The blessed Tsarevich Dmitry is part of the ensemble of the Golitsyn Hospital. It was once one of the main attractions of the capital. The entire ensemble, including several hospital buildings and buildings, was built by architects M. F. Kazakov and V. I. Bazhenov in 1801; The famous Russian painter I.K. Scotti worked on the painting.

The initiator of the construction was Prince D. M. Golitsyn, who bequeathed funds for the construction of “an institution pleasing to God and useful to people.” After the death of D. M. Golitsyn in 1793, construction began, it was led by the prince’s cousin, Privy Councilor A. M. Golitsyn. Thus, in 1802, a third free city hospital appeared in Moscow, to which people from all walks of life, except serfs, could turn for help.

Dimitri, Tsarevich, at the Golitsyn hospital is located inside one of the buildings of the medical institution and is a rotunda temple. The structure is cube-shaped in shape, with a six-column Doric portico. A huge hemispherical dome rises on a massive spherical drum, which is crowned by a neat, blind drum with a small head. From the facade and on the sides of the building there are round bell towers. Inside there is a circular colonnade with Ionic order made of artificial marble. The high arches in the walls are framed by two-column inserts of the Corinthian order. The walls of the niches are made using the grisaille technique, which imitates sculptural relief. The dome, whose diameter is 17.5 meters, consists of two parts: the lower, coffered (with recesses), and the upper, decorated with paintings.

Dimitri, Tsarevich, at the Golitsyn hospital

The temple was consecrated (in 1801) in honor of the Great Martyr. Demetrius, since the late Prince Golitsyn bore the same name. The ceremony was attended by the newly-crowned Emperor Alexander I (just a week ago his coronation took place, when he replaced his father on the throne). Alexander Golitsyn took advantage of this happy opportunity and tried to draw the emperor’s attention to his brainchild, and also asked for permission to transport his brother’s ashes from Vienna (Dmitry Mikhailovich was ambassador in Vienna) to Moscow. And, I must say, it was very difficult, at least from a legal point of view.

Subsequently Temple of Demetrius, Tsarevich, at the Golitsyn hospital became a tomb for both brothers - Dmitry and Alexander.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the manager of the hospital was H. I. Tsinger (grandfather of the famous mathematician and philosopher V. Ya. Tsinger), he became famous for his courage during the war with Napoleon: remaining in occupied Moscow, H. I. Tsinger did not allow the French soldiers plunder and destroy the hospital temple. Subsequently, he received the title of hereditary nobleman.

And in 1918, the monastery was closed, the crypt was plundered, and the ashes of the Golitsyns were reburied in the courtyard (it is still not known where exactly). was used as a hospital office space and a canteen.

Restoration work began in 1970, and in November 1990 the temple was consecrated again. In 1991, the St. Demetrius Sisterhood was formed, and a year later, Patriarch Alexy II consecrated the St. Demetrius Medical School of Sisters of Mercy at the church.

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The first city hospital and temple date back to 1802; they were built according to the will of the Russian ambassador in Vienna, Prince Dimitry Mikhailovich Golitsyn, by his brother Alexander Mikhailovich.
Later, in due time, the temple became the tomb of D.M. Golitsyn. The tombstone was made by sculptor F.M. Gordeev, 1799, and the bust - F. Zauner), and then - A.M. Golitsyn. The temple was renovated in 1836 with the direct participation of D.I. Gilardi, and in 1901.
The Golitsyn hospital for the poor was built according to the design of the architect V. Bazhenov, and was built by the architect M. Kazakov. The temple was painted by Scotty. When creating the project, the principle of an urban estate was used. The decoration, iconostasis, and paintings remained undamaged in 1812.
Inside the building of the hospital for the poor there is a rotunda temple, the dome of which inspired the entire structure. Cuboid in shape with a six-column Doric portico. It is completed with a huge hemispherical dome on a spherical drum. Two round bell towers are located on the line of the main facade. Inside there is a circular Ionic colonnade made of artificial marble (a combination of warm pink tones with cold gray-green). The walls are cut through by arches the height of the columns, framed by two-column inserts of the small Corinthian order. The walls of the niches are decorated with two-color (light and dark) grisaille painting, creating an imitation of sculptural relief. The dome (diameter - 17.5 m) is made of two parts: the lower, coffered, and the upper, decorated with paintings.

Later, next to the Golitsyn hospital, the First City Hospital was founded, and several decades later the time came for the Second City Hospital. Nowadays, all three hospitals represent a single organism - City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after. N.I. Pirogov.
First Gradskaya became the first and, at that time, the only medical institution built with city funds, since the rest of Moscow hospitals and clinics were supported by donations from the imperial court or private individuals. In the literal sense, the “city” hospital has also become truly national. As its charter stated, “all poor and disadvantaged people of both sexes will be accepted and treated without money, except for those who have income.”
During the Great Patriotic War, the hospital was one of the city bases for Muscovites affected by air raids. A hospital for the wounded was located on its territory.
The hospital has very strong scientific schools, in which academicians Lopatkin and Preobrazhensky once worked.

The temple was consecrated on September 22, 1801. In 1918, the temple was closed; its premises, transferred to the hospital, were used as a canteen. The tomb of D. M. Golitsyn was broken and looted. The Golitsyns' ashes were removed from the crypt and reburied in the courtyard (location unknown). The tombstone was moved to the museum in the St. Michael's Church of the Donskoy Monastery.
It was restored in the 1970-1980s by architects I. Ruben, G. Solodka, the painting was restored under the leadership of L. Soboleva.
Reconsecrated by Patriarch Alexy II on November 22, 1990.
At the church in September 1992, His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II consecrated the St. Demetrius Medical School of Sisters of Mercy. The house church of the Venerable Martyr Grand Duchess Elizabeth in the 23rd building of the 1st City Hospital was transferred to the Sisterhood in the name of the Holy Right-Believing Tsarevich Demetrius. At the church there is a Sunday school, a library, and a parish magazine and sick leave sheet are published. Attached to the temple is the home church of the holy martyrs Faith, Nadezhda, Lyubov and their mother Sophia at orphanage No. 27.

Temple of the Righteous Tsarevich Dimitri erected in 1802 simultaneously with the Golitsyn (1st City) hospital, in the center of one of the buildings, in which the shrine was located.

• Famous architects took part in the creation of the cultural monument: M. Kazakov and V. Bazhenov. The project was approved by Catherine II herself.
• It is known that both the hospital and the temple were built at the request of Dimitri Golitsyn, the prince and ambassador to Vienna. Later, the temple will become the last refuge for Golitsyn himself.

History of the temple

The church was consecrated in honor of St. Demetrius, because this was the name of its founder. The consecration was attended by Alexander I, who arrived at the event just a week after his coronation.

The temple of Tsarevich Dimitri was renovated several times: in 1836 and 1901.

The hospital that housed the temple was originally intended for the poor. True, the architecture of the hospital buildings, and the church itself, was executed at the highest level and aroused sincere admiration.

The temple of the blessed Tsarevich Dmitry was located inside the building, and its dome towered over the entire structure.

The colonnade of the shrine was created from artificial marble: pink color was combined with grayish green. The openings in the walls are made in the form of huge arches surrounded by columns. The upper part of the dome was decorated with paintings.

Later, not far from the hospital, another hospital was founded, calling it First Gradskaya.

About 20 years will pass and the Second Gradskaya will appear nearby. Today, all 3 hospitals are a single whole, a medical institution named after the great N. Pirogov.

The first Gradskaya was considered a truly people's hospital.

Unlike many others, it was built with city funds. According to the regulations of this hospital, low-income and poor people were admitted here. They were treated for free. Those who lived in abundance were not allowed to enter the building.

The fate of the temple of Tsarevich Dmitry differed from the fate of the Golitsyn hospital, where it is located.

In 1918 it was closed, and the building was used for the economic needs of the hospital complex.

During these troubled times, Golitsyn’s tomb was broken and plundered. The ashes of other Golitsyns, kept in the crypt of the temple, were seized and reburied. The location of the graves has not been established to date. Only the tombstone has survived, which can be seen in St. Michael’s Church.

Since 1970, restoration of the church began. In November 1990 it was consecrated.

Today, at the hospital church of Tsarevich Dmitry, there is a library, a Sunday school, and a sick leave notice and a parish magazine are published. There is also a school of sisters of mercy and the Dimitrievskaya school, where mainly children from orphanages study.

Temple of the Righteous Tsarevich Dimitri at the First City - address: Moscow, Leninsky Prospekt, 8, bldg. 5 (Oktyabrskaya metro station).

The temple at the First City Hospital of Moscow has existed for more than two centuries. It was built at the end of the 18th century, and on September 22, 1801, it was consecrated in honor of Tsarevich Dimitri. During Soviet rule, the temple was closed. In 1990, the temple of Tsarevich Demetrius was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. Thanks to charitable donations, a major overhaul of the building and adjacent premises was carried out. In the summer of the same year, the first volunteer nurses came to help in the hospital departments. Currently, the church hosts Sunday and evening services for the health of patients and hospital workers. The temple at the First City Hospital has become a kind of spiritual center, where believers who are related to medicine come: doctors, nurses and ordinary volunteers who want to provide all possible assistance to the suffering. Orthodox clergy visit the hospital almost every day. They perform the rites of communion and confession, hold conversations with seriously ill people and find words of consolation for their relatives. After the resumption of services in the hospital church, more than 40 thousand patients took the rite of communion here, many of them did this for the first time in their lives.

Let's continue the story about the Church of Tsarevich Dimitri “on the Blood”. Today we will go inside. Please note that the frescoes on the walls are very unusual for the painting of Orthodox churches.

In the temple there are things with the help of which the body of Tsarevich Dimitri was transported to Moscow: a stretcher, a shrine, a mica lantern. There is also a bell here that called the people of Uglich to riot on the day of the death of the prince. The bell was then thrown from the bell tower, his ear was cut off, his tongue was torn out, he was beaten with whips and sent into exile in the distant city of Tobolsk. It has been there for several hundred years. I showed the bell in the previous post.

Historians are still arguing about what actually caused the death of Tsarevich Dmitry. If he was killed, then you can try to answer the basic question of any murder: “Who benefited from this?”

It would seem that the murder was beneficial to Boris Godunov - he was the Tsar's brother-in-law, the brother of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich's wife, and, therefore, the closest contender to the throne after the Tsarevich.

But it's not that simple. There is a reliable fact that at the time of Dmitry’s death, Fyodor’s wife, Tsarina Irina, was expecting a child. She gave birth to a girl who died in infancy, but then no one could know this. Boris Godunov had to assume that a legitimate heir was about to be born, and why did he need to kill the illegal one?

Godunov was a very smart man, and he could not help but understand that all suspicions of murder would fall on him. Therefore, he composed the investigative commission in such a way that its members did not trust each other, that is, they could not agree. And the head of the commission, Vasily Shuisky, was simply an open enemy of Boris Godunov. It turns out that Godunov demonstrated that he was not involved in any way in the death of the prince and was not afraid of an independent investigation.

In addition, Maria Nagaya was the seventh (or even eighth) wife of Ivan the Terrible. This marriage, like several previous ones, was not blessed by the Orthodox Church, and it was considered illegal, and the child was illegitimate and did not pose a threat to Godunov’s dynastic aspirations.

Of course, the death of Tsarevich Dmitry became a card in the political games of Russia. After the Time of Troubles, having already become a ruler, Vasily Shuisky, trying to fight off a whole bunch of False Dmitrievs, transferred the remains of the prince to Moscow, to the Archangel Cathedral of the Kremlin, and ordered the child to be canonized as a saint.

It turned out quite ridiculously, with this Shuisky seemed to admit that he himself falsified the results of the work of his investigative commission. After all, only children who were innocently killed were canonized, and those who died as a result of an accident could not be counted among the saints. It was stupid.

Although it is impossible to completely remove suspicions from Boris Godunov, it is possible to expand the circle of possible culprits of the Uglich murder. And it is not difficult to find a person who could benefit from the death of the prince no less than Godunov. His name looms everywhere where the murdered prince is mentioned. This man is Vasily Ivanovich Shuisky.

In fact, if we assume that the remaining unknown killers were people of Vasily Shuisky, a truly ingenious plan for seizing the Russian throne is revealed to us. Shuisky killed two birds with one stone. On the one hand, he got rid of one of the contenders for the throne, on the other, he forever compromised the second in the eyes of the people.

Having headed the investigative commission, Shuisky does everything to ensure that Dmitry is declared dead from an accident. He knew: nothing would save Godunov, fairly tainted by previous crimes, from the harsh popular rumor. To carry out his plan, he did not even need to somehow influence the other members of the commission: being Godunov’s people, they went out of their way to prove the version of the accident.

Even if Shuisky had been caught in the dishonest conduct of the investigation, he would have remained clean in the eyes of Godunov: after all, he did everything to divert suspicion from the ruler. No one could suspect Vasily Ivanovich of involvement in the death of the prince: in 1591 no one considered Shuisky as a contender for the throne. Boris Godunov did not suspect him either.

However, the atrocities of foreigners in Moscow, the marriage of False Dmitry to a Polish woman and disdain for the rituals of the Russian Orthodox Church quickly exhausted the people's patience; the impostor was overthrown as a result of an uprising, led, naturally, by Vasily Shuisky!

Having taken the Russian throne, Shuisky could not hold on to it. His short reign was spent in continuous military operations against more and more impostors, uprisings and foreign invaders. By the summer of 1610, defeated on the battlefields, betrayed by his comrades, Tsar Vasily Ivanovich was left alone. On July 17, he was dethroned and tonsured a monk, and a week later Polish troops were at the walls of Moscow. The Great Troubles began.