the legs? Let's deal with this issue first.

To accurately answer the question of how to measure heel height. You need to stock up on measuring tools. But remember that not all heels can be measured with a ruler, so also take a tailor's tape measure.

So, usually the height of the heels is determined by measuring the distance from the supporting plane of the surface of your heel to the heel curve, or rather its top point. The most suitable way to measure your heel is the aforementioned tailor's centimeter. Unlike a ruler, a centimeter is not made of wood or plastic, and therefore it easily takes the shape of a heel. To measure the heel, place the tape measure firmly at the top of the heel of the shoe and then extend it to the level of the base of the heel. As a result, you will get the actual heel height at which, in fact, you walk. Such measurements should not be taken by weight, as this will definitely give you an inaccurate reading.

As mentioned earlier, to measure high heels, you should not use an ordinary ruler as a measuring tool. Of course, there is nothing fatal in this, but there is no need to talk about the accuracy of the obtained measurement result. Unfortunately, the material of the ruler does not allow it to bend in the same way as the shape and slope of your heel, and this is what subsequently leads to errors. If you still have to measure your heel a quick fix, make allowances for the fact that in the end there may be an inaccuracy of 1-2 cm.

If you are in a store and neither you nor the sellers have a tailor’s centimeter, this does not mean that you will be able to measure the heel of the shoes you like. The most basic way out of this situation is to use a thread to measure the heel. We believe you can find a skein of thread even in a shoe store. So, you need to take a piece of thread, attach one end of it to the heel, and then stretch it with tension to the base of the heel. After measuring, hold the thread in the places you marked and do not let go. The main thing in this case is to carefully ensure that you do not lose the measured distance with your fingers, as this can lead to inaccuracies and you will have to repeat the measurement again. The resulting segment can now be attached to a ruler (now it will finally come in handy) and measure the resulting heel height. This result will be exactly the same as what you would get using a tailor's tape measure.

Now you know how to measure your heel and can navigate when choosing shoes.