Regional competition

"Heroes of Oryol - Heroes of Russia"

within the framework of the All-Russian Literary

competition "Heroes of the Great Victory"

Essay

Pikalova Alina Olegovna

Budgetary general education

institution "Vyshne-Olshanskaya

middle School of General education",

2-25-35

15 years old, 9th grade

Teacher

Russian language and literature:

Cheremukhina Marina Nikolaevna

There is a memory that

there will be no oblivion

and glory that is not

there will be an end...

Great Patriotic War... What could be harder and more sorrowful for a person than to see his Fatherland in the hands of the enemy, the soul of his people desecrated, and his body chained in the chains of the enemy!

The Russian people are generous and hospitable, but when they heard the sound of the veche bell, the Russians abandoned their peaceful affairs and took up the sword to defend their mother land. This happened in 1941, when the whole world rose up in defense of the Motherland.

The war changed everything, turned everything upside down: plans, destinies, people’s lives collapsed. This is the grief of the entire country and each individual. At this time, a person begins to understand his importance, feel an extraordinary elation, tries to do everything that only he can, even if it costs his life. After all, grief unites people into an unshakable stronghold, especially if people have their own idea, and among the people of that time, love for the Fatherland was expressed very strongly, patriotism was sincere, adjacent to will, courage, fortitude and duty.
Our fellow countryman Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov did not remain aloof from the military events.

Tikhon Pavlovich was born on October 14, 1910 in the family of a poor peasant. After finishing 4th grade, he worked in agriculture. As a seventeen-year-old boy, he went to the Ilyich mine of the Kadievsky mine administration in the Lugansk region. Here he joined the Komsomol. The smart boy was appointed foreman of the miners. He entered evening school. After some time, T.P. Manankov was elected secretary of the Komsomol organization of the mine. Then Sovpartshkola.

In 1932 he was called up for active service in the Red Army, graduated from the regimental school and served as a sergeant major in an artillery regiment. After active service, he graduated from the artillery school in Vladivostok in 1936 and was awarded the rank of junior lieutenant.

In 1939, Tikhon Pavlovich was accepted into the ranks of the CPSU (b) and until 1941 he served in the Far East in the 187th artillery regiment, first as a fire platoon commander, then as a battery commander.

At the end of January of the terrible forty-first year, Tikhon Pavlovich was sent to the Urals to form an artillery brigade, and from there in April 1942 - to the front as a battery commander, where he was awarded the ranks of senior lieutenant, captain, and major. In April 1942, there were heavy, grueling battles on the northwestern front. At this time, Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov received baptism of fire. A year later, his guns smashed the enemy on the Bryansk Front. Here Tikhon Pavlovich received the first government award for personal courage and bravery - the Order of Alexander Nevsky, then the second - the Order of the Red Star.

During combat operations he was wounded twice. After treatment in the hospital, Tikhon Pavlovich was appointed deputy commander and then commander of the 790th artillery regiment of the 250th Infantry Division, which was part of the 3rd Army of the 1st Belorussian Front. The 250th Rifle Division was in defense on the left bank of the Drut River, opposite a large settlement, the support of the entire Bobruisk enemy group. Its defense was built on a system of continuous trenches with communication passages and densely dotted with firing points. The line was defended by two enemy infantry and motorized rifle regiments. The enemy's fifth tank division was in reserve. Our troops, along with strengthening the defensive line, were faced with the task of preparing for new offensive battles. The division was supposed to cross the Drut River in a two-kilometer strip and, having broken through the enemy’s defenses, develop an offensive in depth. All tasks for artillery support for the offensive of the division's rifle units were assigned to the 790th Artillery Regiment.

On the night of June 23-24, 1944, the long-awaited offensive began. The artillery preparation lasted two hours. During this time, the enemy’s defenses were suppressed and our rifle units unitedly attacked the front line of the German defense and occupied three trenches. Many times the Germans tried to counterattack our units - without success.

For active participation in the liberation of Bobruisk, the 250th Infantry Division was given the name "Bobruisk". By order of Supreme Commander-in-Chief Stalin dated June 25, 1944, she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. On June 29, 1944, Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov was thanked for his excellent military actions in breaking through the enemy’s defenses and in the battles to encircle and destroy the Bobruisk group of German troops, for the liberation of the city of Bobruisk, and for crossing the Drut River. Two more were added to his military awards - the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal "For Military Merit".

The 790th Artillery Regiment under the command of Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov wrote many glorious pages in the history of the Great Patriotic War.
At the beginning of 1945, the division received an order to, in cooperation with other units, deliver the main blow to the enemy and, developing the offensive, reach the border with East Prussia. The offensive was scheduled for January 14, 1945. At exactly 7 o'clock, direct fire artillery opened fire on previously discovered enemy firing points. Then our infantry went on the attack. The enemy was stunned by such an unexpected blow and began to retreat. The regiment of Major Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov destroyed 440 Nazis, 39 machine guns, 5 anti-tank guns, 7 enemy observation posts.

On January 15 at 10.00, after heavy artillery bombardment of enemy positions, units of the division resumed the offensive and approached the Ozhitsy River. However, the enemy, having brought in fresh forces overnight, launched a counterattack in the afternoon. Our battle formations were hit by the SS division "Greater Germany". And our infantry, unable to dig in, began to retreat. The enemy, taking advantage of this, surrounded the headquarters of the 790th artillery regiment. The entire burden of the battle fell on the shoulders of the artillerymen. Left without infantry support, they courageously fought off counterattacking tanks and German infantry. Nevertheless, the Nazis managed to break through to the observation post of the regiment commander. At these moments, Tikhon Pavlovich’s commanding qualities were especially evident. He ordered the regiment's batteries to increase fire on the enemy. Scouts, telephone operators, computers and radio operators of the headquarters battery organized a perimeter defense. The Nazis lay down, and then the commander radioed one of our closest tanks to approach the OP and began to adjust its fire himself. After some time, the Nazis, regardless of losses, nevertheless approached the observation post, and the regiment commander and his scouts again repelled enemy counterattacks with a machine gun in their hands. The important line was held by the artillerymen.
However, in this battle Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov was seriously wounded, but continued to direct the fire. And only after he began to lose consciousness from heavy loss of blood did he allow himself to be taken out of the battlefield. Four scouts, an adjutant and a medical instructor carried him across the field, continually firing back at the advancing Germans. But on the way to the medical battalion, without regaining consciousness, Tikhon Pavlovich died. He was buried with full military honors in the town of Govorovo, Warsaw Voivodeship.

On February 16, 1945, the commander of the 2nd Belorussian Front, Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky, signed an award sheet for the nomination of Major T.P. Manankov (posthumously) for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. The decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was published on June 29, 1945.

Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov lived less than 35 years. But with his selfless service to the Motherland and the people, he earned eternal glory.

…Despite the fierce resistance of the enemy, on January 17, 1945, our units went on the offensive and on January 21 entered the territory of Nazi Germany. The regiment ended its combat journey in Berlin. Much has changed during the fighting of the commanders of the regiment of units, but the memory of his comrade in arms, Hero of the Soviet Union Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov lives in the hearts of those who fought next to him on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.

His sons are also proud of the hero father. When the war began, the family was evacuated from a military garrison in the Far East to the interior of the country. Tikhon Pavlovich’s wife with two sons, the eldest of whom was in his third year, and the youngest in his second, was evacuated to the Omsk region, then moved to the Sverdlovsk region and worked there on a collective farm. When Belarus was liberated in 1944, the family moved to their mother’s homeland - to the city of Senno, Vitebsk region. Thanks to the care of the Soviet state, the children grew up to be worthy people of our society. Both graduated from universities. The eldest, Valery, is an engineer, the youngest, Yuri, is a doctor. He worked as the chief physician in the 22nd clinic in Minsk, and was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor. Tikhon Pavlovich's grandson Oleg followed in his grandfather's footsteps - he graduated from the Omsk Higher Combined Arms Command School. Granddaughter Tatyana is a doctor.

The Motherland knows and remembers the immortal feat of each of its sons.

“The price of this feat is immeasurable. The lives of thousands, millions of our compatriots were laid on the altar of Victory,” says the son of the Hero of the Soviet Union, Valery Tikhonovich Manankov. “Including my father, Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov.”

Their names entered the glorious chronicle of the Great Patriotic War. A new generation is being brought up based on the example of the life and heroic deeds of glorious Soviet soldiers.

MOU – secondary school No. 3

named after the city of Orel

Extracurricular activity

math teachers

Butyrina

Lyudmila Afanasyevna

Extracurricular activity

"Pilots-heroes of the Oryol region"

Goals:

· To acquaint 9th grade students with some facts of the participation of Oryol pilots in the liberation of the Oryol region from the Nazi invaders,

· To cultivate patriotic consciousness through examples of military valor,

· Instill respect for the heroic past of the native land.

· Cultivate a respectful attitude towards outstanding people of our country, towards your family, relatives and friends.

Equipment: stands with photographs of the war years, a book exhibition presenting books about the Oryol region during the Great Patriotic War, military uniforms for readers, tables and chairs for the presenter and announcers, audio equipment for listening to phonograms.

Event scenario

The hall is decorated with stands with photographs of the war years, books about the Oryol region during the Great Patriotic War, photographs of hero pilots of the Oryol region.

Readers in military uniform, some sitting, some standing on a darkened stage. During the event, spotlights highlight whichever reader is currently speaking. Under the stage, directly in front of the auditorium, the presenter and announcers of the information bureau are sitting at tables.

First reader: There is a hot cloud of drifting snow on the ground.

The sky is groaning, the sky is groaning!

Clouds, like swans, scream

Over burnt bread.

The bread was completely destroyed, and the whole village was completely destroyed.

Grief? No... What a grief this is...

Half a fence remains of the village,

Half a fence on a hill.

The clouds are screaming, screaming all day long!..

And alone under those clouds

I'm shaking, shaking, shaking the fence

With black hands.

Leading: These lines were written by front-line poet Sergei Narovchatov in the fall of 1941 in the Oryol region. “The clouds are screaming” is the name of this poem. This is how the poet saw the terrible sky of 1941, a sky that so often brought death to people: fascist bombs rained down not only on military positions, but also on peaceful cities. And people peered into the dark, hostile sky of war, trying to guess what it was bringing to them. Death often came from heaven. But the help that Soviet aviation provided during the liberation of the Oryol region from the Nazi occupiers could also be expected from the sky.

Information Bureau

First announcer: During the liquidation of the German bridgehead in the Oryol region in July and August 1943, the Oryol air battle unfolded. In this major air battle, over 36 days, Soviet aviation in the Oryol direction made 61 thousand sorties and dropped 15 thousand tons of bombs on the enemy. Enemy aviation lost 1,411 aircraft during this time, of which 1,331 aircraft were destroyed in air battles and 80 at airfields. All attempts by the German command to regain the lost initiative ended in failure. The Soviet air force firmly maintained air supremacy.

Second announcer: The air offensive in all main areas of the battles near Orel began with preparations for an attack on the front line of the enemy defense. Massive strikes by Soviet night bombers played a very significant role in this aviation preparation. And at dawn, dozens of large groups of attack aircraft took to the sky. They literally hung over the German defensive line without interruption, increasing the fire of Soviet artillery. The actions of the attack aircraft were covered by fighters, displacing German aircraft from the battlefield.

Third speaker: The joint artillery and air bombardment of the Germans' first defensive line was so thorough that Soviet ground forces were able to successfully break through its front edge, occupy enemy trenches and dugouts, and move the battle into the depths of the German defense. When fighting began on the ground inside enemy defenses, aviation, while continuing to fight for the initiative in the air, joined in supporting the actions of infantry and tanks.

Leading: One of the episodes of the Oryol air battle was described in July 1943 in his article by Boris Polevoy, a war correspondent for the newspaper Pravda.

Second reader:“I saw one of the intense battles at the height of the offensive on Oryol from an aviation observation post. From here, from the top of a high-rise building overgrown with curly young oak trees..., I had a wide view of the uneven hilly horizon, of the brick houses of the village of Nikitinka, destroyed by artillery.

This village, located on the eastern slope of the hill, was one of the powerful fortified nodes created by the Germans on the “inner armored line of the Oryol wedge.” Our forward movement was delayed at this village...

The Germans wanted to return the village at all costs...

The landscape, the fields, forests, and villages sweltering from the heat seemed dead, until the branches at the edge of the forest trembled and from there, fanning out along the ridge of the hill, German tanks poured out. They went forward, buzzing, swaying, sparkling with reddish flashes of shots, and behind each of them infantry was moving behind his armor. A moment later, the field, neighboring hills, copses - everything came to life from the running German chains, rushing towards the village under the cover of tanks. Over the noise of the flaring up battle, we did not hear the howl of engines, and I saw German fighters when they were already hovering over the battlefield.

The aviation commander raised his headphones, listened and suddenly smiled:

Well, now we take the floor.

And as if in response to his remark, a group of our hawks appeared in the air. Without hesitation, without slowing down, they pounced on the Germans, crashed into their formation, grappled with them and swirled in a hot air battle. Tangles of fighting planes, in which from the ground it was almost impossible to distinguish one from the German, began to slowly rise upward. And while there, at a high altitude, there was a battle going on, stormtroopers burst out from behind the hill and attacked the Germans. They, as the pilots put it, “scraped the very ground,” “placed” their bombs almost on the turrets of German tanks. The shells, drawing a trail of smoke in the air, exploded into hundreds of hot fragments over the heads of the German infantrymen...

When you now try to evaluate the participation of all types of our air weapons in the historical battle for Orel, it becomes clear that our aviation brilliantly carried out the air offensive and provided our ground units with enormous assistance in liberating Orel. And it is no coincidence that the German pilot Hubert I., who flew over to our side at the height of the fighting, said:

You can hate your aviation, but you can’t not respect and fear it.”

Leading: Many severe trials befell our people, and they performed many heroic deeds for their native land. But they have never shown such mass heroism, perseverance, and courage as during the Great Patriotic War.

First reader: Natives of the Oryol region fought on all fronts and in all branches of the military... Defense of Moscow, Leningrad and Sevastopol, battles for Stalingrad and on the Oryol-Kursk Bulge...

The highest degree of distinction for feats is considered to be the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. One hundred and seventy-nine natives of the Oryol region were awarded this title during the war of 1941-1945. Thirty-five Oryol residents were awarded this title for crossing the Dnieper, twenty-eight for the liberation of Belarus, twenty for fighting on Polish territory, seven for crossing the Oder, eleven for participating in the storming of Berlin.

Second reader: There are thirty-eight pilots among the Oryol heroes. Parshin became twice Hero of the Soviet Union.

Born May 10(23), 1916 in the village Setukha is now Zalegoshchensky district, Oryol region. Before the war, he graduated from the flying club, then from the flight school, and from the higher parachute school. After graduation, he worked as a pilot instructor in Dnepropetrovsk. From the first days of the war at the front.

His name is inscribed in golden letters in the history of the Great Patriotic War. The air chief marshal, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, called him a “virtuoso of assault strikes.” Having worked his way up from a pilot to the commander of the 943rd Attack Aviation Regiment, he made 253 combat missions, shot down 10 enemy aircraft, and destroyed many enemy defensive structures, equipment and manpower.

For courage and courage shown in battles, he was awarded two Gold Star medals and the Order of Lenin, 4 Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov 3rd degree, Order of Alexander Nevsky, the Order of the Patriotic War 1st degree and many medals. After the war he continued to serve in aviation. Died in 1956 while performing official duties.

In the homeland of the twice hero in the regional center of the village. A bronze bust was installed in the area. In Moscow, one of the streets is named after him.

Third reader: Our other fellow countryman is Ivan Antonovich Leonov, the only pilot in the world during the Great Patriotic War who flew a combat aircraft without one arm (listed in the Guinness Book of Records).

First reader: Born on February 1, 1923 in the village of Mogovka, Shablykinsky district, Oryol region, in a large peasant family. In Krasnaya Yu-88".

By mid-July 1943, the fighter pilot of the fighter aviation regiment made 50 combat missions and shot down 5 enemy aircraft.

On July 15, 1943, while carrying out aerial reconnaissance and photographing the location of enemy troops in the area of ​​the railway in the Orel-Ponyri section, the lieutenant’s plane was shot down, and the pilot himself was seriously injured: an enemy shell shattered his shoulder joint. Military doctors saved the brave pilot’s life, but his left arm and shoulder blade were amputated.

The commander of the 1st Air Army, Colonel General Mikhail Gromov, who once flew over the North Pole to America, was known as a risky man. It was him who Leonov decided to turn to after being discharged from the hospital for permission to fly again. I thought through everything down to the smallest detail. On airplanes of those times, the left hand performed only one function: it worked with the throttle lever. I. Leonov said: “At first I decided to transfer this function to the foot, to make a pedal, like in a car. Did not work out. I was terribly upset. And suddenly it dawned on me: you can jerk your shoulder! I found a piece of aluminum, made a shoulder pad to reach the lever, with a grip at the end. The grip snapped onto the lever, and I used my shoulder to apply or release the gas.”

Probably because he himself was a pilot to the core, Gromov understood the twenty-year-old boy. Having become disabled, the young officer managed, in a personal meeting, to convince the commander of the 1st Air Army to, as an exception, keep him in flight work. Controlling the “heavenly slow-moving vehicle” Po-2, he began to carry out combat missions as a pilot of the 33rd communications squadron of the 1st Air Army: he conducted reconnaissance, delivered orders, flew behind enemy lines with cargo for the partisans, making more than 60 sorties...

Much later, in his memoirs “On Earth and in the Sky,” Mikhail Mikhailovich Gromov will write: “On the Western Front, I met an amazing man who dreamed of aviation. A boy from a small village, lost in the forest, accomplished a feat during the war that has no equal in the world. If passion and dedication are inherent in a person with great character, he overcomes all the obstacles that stand in his way... This is exactly what Ivan Antonovich Leonov is like.”

"For the courage and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945", retired senior lieutenant Leonov Ivan Antonovich was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of February 16, 1995 No. 000 with the presentation of a medal " Golden Star".

Leading: Along with men, Soviet women also showed miracles of heroism.

History knows many examples of courage, perseverance, and dedication shown by women at different times in different countries, but the heroism of Soviet women during the Great Patriotic War is a phenomenon that has no equal in the world.

Second reader: In the village of Glazunovka, Shura Polyakova lies in a mass grave. She died on the night of May 9–10, 1943. She was then and will forever remain 21 years old. But she, together with her navigator Efim Sagaidachny, managed to make 86 sorties, disastrous for the invaders. They flew out to bomb the enemy front line, destroying columns of Nazi tanks and trains with military equipment.

When a fragment of an enemy anti-aircraft shell pierced the engine of Shura Polyakova’s plane, she directed her flaming car towards Hitler’s military echelon.

A week later, an article about Shura Polyakova’s feat appeared in the army newspaper “Valor,” ending with the call: “Pilot! You are going on a combat mission. At this hour, remember your combat friend, a simple Russian girl who loved her Motherland and life as much as you. Avenge her, comrade! "

Leading: The exploits of the faithful daughters of the Fatherland will forever remain in the memory of our people. Among them are Marina Pavlovna Chechneva and Nadezhda Vasilievna Popova - guard captains, pilots of the night bomber regiment, two women among 177 men, awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union in the city of Oryol and the Oryol region.

Third reader: born on August 15, 1922 in the village of Protasovo, now Maloarkhangelsk district, Oryol region. In 1939 she graduated from the Moscow Aero Club and worked as an instructor pilot at the Central Aero Club. In the Red Army since February 1942. During the war, she made 810 combat missions to bomb enemy troops, for which she was awarded 2 Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st and 2nd degrees, 3 Orders of the Red Star, many medals, as well as by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 01.01 .01 year for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command and demonstrated courage and heroism in battles with the Nazi invaders to her, squadron commander of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment of the 325th Night Bomber Aviation Division of the 4th Air Army of the 2nd Belorussian Front , awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

First reader: born on December 27, 1921 in the village of Shebanovka, Dolzhansky district, Oryol region. In 1936, after completing her studies at a high school in the city of Stalino (now Donetsk, Ukraine), she entered the flying club, which she graduated in 1937, and was left there for further training as an instructor. In 1939, she came to Moscow in order to become a military pilot, where she met the legendary pilot Hero of the Soviet Union, who helped to send her to the Kherson Aviation School of OSOVIAKHIM. After graduating, in 1940 she continued her studies at the Donetsk Military Aviation School and received a diploma as a pilot-navigator. Having learned that a women's aviation unit was being formed in Moscow, she sent a telegram to the Central Committee of the All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union. She was called to the capital, accepted into “group 122,” which was recruited by the Hero of the Soviet Union. From Moscow, the girls were sent to the city of Engels, Saratov region, where Raskova formed three women’s air regiments: fighter, dive bombers and night bombers. Nadezhda Popova asked to join the light-engine night bomber regiment.

In May 1942, upon completion of an abbreviated training program, the sergeant major with the 588th Bomber Night Bomber Women's Aviation Regiment flew to the front.

Flight commander Popova led the flight on night bombing missions in the area of ​​Taganrog and Rostov-on-Don. She often flew out for daytime reconnaissance... She was shot down and burned...

For exemplary performance of tasks, the 19-year-old lieutenant was awarded the first Order of the Red Banner.

Po-2 night bombers, piloted by girls, became a real threat to the Nazis. Low-speed PO-2s caused significant damage to them. A biplane made of plywood and percale had its advantages. Low speed, 120 kilometers per hour, and the ability to descend to a minimum altitude made it possible to hit targets close to the enemy's rear with an accuracy not available to other aircraft. No wonder they called our pilots “night witches”! Noting the military merits of Soviet pilots, in the spring of 1943, at the height of the fighting in the Kuban, the 588th Bomber Night Women's Aviation Regiment was awarded the rank of Guards.

The pilots, now of the 46th Guards Women's Night Bomber Regiment, continued to destroy the enemy in Ukraine, Crimea, Belarus, Poland and on the territory of Nazi Germany...

During the Great Patriotic War she made 852 combat missions...

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 23, 1945, the deputy commander of the guard squadron, Captain Nadezhda Vasilievna Popova, was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for the courage and heroism shown in battles with the Nazi occupiers, with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

Leading: After the war, one of the pilots, Hero of the Soviet, became a director and made a documentary film “Night Witches in the Sky” about her fellow soldiers. In the 70s, a wide audience learned about the women’s regiment from the popular feature film “Only Old Men Go to Battle.” The story of the pilot Nadezhda Popova formed the basis of the love story of this film (the prototype for the heroine of the film).

Years will pass, centuries will pass, but the glorious feat of the Soviet people will never be forgotten. Our people are rightfully proud of the unfading military exploits of their sons and daughters. He sacredly honors the memory of those who gave the most precious thing in the struggle for their homeland - life.

Internet resources

http://ru. wikipedia. org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nadezhda_Popova. jpg

http://blokada. otrok. ru/txthe/mos/ilu. php?2007

http://www. pobedivshie. ru/images/ocherki/ivan_leonov/foto5.jpg

Used Books

1. Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary: In 2 volumes - M.: Military Publishing House, 1987-1988.

2. Book of Memory / ed. and others. Orel, 2005.

3. Lysenko citizens of Orel: publishing house “Veshnie Vody”, 2008.

4. Collection “40 years of Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” Oryol region in numbers." Statistical Department of the Oryol Region 1985

5. Mikhalenko is worth loyalty: A documentary story. - M.: Children's literature, 1981.

Drovnik Vladimir Mikhailovich

19.04.1924 - 14.04.1945

Hero of the Soviet Union

On April 19, 1945, for courage, bravery and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders,

guard junior sergeant

Drovnik

Vladimir Mikhailovich

assigned

Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously)

Drovnik Vladimir Mikhailovich - machine gunner of the 262nd Guards Rifle Regiment (87th Guards Rifle Division, 43rd Army, 3rd Belorussian Front), guard junior sergeant.

Born on April 19, 1924 in the village of Krasnaya Rybnitsa, now Sverdlovsk district, Oryol region, in a peasant family. Russian. He spent his childhood and youth in the village of Novogrigorivka, now Genichesk district, Kherson region (Ukraine). Graduated from junior high school. He worked on a collective farm. During the Great Patriotic War, from September 1941 to October 1943, he was in occupied territory. In the Red Army since October 1943.

Participant of the Great Patriotic War: from October 1943 - machine gunner, light machine gun gunner of the 262nd Infantry Regiment. As part of the 2nd Guards Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front, he participated in the crossing of the Dnieper near the city of Kherson and the liquidation of the enemy’s bridgehead on its right bank, the assault on Perekop and the liberation of Sevastopol during the Crimean strategic operation; liberation of the Baltic states as part of the 1st Baltic Front during the Shauliai and Memel offensive operations in July-October 1944; in the destruction of the enemy group in East Prussia as part of the 2nd Guards, 39th and 43rd Armies of the 3rd Belorussian Front. Was wounded twice.

He particularly distinguished himself when breaking through enemy defenses on the outskirts of the city of Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) and in the battles for the city.

During an attack on enemy positions, the company was forced to lie down under heavy machine-gun fire. V.M. The woodcutter, volunteering, entered the flank of the Nazis and suddenly attacked them. At the same time, the fire from the machine gun point was suppressed and 15 enemy soldiers were killed.

On April 8, 1945, during street battles, having installed a light machine gun in the attic of a house, he allowed the enemy to come within 150 meters and opened accurate fire on the counterattacking Nazis. He destroyed 47 enemy soldiers and officers. When the location of the machine gun was discovered, he moved to a new position in the cemetery area and continued to fire. During the battle, machine gun V.M. Drovnik was put out of action. The guard junior sergeant continued to fire from his machine gun and, at a critical moment in the battle, raised the fighters to attack. Destroyed five enemy firing points with grenades.

On April 14, 1945, in a battle near the village of Grosheidekrug (now the village of Vzmorye, Svetlovsky urban district, Kaliningrad region), the enemy threw large forces of infantry at the company’s position, supported by two tanks. V.M. The woodcutter moved forward with a bunch of grenades and knocked out one of them. Raised the soldiers to attack. The enemy was driven back. In this battle, guard junior sergeant V.M. The woodcutter died.

In total, in the battles for Königsberg, he destroyed about 200 Nazis and knocked out a tank.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 19, 1945, for the courage, courage and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders, guard junior sergeant Vladimir Mikhailovich Drovnik was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

Awarded the Order of Lenin (04/19/1945, posthumously), 2 medals “For Courage” (09/7/1944; 02/23/1945).

He was buried in a mass grave in the village of Vzmorye, Svetlovsky urban district, Kaliningrad region. A bust of the Hero and a memorial plaque were installed in the city of Genichesk. Streets in Kherson, Genichesk and Svetly are named after him.

Mass grave in the village of Vzmorye, Svetlovsky district, Kaliningrad region (Sovetskaya street). 120 soldiers were buried, including three Heroes of the Soviet Union: Lieutenant V.F. Lapshin, senior sergeant A.A. Evseev, junior sergeant V.M. Drovnik.

Dubkovsky Nikolai Andreevich

21.05.1921 - 07.11.1970

Hero of the Soviet Union

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 17, 1943, for courage, bravery and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders, the sailor

Dubkovsky

Nikolai Andreevich

assigned

Hero of the Soviet Union

Nikolai Andreevich Dubkovsky - anti-tank rifle gunner of the 386th separate marine battalion (Novorossiysk naval base, Black Sea Fleet), sailor.

Born on May 21, 1921 in the village of Zmiyovka, now an urban-type settlement in the Sverdlovsk district of the Oryol region, in a peasant family. Russian. He graduated from elementary school and worked as a tractor driver on a collective farm.

In the Navy since 1940. He graduated from the communications school of the training detachment of the Black Sea Fleet. Participant of the Great Patriotic War since June 1941.

The anti-tank rifle gunner of the 386th separate marine battalion of the Novorossiysk naval base of the Black Sea Fleet, sailor Dubkovsky, took part in the landing in the village of Eltigen (now the village of Geroevskoye within the city of Kerch).

The company found itself in a difficult position. A storm in the Kerch Strait separated the first echelon landing forces from the rear. Without ammunition and food, Soviet soldiers had incredible difficulty holding back the onslaught of the counterattacking enemy.

On the night of November 1, 1943, during the assault on enemy fortifications, Dubkovsky, taking a convenient position, destroyed enemy machine guns with an anti-tank rifle. The company commander raised the soldiers to attack. The company captured one of the sections of the anti-tank ditch.

The enemy began shelling with heavy mortars, and then attacked with tanks supported by infantry. The paratroopers repulsed twelve counterattacks and destroyed six tanks. During the day, sailor Dubkovsky was wounded, but remained in service. He knocked out three tanks and destroyed more than a dozen heavy machine guns.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 17, 1943, for the courage, courage and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders, sailor Nikolai Andreevich Dubkovsky was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 3897).

In 1946, Sergeant Major 1st Article Dubkovsky was demobilized. He returned to his homeland and worked on a collective farm.

Awarded the Order of Lenin and medals.

Died November 7, 1970. An obelisk and a memorial plaque have been installed in Zmiyovka. A city park is named after him.

Zhadov Alexey Semenovich

30.03.1901 - 10.11.1977

Hero of the Soviet Union

By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR

For the successful leadership of military formations and the personal courage and heroism of the Guard, Colonel General

Alexey Semyonovich

assigned

Hero of the Soviet Union

Zhadov (until November 25, 1942 - Zhidov) Alexey Semenovich - commander of the 5th Guards Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front, guard colonel general.

Born on March 17 (30), 1901 in the village of Nikolskoye, now Sverdlovsk district, Oryol region, into a peasant family. Russian. He graduated from the parochial school.

In the Red Army since 1919. Civil War participant: Red Army soldier in the 46th Infantry Division on the Southern Front. He was soon sent to study, and in 1920 he graduated from the 4th Oryol Cavalry Courses. After graduation, he became the commander of a training platoon, assistant squadron commander in the First Cavalry Army. He fought on the Southern Front, as well as against the insurgency and banditry in Ukraine and Belarus. In 1923 he fought against the Basmachi in Central Asia.

After the Civil War - in staff and command positions in the Red Army: from October 1924 - platoon commander, squadron commander and political instructor. In 1928 he graduated from the Moscow military-political courses.

In 1934 he graduated from the Military Academy of the Red Army named after M.V. Frunze. Since May 1934 - chief of staff of the cavalry regiment, since 1935 - head of the operational department of the headquarters of the Special Cavalry Division named after I.V. Stalin, from July 1937 - chief of staff of the corps. From May 1938 he served in the Cavalry Inspectorate: assistant inspector, senior adjutant, deputy inspector.

In 1940, he was appointed commander of the 21st Turkestan Cavalry Division in the Central Asian Military District. A few days before the war, he was appointed commander of the 4th Airborne Corps; on the way to his destination, he was overtaken by the war.

A participant in the Great Patriotic War from June 1941 as commander of the 4th Airborne Corps (Western Front), he fought defensive battles on the lines of the Sozh and Berezina rivers. Since August 1941, Major General Zhidov A.S. - Chief of Staff of the 3rd Army (Central and Bryansk Fronts); participated in the battle of Moscow. From May 1942 he commanded the 8th Cavalry Corps (Bryansk Front). Since October 1942, he was the commander of the 66th Army of the Don Front, which, under his leadership, distinguished itself in the fall of 1942, delivering several powerful counterattacks on the flank of German troops that broke through from the north to Stalingrad, which disrupted the enemy’s plans and pinned down a number of his divisions. During the same period, the army commander changed his last name, becoming Zhadov. Later, the 66th Army of General Zhadov A.S. took an active part in the defeat of the encircled fascist group. For steadfastness, courage and military skill shown in

At the Battle of Stalingrad in April 1943, the 66th Army was transformed into the 5th Guards Army. General A.S. Zhadov commanded it continuously until the Victory.

Subsequently, the 5th Guards Army fought on the Voronezh, 2nd and 1st Ukrainian fronts; participated in the tank battle near Prokhorovskaya, in the Belgorod-Kharkov operation, in the battle for the Dnieper, in the Kirovograd, Uman-Botosha, Lvov-Sandomierz, Vistula-Oder, Upper Silesian, Lower Silesian, Berlin and Prague operations. On September 25, 1944, Lieutenant General Zhadov A.S. awarded the military rank of Colonel General.

For the successful leadership of military formations and the personal courage and heroism demonstrated by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 6, 1945, Guard Colonel General Zhadov Alexei Semenovich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

In 1946-1949 - Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces for combat training. In 1950 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Higher Military Academy named after K.E. Voroshilov. In 1950-1952 - deputy head, in 1952-1954 - head of the Military Academy named after M.V. Frunze. Since 1954 - Commander-in-Chief of the Central Group of Forces (Austria), since 1955 - Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces for combat training, since 1956 - First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces. In 1964-1969 - First Deputy Chief Inspector of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Since 1969 - military inspector-adviser in the Group of Inspectors General of the USSR Ministry of Defense.

He lived in the hero city of Moscow, where he died on November 10, 1977. Buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery

Reshilin Ivan Fedorovich

15.08.1915 - 26.02.1987

Hero of the Soviet Union

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated October 26, 1943 for courage, bravery and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders

Reshilina

Ivan Fedorovich

assigned

Hero of the Soviet Union

The Orlovets hero played a decisive role in crossing the Dnieper by Soviet troops in 1943. Ivan Fedorovich Reshilin was born in 1915 in the village of Kotovka, Sverdlovsk region. A simple, modest guy, before the war he worked as a loader at a grain collection point. In May 1941, Ivan was drafted into the army. When the war began, he served as a rifleman in the 222nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 72nd Guards Division of the 7th Guards Army of the Steppe (II Ukrainian) Front.

On the night of September 25-26, 1943, the company commander called Reshilin and said that, together with five soldiers, Ivan needed to gain a foothold on the bank of the Dnieper captured by the Germans and distract the enemy when Soviet troops crossed the river for the further liberation of Kyiv.

“It’s a difficult matter, but you are guardsmen,” the company commander blessed the young soldiers with meager words. - Reshilin - for the eldest. See you on the other side!

In the dead of night, under the gloomy splash of the dark Dnieper waters, five daredevils on rafts set off. The silence did not last long. The cold September waters were soon illuminated by flares, and a barrage of enemy fire fell on the heads of Soviet soldiers. They managed to get through this hell and cross to the right bank alive. The soldiers dug in in the steep breaks of the coast near the Borodaevka station in the Dnepropetrovsk region.

In the morning the first counterattack began. Our soldiers held out for exactly 24 hours. Every now and then Reshilin’s order was heard: “Let me get closer, just to be sure”... Soviet soldiers repelled 12 counterattacks, covering the landing of Soviet units. There are only three of them left. Reshilin personally destroyed twenty fascists! The savvy, evasive Ivan managed to capture the enemy machine gun. With a cry of “Company, follow me!” he rushed to the attack. The enemy ran in panic.

When his company crossed the Dnieper, the commander hugged Ivan, who could barely stand on his feet.

-Well done, well done! - Shedding tears, he whispered to the exhausted guy.

For this feat, on October 26, 1943, shooter Ivan Reshilin was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After demobilization, Ivan Reshilin returned to his native land. The hero continued to work modestly at the Sverdlovsk food processing plant until retirement. Meanwhile, legends were formed about his exploits. The hero was revered by everyone, from young to old. Reshilin’s wife, Maria Pavlovna, was lovingly called “the hero’s grandmother.” At patriotism lessons in schools, Reshilin was a favorite guest. Although he didn’t like to remember his exploits.

“He always said: “Well, why should I boast!” - recalls a resident of Zmievka, a relative of our hero, Maria Ivanovna Reshilina.

In the central park of the village there is a memorial “Grieving Mother” and the Walk of Fame, which houses a gallery of obelisks to the Heroes of the Soviet Union. Zmievka is the birthplace of seven Heroes. There is also an obelisk there with the name of Ivan Fedorovich Reshilin.

He died on February 26, 1987. A huge number of people came to see off the hero on his final journey.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, the 1st class of the Patriotic War, and medals.

Filatov Alexey Yakovlevich

Hero of the Soviet Union

By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR

for courage, bravery and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders

FILATOV

ALEXEY YAKOVLEVICH

assigned

Hero of the Soviet Union

(posthumously)

Born in 1905 in the village of Nikolskoye, Sverdlovsk region. Russian. After school he worked on the collective farm. Lenin. He was drafted into the army in June 1941. In the Great Patriotic War, from July 1941, he was a squad commander on the Bryansk, Central, and 1st Belorussian fronts. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded posthumously on March 24, 1945. He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. He died in the Warsaw Voivodeship on the western bank of the river. Narew 10/16/1944

The combat biography of Hero of the Soviet Union Alexei Yakovlevich Filatov, who gave his life for his Motherland, is much broader and richer than this short story.

The son of a hereditary grain grower, he knew how and loved to work. He did not like and did not know how to fight. Alexey Filatov learned to fight and beat the Krauts angrily and furiously. He remembered the military oath: to defend his Fatherland to the last drop of blood.

Alexey Filatov fought bravely against his enemies. Liberated Livny, Maloarkhangelsk, Fatezh, Surazh, Novozybkov. In the battles in the Oryol region he was wounded. He fought his way to Poland.

The sergeant showed exceptional courage and determination during the breakthrough of the enemy’s defensive lines during the crossing of the Narew River in difficult conditions, during the capture of the bridgehead on the right bank and during its defense.

In the battles to expand the bridgehead on the western bank of the Narev River near the village of Mrachki-Kawki, Warsaw Voivodeship, Filatov replaced his platoon commander in battle. Under the leadership of the sergeant, our fighters knocked out the enemy from the fortifications and ensured the advance of the Soviet infantry.

Combining their actions with artillery support, Filatov’s platoon burst into the trenches of the enemy’s first line of defense and destroyed up to a company of enemy soldiers and officers in hand-to-hand combat.

Pursuing the enemy, Soviet soldiers broke into the second line of trenches. The Nazis counterattacked the Soviet fighters with the support of ten tanks and five self-propelled guns. Filatov's platoon, supported by artillery fire, did not leave the occupied lines until reinforcements arrived. Thanks to the tenacity and tenacity of the Soviet soldiers, an important strategic point was occupied, and the enemy left a large amount of equipment and dead soldiers on the battlefield.

The platoon did not lose a single person during the combat mission.

Pankov Boris Nikiforovich

06.08.1896 - 13.05.1974

Hero of the Soviet Union

By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR

for the successful leadership of military formations and the personal courage and heroism of the Guard to Major General

Pankov Boris Nikiforovich

assigned

Title of Hero of the Soviet Union Boris Nikiforovich Pankov - commander of the 88th Guards Rifle Division (8th Guards Army, 1st Belorussian Front), guard major general.

Born on July 25 (August 6), 1896 in the village of 1st Lukino, now Sverdlovsk district, Oryol region, in a peasant family. Russian. Graduated from 7th grade. He worked as a miner.

In the army since 1915. Participant in the First World War as a platoon commander.

In the Red Army since 1920. In 1921-1923 he served in units of the All-Ukrainian Cheka, in 1924 - head of the border post. In 1925 he graduated from the NKVD Higher Border School. Served in the border troops in Transcaucasia. In 1934 he graduated from the advanced training courses for command personnel at the Higher Border School, and until 1937 he was the commander of a training cavalry division at the Higher Border School. Since 1937 - commander of a border regiment in Kazakhstan, served in the Administration of the Kazakhstan Border District.

Participant of the Great Patriotic War since August 1942. During the liberation of Western Ukraine, from August 8, 1943, he commanded the 88th Guards Rifle Division. Skillfully led the division's battle on July 18, 1944, when breaking through the enemy's defenses southwest of the city of Kovel (Volyn region), developing the offensive and crossing the Western Bug River. The division inflicted great damage on the enemy in manpower and equipment. He took part in the battles for the liberation of Zaporozhye, Odessa, the Polish city of Lublin and ended the war in Berlin.

For the successful leadership of military formations and the personal courage and heroism of the guard, Major General Boris Nikiforovich Pankov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on April 6, 1945 with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 5165).

After the war he continued to serve in the army. Since 1947, Major General B.N. Pankov is in reserve. He lived in the city of Kislovodsk, Stavropol Territory, then in the city of Zaporozhye (Ukraine).

Died May 13, 1974. Buried in Zaporozhye at the Kapustyanoye cemetery. Major General (1943). He was awarded two Orders of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov 2nd degree, Kutuzov 2nd degree, Alexander Nevsky, and medals.

Molokov Ivan Konstantinovich

24.02.1917 - 18.10.1977

Hero of the Soviet Union

By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR

for the courage and bravery shown

in the Crimean operation,

senior lieutenant

Molokov

Ivan Konstantinovich

assigned

Hero of the Soviet Union

Molokov Ivan Konstantinovich - commander of a platoon of medium tanks of the 22nd Guards separate tank Melitopol regiment (51st Army, 4th Ukrainian Front), guard senior lieutenant.

Born on February 24, 1917 in the village of Nikitovka, now Sverdlovsk district, Oryol region, into a peasant family. Russian. He graduated from the 7th grade of school at Kurakino station. He worked as a tractor driver at the Zmiev machine and tractor station (MTS) in the Sverdlovsk region. Called up for active service in the army in 1938. Participant in the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939 - 1940.

During the Great Patriotic War in the active army - from June 1941 on the Western Front. In 1943 he graduated from the Saratov Tank School. From September 1943, he fought in the 22nd Separate Guards Tank Regiment on the Southern (from October 20, 1943 - 4th Ukrainian) Front.

Participated as part of the 2nd Guards Army in the Donbass strategic offensive operation (August 13 - September 22, 1943), during which army troops broke through enemy defenses on the Mius River and moved west, crossed the Kalmius River and by the end of the operation reached the Molochnaya River in the Melitopol area.

As part of the 51st Army, he participated in the Melitopol offensive operation (September 26 - November 5, 1943) and the liberation of Melitopol, for which the 22nd Separate Guards Tank Regiment received the name Melitopol.

In the battles for Melitopol from October 17 to October 24, 1943, the crew of Guard Lieutenant I.K. Molokov destroyed 2 tanks, 5 guns, 1 mortar battery, 7 anti-tank rifles, and up to 50 enemy soldiers and officers. Commanding a platoon, I.K. Molokov repelled the counterattack, inflicting great damage on the enemy. He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

From April 8 to May 12, 1944, as part of the 51st Army, he participated in the Crimean offensive operation, during which the army, operating from a bridgehead on the southern bank of the Sivash, broke through the enemy’s defenses, proceeded to pursue his retreating troops and liberated Simferopol on April 13. In mid-April, the main forces of the army entered the battle on the approaches to Sevastopol. On May 9, 1944, the hero city of Sevastopol was liberated with the participation of the 22nd separate tank regiment.

I.K. Molokov distinguished himself at the initial stage of the Crimean operation.

In the period from April 8 to April 10, 1944, when breaking through the enemy’s fortified line in the area of ​​​​the village of Karanki (now does not exist) in the Dzhankoy region, in order to reach our troops on the Crimean Peninsula, he broke through three defensive lines and repelled the enemy’s counterattack. He was the first to break into the village of Tomashovka (Dzhankoy district of Crimea) with his tank platoon. During these battles, he destroyed a large number of enemy firepower and manpower, and 18 soldiers were captured. He received a concussion, but remained in service.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated May 16, 1944, for the courage and bravery shown in the Crimean operation, senior lieutenant Ivan Konstantinovich Molokov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 3658).

In June 1944, the 22nd Guards Tank Regiment was reorganized into the 361st Guards Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment.

After the war, I.K. Molokov continued to serve in the Soviet army. In 1945 he graduated from the Leningrad Military Officer School, and in 1954 from the Leningrad Higher Armored Officer School. Since 1958, Colonel I.K. Molokov has been in reserve. Lived in the city of Grodno (Belarus). Worked in the Grodno City Executive Committee. He was repeatedly elected as a deputy of the city Council of Workers' Deputies.

I remember. I'm proud. And I will bend my knee

At the marble wall... At the Eternal Flame...

And many, like me, will certainly bow down

After all, everyone who died died for me.

A. Pavlogradsky

Russia has endured many wars on its shoulders, and only two of them have gone down in the history of the country as domestic ones, in which our entire people rose to defend the Motherland. The terrible years of the Great Patriotic War are getting further and further from us, but human memory works wonders. The stories of those times are passed down from generation to generation. Here is one of them.

This man lived a very short but remarkably bright life.

Guskov Gabriel was born on March 30, 1923 in the village of Shakhovo, Uritsky district, into the family of a railway worker. In April 1941 he was drafted into the army. He graduated from the famous Kachin Military Aviation Pilot School.

The entire front-line life of Gavriil Guskov was completed in less than nine months: October 26, 1942 - July 17, 1943. During this time, he managed to fight on three fronts as part of two air regiments: Kalinin, North-Western and Bryansk.

The pilot Guskov began to fly and participate in combat missions with determination. The commander signed the first submission for the award to Senior Sergeant Guskov on March 12, 1943, when the pilot already had 39 combat missions and 8 downed enemy aircraft.

The regiment commander, Major Kovalev, highly valued his subordinate: “Comrade Guskov has a wealth of experience, which he skillfully applies in battle and passes on to his comrades. In battle - decisive, resourceful. Despite the superior forces of the enemy, he boldly enters the battle and emerges victorious from the battle.” The regiment commander considered the pilot's merits worthy of being awarded the Order of Lenin. But Gabriel Guskov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. A few months later - the Order of the Red Star.

In April 1943, having received the rank of junior lieutenant, Gavriil Guskov was transferred to the 65th Guards Fighter Regiment and appointed flight commander.

The regiment commander, Lieutenant Colonel Zvorygin, sent a presentation on April 21, 1943: “For 105 sorties on a combat mission, for 10 shot down enemy aircraft, for courage and heroism in air battles with the German occupiers, Gabriel Guskov is worthy of the title “Hero of the Soviet Union” with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and a medal " Golden Star".

The decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on conferring the high rank followed on May 24. At this time, Guard Lieutenant Guskov successfully defeated the enemy already on the Bryansk Front.

On July 17, 1943, five days after the start of the offensive operation Kutuzov, which unfolded on Oryol soil, while carrying out the next mission to cover ground troops over the territory of the Bolkhov region, the flight commander of the 65th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Guard, Lieutenant Gavriil Guskov, died along with three pilots who fell under attack by thirty Nazi planes.

For a long time, he and his comrades, who did not return from a combat mission, were considered missing. In 1964, near the village of Betovo, Bolkhovsky district, at a depth of four meters, the wreckage of a fighter plane with the remains of the pilot inside was found. Based on No. 1011 of the “Gold Star” medal of the deceased pilot, search engines determined that the remains belonged to Hero of the Soviet Union Gavriil Guskov. He was buried with full military honors in the center of the village of Naryshkino, Uritsky district, Oryol region, on his native land.

Spring will come again, the beginning of a new round of life. The holiday of the great Victory will come again. This time is the 71st anniversary of the glorious bright holiday.

May there always be peace on Earth! May the death of the soldiers who died in the fields of our homeland not be in vain!

Every year moves us further and further away from the Great Victory - the victory of life over death, good over evil, humanism over fascism. Time is merciless, it dulls memory, erases faces and events. We must not forget the lessons of the Great Patriotic War, its historical battles, its heroes. At our school, a lot is being done to perpetuate the memory of the great years of those years, to perpetuate the names of the heroes who liberated their native land from the enemy.

The Dolzhansky district occupies not the last place in the history of the Great Patriotic War. During the war years, 8,344 people were mobilized from the region for the war, 2,746 died, 1,739 went missing. 9 people became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

We have someone to be proud of. Born in the village of Baranchik into a peasant family on September 23, 1924 Barkov Sergey Egorovich.

Graduated from junior high school. In 1942, he was called up to serve in the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army by the Dolzhansky District Military Commissariat. He often recalled his meeting with the military commissar, and this was the conversation that took place between them.

In the army there is no word for “want,” the military commissar answered, looking sternly at the young man.

“But I want to,” the restless boy insisted.

The military commissar grinned and said:

Well, if this is the case, you will have to learn a little military literacy... And three months later, Sergei Barkov, in the uniform of a senior sergeant, appeared at the disposal of the unit.

This is where the scout's combat journey began. While in the reconnaissance company, senior sergeant S.E. Barkov proved himself to be a truly brave and savvy intelligence officer. Penetrating behind enemy lines, he successfully coped with the most difficult command tasks.

For the courage shown in the battles on the Oryol-Kursk Bulge, he was awarded the medal "For Courage", and for active participation in the Korsun-Shevchenko offensive operation - the Order of the Red Star. In February and March 1944 alone, Sergei Yegorovich visited behind enemy lines twelve times. During this time, he captured seventy-three fascist soldiers and officers.

In early April, a group of scouts under the command of Senior Sergeant Barkov, taking advantage of inclement weather, quietly made their way to the opposite bank of the Prut River near the village of Trestiana in Romania. In order to more accurately determine the location of the enemy, Sergei Egorovich Barkov changed into civilian clothes and, under the guise of a local resident, entered the village. Having collected the necessary information about the enemy garrison, he tracked down the German officer and began to wait for the right moment. At night, the brave scout silently removed the sentry, broke into the house, tied up the fascist officer, took maps, valuable documents and delivered the “tongue” to the headquarters of his unit.

The prisoner's testimony and his documents helped the division command uncover the enemy's plans. These important data were used in developing the plan for crossing the Prut River.

In 1947, Barkov was demobilized. Lived and worked in Orel. He worked in a locomotive depot as an electrician-operator and as a foreman of motorists. He was awarded the badge "Honorary Railway Worker of the USSR Ministry of Railways."

He was also awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, the Red Star, and medals, including “For Courage.”

The small village of Nizhnee-Olshanoe, Dolzhansky district, raised two worthy defenders of our Motherland: Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov and Alexander Mikhailovich Pikalov.

Tikhon Pavlovich Manankov- Major of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, participant in the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union

After finishing eight grades of school, he worked at a mine in the village of Kadievka (now the city of Stakhanov, Lugansk region of Ukraine).

In 1932, Manankov was drafted into the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. He graduated from the regimental school and advanced training courses for command personnel. Since 1942 - on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. By January 1945, Major Tikhon Manankov commanded the 790th Artillery Regiment of the 250th Infantry Division of the 3rd Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front. He distinguished himself during the liberation of Poland.

On January 14, 1945, Manankov’s regiment carried out massive artillery preparation, thanks to which the division successfully launched an offensive from the Ruzhany bridgehead. Over the next two days of fighting, the regiment destroyed or suppressed the fire of 74 machine guns and 5 anti-tank guns. On January 15, 1945, Manankov died in battle. He was buried at the battle site.

By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 29, 1945, Major Tikhon Manankov was posthumously awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union. He was also awarded the Orders of Lenin, Alexander Nevsky, Patriotic War 1st degree and the Red Star.

A street in Stakhanov is named after Manankov.

Alexander Mikhailovich Pikalov born July 10, 1923 in the village of Nizhne-Olshanoe. Graduated from 7th grade. Before the war, he worked in the mines in the Voroshilovograd (now Lugansk) region. He was drafted into the Red Army in 1939. Completed training at the Stalingrad Tank School.

On the front of the Great Patriotic War since October 1941.

Tank commander of the 13th Guards Tank Brigade, Lieutenant.

On January 16, 1945, while on reconnaissance in the Ivanovits area (north of Krakow, Poland), near the bridge over the Wisłoka River, he entered into battle and destroyed 2 guns, 3 machine guns and a large number of Germans. After the tank was knocked out, the crew from the trench continued the battle. When all the crew members were killed, Pikalov, wounded in both legs, managed to get to headquarters and reported on the completion of the mission.

After the end of the war, Pikalov went into the reserve with the rank of senior lieutenant. He returned to his homeland and worked as a mining foreman at the Ukraine mine in the city of Perevalsk, Voroshilovograd region. Died September 30, 1976

Studying the front-line biography of my fellow countrymen, I came to the deep conviction that heroes were not only those who had this high rank, but also ordinary soldiers who courageously and honestly fulfilled their duty to the Fatherland.

Semyon Nikitovich Borodin worked at our school. Born in the village of Studenoye, Dolzhansky district, Oryol region. Borodin Semyon in early April 1943, at the age of seventeen, was drafted into the ranks of the Soviet Army. In Gorky, he studied for more than a year to become a radio operator-machine gunner of the T-34 tank. He received his first baptism of fire while liberating the city of Borisov. Then he took part in the liberation of Minsk. Near Vilnius, a platoon consisting of three tanks was sent on reconnaissance. Seeing a German column of vehicles with soldiers walking ahead, the tankers opened fire on them. As a result, three enemy guns, two vehicles, and one armored personnel carrier were destroyed, and about thirty Germans were captured. The crew, including S.N. Borodin, was awarded medals “For Courage”.

Of all the battles, the battle of January 3, 1945 was especially memorable for Semyon Nikitovich. The fascist Ferdinand self-propelled gun set fire to the tank in which the young soldier was located. The crew jumped out of the burning car, and Borodin S.N. I lost consciousness and woke up when the left side of my body was already burned. Gathering his last strength, he crawled out of the front hatch and fell on his back on the snow between the tank tracks. It was lucky that the seriously wounded soldier was picked up by another unit and sent to a mobile medical battalion.

He ended the war in Czechoslovakia, liberating Prague from the Nazis. He was awarded the medal “For Victory over Germany.” After the war, he served in Romania for about two years. In March 1947, he was demobilized for health reasons.

Upon returning home, the question arose: where to go to study? Borodin S.N. entered pedagogical school and successfully completed it. Later he graduated from the history department of the Oryol Pedagogical Institute. He worked as a teacher at the Vyshneolshansky secondary school in the Dolzhansky district for about forty years. By his example and front-line experience, he instilled in the younger generation feelings of patriotism and pride for the people who defended the freedom and independence of the country in the war with Nazi Germany.

Even if the war is long over,

But in memory and gold on the slabs

The names of the heroes are written down,

Gone from us, but not forgotten.

The Dolzhanians proved themselves to be brave warriors in battles with the enemy. It is not for nothing that 9 of our fellow countrymen were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.