A fairy tale about how kittens learned to solve puzzles

Rules for solving puzzles for children and adults with presentation

Tatyana Aleksandrovna Tolstikova, teacher of the Nenets Sanatorium Boarding School, Naryan-Mar
Description: I bring to your attention a fairy tale, by reading which the children will learn the rules of solving puzzles. The material may be interesting and useful to everyone who wants to comprehend this simple and very fascinating science.
Target: Introducing the rules for solving puzzles
Tasks: Develop logical thinking, intelligence,
Develop fantasy, imagination,
Cultivate a love for pets.

Once upon a time there lived a girl Masha who loved to read books and solve puzzles. And even more, she loved to play with little kittens, take care of them and teach them the rules of cultural behavior.

And how the kittens loved her! At every free moment they ran to their girlfriend. Mashenka immediately put aside her business and frolicked with the restless guests.
Once, during one such game, the smartest kitten, Murzik, dropped Mashin’s book, and the kittens saw on the page that opened some pictures with squiggles, letters and numbers. The kittens began to run around the book and look into it with caution. And Mashenka laughed and began to calm them down:
- Don't be afraid, these are just puzzles. Would you like me to teach you how to guess them?
“Here’s another thing,” said Chernysh, “I’d better go and eat some fish.”
With these words, he took the fish that Mashenka had prepared for her pets and ate it in one minute.
- Well, you have an appetite, just like commas in puzzles. As soon as such a comma appears near a picture, the letters immediately disappear in the word that the picture represents. There are as many commas as there are letters. Look at this.
And Masha drew several pictures for Chernysh so that everything would be clear to him.

-You see, there is a comma after the image of the table. This means that the letter “l” must be removed from the word “table”. What word will it be?
“It seems like a hundred,” Chernysh said cautiously.

-Well done!
-Oh, oh, I'm afraid! - Chernysh suddenly shouted, seeing a thunderstorm in the picture.

- Don’t be afraid, weirdo, you see the comma ahead. What will happen now?
-Rose? Cool! Can a thunderstorm really turn into a rose? - Chernysh jumped for joy.
-Surely!

- What if you need to remove several letters? – the kitten asked, narrowing his eyes slyly.
- To do this, you just need to put a few commas. Look,” and Mashenka showed Chernysh a new picture.

“I know, I know,” Chernysh jumped for joy, “hedgehogs will appear now!”
“Let’s check,” Mashenka said with a smile. And two funny hedgehogs appeared in the picture.

-Hooray!!! - Chernysh shouted, - I learned to solve puzzles!
He jumped with joy and turned over his head. And Murzik jumped after him. And at that very moment he found himself in the air upside down.
- Take your time! - Masha shouted, - look what can happen in puzzles with cats who behave like this. If the object in the rebus is turned upside down, its name is read from right to left.

-It's not fair! – someone’s ringing voice rang out, “why are the puzzles only about them?” I also want a puzzle to be written about me.
Barsik was peeking out of Grandma's favorite cup.
“Okay, okay,” Masha reassured him, “where are you now?”
“In a cup,” answered Barsik, and waved his paw to Masha.
- Here you are in a cup, and the letters can be in another letter. Look. The letter "LK" is located in the letter "O".

- Exactly, just like me! – the kitten was happy.
-What word did you get?

- Wolf? Why do we need a wolf? - Barsik was scared.
“Just so that you can learn to solve puzzles,” Masha reassured him, “you just need to remember that prepositions can also appear in the middle of a word, here you need to choose the right option.” For example, here the preposition is in the middle of the word.

- In these puzzles we used the preposition B. And you can also use other prepositions. For example, for example,” the girl began to look around, “Look at Vaska.” A butterfly landed on his tail. Letters can also sit on top of each other.

-Or they may be under a different letter, like Vaska the cat under a hat from Nikolai Nosov’s story.

“And also,” said Mashenka, “you can use the prepositions for, before, to, from, by, with, from.” You just need to not be lazy and look for the right option.

“That’s it, I’m completely confused in your puzzles,” Ryzhik sighed doomedly.
“You got tangled up in grandma’s threads,” Mashenka scolded him, “by the way, letters can also get tangled up and change places in a word using ordinal numbers.” Imagine that you came to visit me in a carriage. Try to find out how you will get away from me.

- On a rocket! “On a rocket,” the kittens shouted in unison.

-But do you want to make friends with such an animal? – Mashenka asked, showing a mole in the picture.
“Fi,” the kittens hissed, arching their backs.
- Then use another rebus rule rather, and cross out the letter from the middle of the word.

- Do you want me to treat you for your efforts? – the girl asked the kittens.
“We want, we want!” the kittens purred and began to rub against Machine’s legs.
- Get it! – Masha showed the squirrel to the kittens with a smile.
“Oh-oh,” the disappointed kittens sighed, “we don’t eat squirrels.” And they turned away from Masha offended.
“Well then, guess for yourself, with the help of which puzzle rule you can turn a squirrel into a delicious bun,” said Masha and went to the kitchen. And when she returned, in the picture and on Masha’s plate, instead of a squirrel, there were delicious buns.

- Well done, you guessed it! – Mashenka praised her smart students. She treated them delicious buns. The kittens ate their fill and immediately fell asleep, and they dreamed of puzzles that they would always solve now together with their little teacher.

In order for logic and the brain to work actively, training is necessary. An excellent training option would be to solve crosswords and puzzles. Puzzles are the easiest and most colorful option available even for children. But in order to solve it, you need to follow some rules.

How to solve puzzles - how to read from pictures

You need to read the pictures in the puzzles from left to right. In rare cases, the rebus is encrypted from top to bottom. Read the picture in singular, use the nominative case, name objects from left to right in the sequence in which they are located. Name an inverted object the other way around, reading the name from right to left.

How to solve puzzles - revealing the secret of commas in a puzzle

Commas are used to remove a letter from a word. The number of letters to be excluded is equal to the number of commas. Look where the comma is. If it is to the right of the picture, do not pronounce the last letter; if it is to the left, discard the first one.

How to solve puzzles - ciphers with letters

In letter puzzles, prepositions are usually used to indicate location. They are not shown in letters in the picture; you should identify them based on the location of the letters in the puzzle. Look at the rebus carefully. If you see that two letters fit inside one big one, then you will read the rebus with the preposition “in”. If one image hangs above or below another, read “above” or “below” accordingly.

A rebus in which a letter is hidden behind another will be pronounced with the preposition “for”. You may also notice puzzles in which one letter leans against another. Read the rebus with the addition of “k” or “y”. How to read a rebus where one letter consists of many others? With the addition of the preposition "from". Also, if one huge letter is written with another, such a rebus is read by adding “by”. “Po” ​​is also used to read puzzles, where one number runs through another.

If in the picture near an object you notice a crossed out letter, then you should exclude this letter from the name of the object. If you notice another letter above the crossed out letter or an equal sign is placed between them, then you should replace the other one with this letter.

How to solve puzzles - puzzles and numbers

The numbers above the picture in a certain sequence indicate to you in what order to pronounce the name of the item. If a number is crossed out, do not pronounce the letter located in the count corresponding to the number in this word.

How to solve puzzles - understanding the notes

Syllables that correspond to notes are represented in the rebus by these notes. It happens that they simply use the word “note”.

Knowing the rules for deciphering puzzles and applying them in practice, you can start interesting quests in the company. To quickly solve it, you need not only knowledge of the rules, but also a lot of practice. Puzzles are something that will help your brain work more actively and help you have fun in the company.

Good afternoon, our curious readers! Puzzles for 1st grade in pictures are very useful to solve not only for children, but also for adults. They help pass the time with an exciting activity, and also develop imagination, ingenuity and logic.

Do you want your student to give his brain a good workout? Practice yourself first. We have selected for you 15 types of entertaining puzzles that will use the student's knowledge in writing, mathematics and other subjects. All puzzles come with answers.

Why are puzzles needed?

Teachers sometimes offer to solve puzzles in class and sometimes assign them to the children at home. In modern textbooks for the first grade, for example, in Goretsky's alphabet, you will find many similar tasks. These unusual puzzles allow you to:

• increase the student’s interest in perceiving new information;
• develop flexibility of thinking;
• look for non-standard solutions;
• open the mind;
• relieve unnecessary stress during the study process;
• add variety to your classes.

You can print interesting encryptions for every taste from the Internet. You can also sit your child down at the computer so he can solve puzzles online.

Basic rules for composing puzzles

Has it ever happened to you that your son or daughter asks you to help solve a puzzle, you eagerly take on it - and cannot solve it? We know why this happens. You should learn the basic rules for composing such tasks.

Upside down picture

If the picture shows an upside-down object, then its name should be inserted backwards into the answer.

For example, the solution to this puzzle looks like this: “KA” + inverted “CAT” = “KA” + “TOK”.

Answer: "Rink".

Using commas

This is one of the most common techniques. The comma in the figure means that a letter needs to be removed from the word. The number of commas always equals the number of characters to be removed.

In this case, commas to the left of the image mean that you need to remove the first letters, and commas to the right of the picture call for discarding the last ones.

Answer: "Boar".

The letter next to the picture

The letter next to the picture will definitely become part of the answer. If it stands before the image, then its place is at the beginning of the word, if after it, then at the end. Such tasks are simple, so it is best to start introducing a first-grader to puzzles with them.

Answer: "Screen".

Strikethrough letter or equal sign

Often a crossed out letter is written next to the picture, and another is indicated next to it. This means that the crossed out letter in the word denoting the depicted object must be replaced with another. Follow the same principle if you see a mathematical equal sign between letters.

Answer: "Cow."

Numbers below the picture

If you see numbers under or above the image, then write the name of the picture and rearrange the letters in the specified order.

Answer: "Strongman."

There are also more complex versions of such puzzles. If there are fewer numbers written under the image than there are letters in the given word, then from the name we take only those characters whose numbers are indicated in the picture.

Horizontal line

The horizontal line that divides the riddle into upper and lower parts indicates that in the middle of the word there will be a preposition “above”, “under” or “on”.

Answer: "Ditch".

Letters inside the image

A letter or object inside a symbol or geometric figure, mean that the answer will contain the preposition “in”.

Answers: “Crow”, “Harm”.

Drawing after drawing

If the images seem to be hiding one behind the other, then it’s time to use the word “for.”

Answer: Kazan.

A letter consisting of small letters

When small characters are made up of one big one, feel free to use the preposition “from”.

Answer: "Below."

Notes

The image of the notes in the puzzle serves as a reason for using their names in the solution. Children who don't know the notes are usually given a hint.

Answer: “Share”, “Beans”.

Symbols holding hands

If the letters are holding hands, then to guess the answer we use the preposition “and” or “s”.

Answer: "Wasp".

Running symbols

When cheerful letters run away from each other or joyfully run towards each other, we use the preposition “to” or “from”.

The answer is “churn.”

Numbers next to letters

If the picture shows letters and numbers next to them, then in the answer we use the name of the number in combination with the indicated symbols.

Answer: "Parking".

Some numbers may be encrypted under different names. For example, the number “1” can sound like “one”, “one” or even “count”.

Answer: “Fork.”

Mathematical operations

In rebuses you can encrypt not only words, but also numbers. For example, to guess these seemingly simple examples, you have to think carefully and use your knowledge of mathematics:

A triangle denotes a number with one digit. Moreover, if you add it 4 times, you get a single-digit number, indicated by a square, and if you add it 5 times, you get a two-digit number, indicated in the figure by a circle and a diamond.

Examination:

2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8,

2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10.

Combined encryption

Offer your student different variations of puzzles more often, and soon he will be able to solve them on his own with ease. Now you can move on to more sophisticated task options. For example, how do you like this option?

Answer: "Oar".

Let's learn with interest

Well, are you convinced that solving puzzles is a whole science with its own concepts and rules? We hope we were able to help you understand it. How to instill in a child an interest in such a creative way of learning? "Eureka" will give some simple tips:

• Start with the simplest tasks and gradually move on to more complex ones.
• Act unobtrusively.
• Come up with puzzles yourself and involve your child in this activity.
• Use puzzle solving as a competition with prizes for the winners - for example, at a children's birthday party.
• Help your child if he cannot complete the task for a long time.
• Praise him for correct decoding and be gentle if he fails.

We are happy to dispel the myth that studying is difficult and boring. We hope we succeeded! Convey a positive attitude to your young student and share your impressions in the comments to this article. See you soon!

Rebus(lat. rebus, with the help of things, thing, object) - A riddle in which the intended word or phrase is depicted by a combination of figures, drawings, letters, numbers, signs. For some reason, it is believed that rebuses were invented in France, although images of rebuses were used earlier to convey the names of cities on Roman and Greek coins.

I suggest you familiarize yourself with the basic (but not final) rules for solving puzzles:

1. The picture depicted in the rebus is read in nominative case, with rare exceptions.

2. One picture can have more than one name, for example, Horse and Horse, Face and Head, etc. Also, pictures can have a private or general name - fish - a general name; pike, crucian carp, roach - private names. The difficulty of rebuses lies precisely in the correct understanding of the images in specific cases.

3. Commas. The commas to the left of the word indicate how many letters need to be removed from the beginning of the word (the left side of the word). The commas on the right indicate how many letters need to be removed from the end of the word (the right side of the word).

In fact, there are many more different rules for commas, there are also inverted commas, and each author has his own problems about this - personally, I don’t worry and don’t suffer from such nonsense, as a last resort, you can always look for additional ones on the Internet rules for solving puzzles.

4. Crossed out letters above (below) a picture/word mean they need to be crossed out from the word. Important: all letters included in the word are removed. Sometimes, instead of letters, there are crossed out numbers - in this case, you need to cross out only the letter with the corresponding number.

5. To replace letters within a word, an equality like “A=E” is used, which means that all the letters “A” of the word should be replaced with the letter “E”. To replace one specific letter, an equality like 5=E is used, meaning that the fifth letter of the word should be replaced with the letter "E"

6. Sometimes only a few letters are taken from a word. In this case, their numbers are listed above the word.

7. A picture turned upside down indicates that the word should be read backwards, i.e. from right to left. (CAT - TOK, MOLE - TORK)

8. A frequently used technique when composing puzzles is the arrangement of letters relative to each other (in, under, above, on, y, by, from, for, etc.). For example, the figure below, the letter “O” contains the letters “YES”, we get v-o-da, i.e. WATER. Although in some cases it can be read as YES-V-O (davo) - you need to look at the meaning of each specific rebus.

Rebus is an exciting puzzle game that develops ingenuity, logic and the ability to find the unusual in a picture. These puzzles will be of interest to both adults and children, as some of them have a very high level of difficulty. They are used in schools to teach the child to quickly use data, process it and arrange it in the right position. Often a rebus of letters or words has several spelling options and you need to choose the most suitable sound, which allows you to develop memory and vocabulary. Only the child who has enough words in his memory so that he can recognize and understand them can take on solving puzzles. Simpler problems are given to children from the second grade, when they already know the alphabet and numbers well, baby younger age he just won't understand how to solve it. You need to start with picture puzzles, they are considered simpler; letter puzzles and note puzzles will be more difficult. They will only be possible for a child with special knowledge.

Rebuses have a rich history; they appeared even before writing. After all, it was with the help of pictures that ancient people tried to convey to others the meaning of certain events. Nowadays, puzzles are used as entertainment and a game that will captivate the whole family. In order to solve them, you need to remember a number of rules in order to understand what is read and in what order.

What could a rebus be?

A rebus is a picture that can show:

• letters;
• numbers;
• arrows;
• Pictures;
• fractions;
• notes;
• commas and periods.

They can be upside down, located in each other and in different positions in the picture. All such puzzles are divided by difficulty level. The simplest ones can be read very easily, for example, “Bumblebee” and “Table”:

You will have to think about more complex pictures.

And there are those for which you will have to be patient with pen and paper.

But for all of them there are certain rules by which puzzles are solved. If you figure it out, even the most complex proverb puzzles will yield and become understandable.

How to read a rebus?

The rebus itself is a whole picture; before you start solving it, you need to understand whether there are any special rules for reading it. If they are not there, then the words or phrases are read as usual, from left to right, but if they are, then this must be taken into account. There are two main signs:

Arrows from right to left indicate that a word or several words should be read in reverse: from right to left.

Rules for solving the rebus

The image itself includes letters, numbers and pictures that must be read and combined in a certain order. Therefore, they look not only at what is drawn, but also at how it is done. If there is a picture in the rebus, they select a word that goes with it, here you need to turn on your imagination and remember that sometimes it can be a jar, and sometimes what lies in it. All other elements are “read” in order, taking into account some rules:

Numbers, signs and commas

Very often the image is accompanied by commas, equal signs, minus signs or a row of numbers. This talks about what to do with the letters that make up a word. All actions can be seen in the pictures below, in which a “flower” is drawn, which must be turned into a “current”.

If there are commas near the picture, you need to look where they are and count them. When they appear before a word, the first letters are subtracted; if after it, then the last ones, in the amount of commas.

Sometimes there are crossed out letters next to the picture, this indicates that they need to be removed from the word.

And when there are “=”, “+” or “-” next to each other and additional letters or a picture, this indicates that this action needs to be done with the word. Letters are added either before the word or at the end. But sometimes "+" or "-" indicate that you need to add "to" or "from". We must always remember this.

The numbers next to the word indicate in what order and what letters should be taken.

Large numbers and signs

Large numbers and signs drawn in a rebus the size of the main pictures are perceived as a word or action. When they are present, different letters or syllables are added to the word.

• a large “+” indicates that you need to add “to”, “with” or “and”;
• a large “-” indicates that you need to add “from”;
• a number adds those letters that are in the word that signifies it.

For example, there are three pictures above: R + C = rice, ok-mol = hammer, 100l = table.

How to solve letter puzzles?

Sometimes a rebus consists of only letters, which are drawn in in different forms and position. The same decision rules apply to them:

• if the letter is drawn in a letter, then add: “in”;
• if the letter is above the letter, add: “above” or “on”;
• if the letter is under the letter, “under” will be added;
• if the letters are drawn from letters, you should definitely indicate this by adding “from”.

For example:

In the letter “O” we have “ron” written, that is, it should be read as “crow”.

The letters “S”, “D” and “T” grabbed the handles together, so the letter “i” is added between them - and we get the word “sits”.

This suggests that you need to add “on” to the sentence.

The letter “E” contains the letters “TKE”, that is, it is read as “v+e+tke” - “branch”.

All that remains is to connect all the words and we get: a crow is sitting on a branch. Letter puzzles allow you to develop your imagination well and learn to quickly form words.

How to solve puzzles with notes

Puzzles with notes are designed for those children who study music and it is not difficult for them to determine which note is drawn in the picture. To solve the puzzle, take seven notes and use their names.

This is the note "C" and "m", read as "house".

And these are “fa” and “sol”, that is, “beans”.

Such puzzles help you quickly remember how to write notes and quickly, subconsciously use them.

How to solve complex puzzles made from pictures, letters and numbers?

Puzzles are divided by level of difficulty. They mean not only words, but also phrases. If the picture seems too complicated, don’t be shy to take a pen and paper and break it down into its components. When you need to guess not just one word, but a proverb or a well-known phrase, the author usually writes about it. Let's take, for example, a rebus:

and let's try to solve it. We remember that rebuses are read from left to right like words in a book; if there are no additional icons, and this rebus does not have them, then you should start from the right.

From the letter “E” the letters “la” move away, that is, the whole picture needs to be read as “s+e+la”, that is, we get the first part: “sela”

Here we see that the letters “ha” are holding the letter “m” in their hands and we get the following combination “m+u+ha”. Of course, you can also read “u+ha+m”, but, in my opinion, the fly is still better.

This is a large jar of delicious jam, since there are no commas, numbers or symbols next to it, this indicates that the entire word must be used in its entirety, without changes.

And this indicates what is being added – “on” or “above”. In our case, “on” is more suitable.

As a result of the fact that a complex picture was decomposed into simple elements, we got a simple rebus from the words: village + fly + jam + na. As a result, we get the phrase: “A fly sat on the jam.”

In each case, it is worth turning on your imagination and learning to quickly use the rules - and then complex puzzles will not be so difficult. The main thing is to always be careful and not lose any elements.