Presentation on the topic: Military equipment. Summary of the conversation “Military equipment - the protector and assistant of soldiers Machine guns in service with the army

Valentina Khakimova
Lesson summary " Military equipment»

Lesson summary« Military equipment»

for senior preschool age

Target: Expand children's understanding of military equipment of the Russian army.

Tasks:

Familiarize yourself with different types military equipment.

Cultivate a sense of patriotism, the desire to defend their homeland.

Get to know different branches of the military (infantry, naval, air).

preliminary work: Excursion to the museum of military glory.

materials: Recording a song about Soviet army, paintings from military equipment.

caregiver Q: What is this song about?

Children: children's answers

caregiver: What do you think our class?

Children: children's answers

caregiver: Guess puzzles:

1. She wore a girl's name

And mowed down the enemy with fire,

Destroying the enemy's plans,

legendary (Katyusha)

Children: children's answers

2. The turtle is crawling

steel shirt,

The enemy is in the ravine

And she's where the enemy is.

(tank)

Children: children's answers

3. You can become a sailor,

To protect the border

And serve not on earth

And on military ...

(ship)

Children: children's answers

4. Will float boldly in the sky,

I overtake birds in flight.

Man controls it

What's happened?.

(airplane)

Children: children's answers

5. I take off without acceleration,

I remember the dragonfly.

Takes flight

Our Russian...

(helicopter)

Children: children's answers

6. By water, an iron whale,

The whale does not sleep day and night.

Day and night on the water

Keeps our peace.

(Submarine)

Children: children's answers

caregiver: Well done guys, you guessed all the riddles!

How can one word name: tank, helicopter, plane, ship, submarine, Katyusha?

Children: children's answers

caregiver: Right! All this military equipment.

And why is it needed in our peacetime?

Children: children's answers

caregiver: Do you want to become defenders of the fatherland?

Children: children's answers

caregiver: What should be the defenders of the fatherland?

Children: children's answers

caregiver: In a word, heroes!

Let us become heroes!

Phys. minute:

We are now rich

We raise our hands up

We are marching to the outpost.

heroic outpost,

Looking left, looking right

Not in the seas, not in the skies

The enemy will not be missed.

We walk together in step

Let the enemy get out of the way!

caregiver: And now I'll tell you about different types troops.

Infantry - the main branch of the army in the ground forces, armed forces states. The infantry is designed to conduct combat operations on foot (on its own legs, it is the most ancient and massive branch of the military.

Naval Forces(abbreviated Navy, in a number of states - Navy) - a type of armed forces of many countries, designed primarily to solve problems in the ocean and sea territories.

Air Force(fleet) (Air Force, VVF)- type of armed forces (Sun) a state whose functions include fighting the enemy in space, airspace, on the ground, on the surface of the sea and under water, as well as transporting troops, delivering property and weapons, aerial reconnaissance, weather reconnaissance using aircraft

caregiver: Now you know what types of armed forces there are. And now I suggest you play the game. You need to correlate the type of troops with the type military equipment.

Outcome classes: caregiver: Did you like our class?

Children: children's answers

caregiver: What did you like the most?

Children: children's answers

caregiver: What new and interesting things did you learn?

Children: children's answers

We offer you an educational presentation for children preparatory group. The presentation “For children about the military branches of Russia” is aimed at getting to know the military branches of our homeland and the formation of moral and patriotic feelings among preschoolers.

Educational presentation "For children about the military branches of Russia" for older preschoolers

Presentation progress

slide 2, 3.

Our Army is strong and invincible because it defends the homeland on land, in the sea and in the sky. Types of the armed forces of the Russian Federation: ground forces, navy and aerospace forces.

slide 4.

Ground forces repel enemy attacks from the ground. These include: infantry, tank troops, artillery (rocket troops).

Slide 5.

The infantry is the most ancient and massive branch of the military; it is intended for combat operations on foot (on foot). Today the infantry can use motorized transport and modern weapons: rifles, machine guns, anti-tank grenade launchers, armored vehicles with automatic guns.

slide 6.

basis tank troops make up tank brigades and tank battalions of motorized rifle brigades. They are very mobile and powerful, their main task is active combat operations day and night, at a considerable distance from other troops, defeating the enemy in head-on battles and battles, shooting at long distances.

Slide 7.

The missile troops are armed with modern missiles that shoot very far and accurately. They are located on mobile platforms, so they can fly from any part of the country. Cannons or cannon systems are also located on mobile platforms to protect ground forces from air attack. Russian artillery stands firmly in defense of the Motherland.

slide 8.

The navy is repelling the enemy from the sea, guarding the maritime borders of our state. It includes: submarine forces, naval aviation, marines and surface forces.

slide 9.

While under water, missile and torpedo submarines capable of inflicting blows on the enemy unnoticed. Captains, sailors and divers serve on the submarine, and meals are prepared for them by coki (chefs in the navy).

slide 10.

These are huge platforms (aircraft carriers) in the ocean, on which several military aircraft can be placed at once. Aircraft of the naval forces are used to destroy the surface fleet of the enemy, as well as to collect intelligence information. Being on the water, they boldly stand guard over Russia.

Slide 11.

The Russian Navy has many large, modern ships at its disposal. Their tasks include the destruction of enemy forces on the high seas and on the coast. Marines land on the shore and fight on land. Victory over the enemy depends on their preparedness and strength.

slide 12.

The task of the air force (aerospace forces) is to ensure the security and protection of the country's territorial interests in the air. In addition, they are called upon to protect the administrative, industrial and economic centers of Russia. Their purpose is to protect other troops and ensure the success of operations. With their help, aerial reconnaissance, landing and defeat of enemy positions are carried out. They include: aviation, space troops, radio engineering and special troops.

slide 13.

The purpose of military transport aviation is to deliver cargo and troops to the landing site. Moreover, food with medicines, and military equipment can act as cargo. Provides air support ground forces during any combat operations and destroy enemy aircraft in the air.

slide 14.

Even in space there are Russian troops capable of ensuring the security of our country. Spaceships can prevent missile attacks and monitor important objects. Space defense forces are located throughout Russia at modern spaceports.

slide 15.

Without them, it is impossible to collect enough information about the enemy. Radio engineering troops conduct reconnaissance and monitor the movement of all aircraft in the sky over Russia. They use large radars to determine where the enemy is, how fast and where they are moving.

slide 16.

Let's remember which troops defend our homeland on land? In the sea? In outer space?

What do the military use for reconnaissance? What weapons do infantrymen use? Why can we be proud of the Russian army?

slide 17.

In the armed forces Russian Federation a lot of people are working to ensure peace and order in our country.

TELL THEM A BIG THANK YOU!

Conclusion

After watching the presentation, you can invite the children to make.

Patriotic education of a child is the basis for the formation of a future citizen. Patriotic feeling does not arise by itself. This is the result of a long purposeful educational process, starting from the very beginning. early age. More classic teachers, such as Ya.A. Kamensky, A.S. Makarenko, V.A. Sukhomlinsky in their writings raised the topic of patriotic education. L.N. Tolstoy, K.D. Ushinsky believed that it was necessary to start instilling patriotism in children from preschool age.

Historically, love for the Motherland, patriotism in the Russian state at all times have been a feature of the national character. But due to recent changes, the loss of traditional Russian patriotic consciousness by our society has become more and more noticeable.

If earlier we glorified service in the army, and everyone dreamed of growing up a true defender of the fatherland, now the priorities have changed somewhat.

For the current generation of young and relatively young parents, the issues of patriotism education are associated with handicrafts that were mastered in kindergarten and school.

In this regard, the urgency of solving the most acute problems of instilling patriotism in work with children of preschool age is obvious. How to teach a child to always love relatives and friends, to treat their homeland with care and love, to feel pride in their people, is a very difficult task. At present, this work is relevant and especially difficult, it requires great tact and patience, since in young families the issues of education of patriotism and citizenship are not considered important and often cause only bewilderment.

One of the most important directions in overcoming the lack of spirituality of a significant part of society is the patriotic upbringing and education of children. Introducing preschoolers to the defenders of the Fatherland, with history, we instill in them feelings of pride and love for their Motherland.

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Slides captions:

Project "Military equipment" senior group№11 Prepared by: Kravchenko I.V. Educator without category. Syktyvkar, 2016 MADOU "Kindergarten No. 92 of a general developmental type"

Project type: By composition of participants: Group (children, parents, teachers) By target setting: Information View project Creative-cognitive Age of children 5-6 years old (senior group) Duration of the project: Short-term, 1 week. Project participants: Children, parents, educators.

Relevance: If earlier we glorified service in the army, and everyone dreamed of growing up a truly defender of the fatherland, now the priorities have changed somewhat. For the current generation of young and relatively young parents, the issues of raising patriotism are associated with crafts that were mastered in kindergarten and school. In this regard, the urgency of solving the most acute problems of instilling patriotism in work with children of preschool age is obvious. How to teach a child to always love relatives and friends, to treat their homeland with care and love, to feel pride in their people, is a very difficult task. At present, this work is relevant and especially difficult, it requires great tact and patience, since in young families the issues of education of patriotism and citizenship are not considered important and often cause only bewilderment.

The purpose of the project: Moral and patriotic education of children based on the study of military equipment and acquaintance with the Russian Army. Project objectives: To expand children's knowledge about military equipment, about people in military professions. To promote the development of cognitive research and productive (constructive) activities. To organize cooperation of children, parents, educators in the joint development of this topic. Cultivate a sense of love and respect for Russian Army.

Expected result: Children: They will gain knowledge about military equipment, will be able to depict them in their creative activities, will know about people of military professions, about the Russian Army. Parents: Together with the children, they will build models of military equipment; Will be active participants in the educational process. Educators: Creation of a series of conversations about military equipment; Creation of a mini-exhibition of military equipment; Bring the family closer to kindergarten.

Lesson on the application "Military Truck"

Drawing lessons "Tank", "Warship"

Design lesson "Armored personnel carrier"

We built equipment from designers

Played mobile, didactic, role-playing games

Created a mini-exhibition of military equipment

Thank you for your attention!

1 slide

2 slide

Our military equipment caused fear and panic among the enemies. On the ground, fear was inspired by the legendary T-34 (and later T-34-85), which had no equal on the battlefield. In the Battle of Kursk, the Katyushas swept away the fascist formations, which were ready to rush into the attack. And in the air, the Nazi vultures were rammed by our Il-2, which the Nazis called the "Black Death". This technique brought us victory in a bloody war.

3 slide

The steam locomotive of the Eu series of medium power is designed to serve passenger and freight trains. Steam locomotives of this series were distinguished by their power and reliability, the ability to work on any type of fuel. It was this locomotive that was destined to become the main front-line steam locomotive. Weight 85t

4 slide

The weapon is relatively simple, consisting of guide rails and their guidance device. For aiming, swivel and lifting mechanisms and an artillery sight were provided. At the rear of the car were two jacks, providing greater stability when firing. The rocket was a welded cylinder, divided into three compartments - warhead, fuel and jet nozzle. One machine contained from 14 to 48 guides. The RS-132 projectile for installing the BM-13 was 1.8 m long, 132 mm in diameter and weighed 42.5 kg.

5 slide

On the eve of the war, rifle troops were equipped with automatic weapons. Designers V.A. Degtyarev, F.V. Tokarev, S.G. Simonov, G.S. Shpagin and others in the prewar years created different kinds automatic weapons: self-loading rifles (SVT), light and anti-aircraft machine guns, submachine gun (PPD and PPSh). To the beginning of the Great Patriotic War firepower rifle battalion was about 15980 rounds per minute. This significantly increased the firepower of the infantry troops.

6 slide

In the early 1930s, Soviet gunsmiths developed a potentially new individual automatic melee weapon that combined fighting qualities pistol (light weight, portability) and machine gun (high firepower). Prototypes of machine guns were made, the best of which was recognized as the Degtyarev submachine gun (PPD).

7 slide

The 152-mm cannon of the 1935 model was designed by a group of engineers led by I.I. Ivanov. She successfully withstood field tests in 1936 and was put into service. This long-range gun, capable of sending a projectile over a distance of almost 26 km, was used in the artillery units of the High Command.

8 slide

In 1938, a group of designers led by F.F. Petrov created a 122-mm howitzer, which, in its design, was one of the simplest domestic artillery systems. The howitzer proved itself well during the Great Patriotic War. She successfully suppressed and destroyed enemy manpower and firepower both in open areas and in shelters, destroyed field-type structures and fought artillery and even tanks.

9 slide

During the Second World War, the 25 mm automatic anti-aircraft gun It was widely used by Red Army units to fight aircraft at ranges up to 2400 m and at altitudes up to 2000 m. If necessary, it could also fire at light tanks and armored vehicles.

10 slide

The Soviet 57-mm anti-tank gun ZIS-2 was successfully used during the Great Patriotic War to fight enemy tanks and armored vehicles. According to its characteristics, it had no equal among the small-caliber anti-tank artillery: at initial speed 700 m / s, its projectile at a distance of 500 m pierced armor 100 mm thick.

11 slide

In 1942, the Soviet Union developed a new 300 mm M-30 rocket projectile designed to destroy enemy fortifications in the front line. A powerful over-caliber warhead weighing about 29 kg was joined by a rocket engine from the M-13 projectile. The aerodynamic qualities of the M-30 were unsatisfactory, which adversely affected the range and accuracy of fire, but they were largely offset by the much greater destructive power of the new projectile. The launch of the M-30 was made from ordinary transport wooden closures. Four or eight of these boxes were placed on a metal frame with removable racks in the front to adjust the elevation angle and coulters to stop in the rear. Launcher M-30

12 slide

The first Soviet 82-mm mortar was developed in 1934 and two years later was put into service under the designation "82-mm battalion mortar mod. 1936. It was a smooth pipe with a biped, resting on a massive slab. A shock absorber, lifting and turning mechanisms and a sight were located on the biped. A feathered mine for firing a shot fell into the barrel of a mortar and, under the influence of its own weight, was pricked with a primer on the firing pin in the breech. The charge of the mine, ignited at the same time, threw it out of the barrel. To increase the firing range between the wings of the tail of the mine, additional charges were invested.

13 slide

To partially replace divisional howitzers in 1940, the GAU announced a competition for the creation of a cheaper 160-mm mortar designed to destroy enemy fortifications at a short firing range. A year later, two prototypes of the mortar developed by the design bureaus of I.G. Teverovsky and B.I. Shavyrin. According to the test results, preference was given to the Teverovsky system, after appropriate modifications, it was put into service under the designation "160-mm mortar mod. 1943".

14 slide

At the end of 1942 Soviet troops switched to offensive operations and to support the formations, a fairly maneuverable 152-mm hull howitzer with a relatively low weight was required. Its development was entrusted to the design bureau under the leadership of F.F. Petrov. They took the barrel from a 152-mm howitzer mod. 1938 (M-10), and put it on the carriage of the 122-mm M-30 divisional howitzer. Thus, just 18 days after the start of work, the new gun under the designation D-1 successfully passed field tests, and then military tests. It was quite light for its class, and the suspension mechanism allowed it to be towed at speeds up to 40 km/h.

15 slide

The development of a 50-mm company mortar was started in the Design Bureau of Plant No. 7 at the beginning of 1937. During the year, several prototype mortars were tested. The 50-mm company mortar arr. 1938 was adopted in 1938. Its serial production began in 1939. During the year, 1720 mortars were manufactured. For the I-III quarters of 1940, eleven factories were given a plan for 23105 50-mm mortars mod. 1938, by August 1, 1940, 18,994 mortars were manufactured at a price of 3,600 rubles. a piece.

16 slide

The mortar is assembled according to a blind scheme (all parts of the mortar are mounted on a base plate) and equipped with a remote valve with gas outlet upwards. Mortar plate stamp-welded membrane type. Three coulters were attached to the plate. The mortar carriage consisted of two parts: the lower one, connected to the bearing plate and rotating around the bearing, and the upper one, swinging around the swivel with the lower part of the carriage.

17 slide

The barrel of the 280-mm mortar Br-5 was developed at the Barrikady plant under the leadership of Ivanov. Although the Br-5 mortar was not debugged, the Barricades plant launched it into gross production. In total, 20 mortars were delivered in 1939 and another 25 in 1940. In 1941, not a single 280-mm mortar was handed over. After the start of World War II, Br-5 mortars were not produced.

18 slide

76.2 mm regimental gun mod. 1927 was widely used during military conflicts on the CER, near Lake Khasan and on the Khalkhin-Gol River, as well as in the first period of the Great Patriotic War. However, for offensive operations, the infantry of the Red Army needed a lighter gun with an increased sector of horizontal fire to deal with moving targets. The project of a new regimental gun was developed at the plant in Motovilikha by engineers led by M. Tsirulnikov. They used the already tried and tested method, laying the barrel of the old "colonel" on a 45-mm carriage anti-tank gun arr. 1942. Thus, the gun's horizontal aiming angle was increased to 60 ° due to the use of sliding beds.

19 slide

During the Great Patriotic War, the 37-mm cannon of the 1939 model was the main anti-aircraft gun Red Army to protect ground troops from attacks by low-flying enemy aircraft. Anti-aircraft guns, depending on the situation, were also used in battles with enemy armored vehicles. The 37-mm anti-aircraft gun with the factory index 31-K was developed in 1938 at the plant. Kalinin under the leadership of the chief designer M.N. Loginova. A prototype machine entered the test in October of the same year and showed pretty good results.

1 of 20

Presentation on the topic: Military equipment

slide number 1

Description of the slide:

slide number 2

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slide number 3

Description of the slide:

Steam locomotive of the Eu series Steam locomotive of the Eu series of medium power, designed to service passenger and freight trains. Steam locomotives of this series were distinguished by their power and reliability, the ability to work on any type of fuel. It was this locomotive that was destined to become the main front-line steam locomotive. Weight 85t

slide number 4

Description of the slide:

Katyusha The weapon is relatively simple, consisting of guide rails and their guidance device. For aiming, swivel and lifting mechanisms and an artillery sight were provided. There were two jacks in the rear of the car, which ensured greater stability when firing. The rocket was a welded cylinder, divided into three compartments - a warhead, fuel and jet nozzle. One machine contained from 14 to 48 guides. The RS-132 projectile for installing the BM-13 was 1.8 m long, 132 mm in diameter and weighed 42.5 kg.

slide number 5

Description of the slide:

On the eve of the war, rifle troops were equipped with automatic weapons. Designers V.A. Degtyarev, F.V. Tokarev, S.G. Simonov, G.S. Shpagin and others in the prewar years created various types of automatic weapons: self-loading rifles (SVT), light and anti-aircraft machine guns, submachine gun ( PPD and PPSh). By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the firepower of the rifle battalion was about 15,980 rounds per minute. This significantly increased the firepower of the infantry troops.

slide number 6

Description of the slide:

In the early 1930s, Soviet gunsmiths developed a potentially new individual automatic melee weapon that combined the fighting qualities of a pistol (light weight, portability) and a machine gun (high firepower). Prototypes of machine guns were made, the best of which was recognized as the Degtyarev submachine gun (PPD).

slide number 7

Description of the slide:

slide number 8

Description of the slide:

slide number 9

Description of the slide:

During the Second World War, the 25-mm automatic anti-aircraft gun was widely used by the Red Army to fight aircraft at ranges up to 2400 m and at altitudes up to 2000 m. If necessary, it could also fire at light tanks and armored vehicles.

slide number 10

Description of the slide:

The Soviet 57-mm anti-tank gun ZIS-2 was successfully used during the Great Patriotic War to fight enemy tanks and armored vehicles. According to its characteristics, it had no equal among small-caliber anti-tank artillery: at an initial speed of 700 m / s, its projectile pierced armor 100 mm thick at a distance of 500 m.

slide number 11

Description of the slide:

slide number 12

Description of the slide:

slide number 13

Description of the slide:

slide number 14

Description of the slide:

At the end of 1942, the Soviet troops switched to offensive operations, and a fairly maneuverable 152-mm corps howitzer with a relatively light weight was required to support the formations. Its development was entrusted to the design bureau under the leadership of F.F. Petrov. They took the barrel from a 152-mm howitzer mod. 1938 (M-10), and put it on the carriage of the 122-mm M-30 divisional howitzer. Thus, just 18 days after the start of work, the new gun under the designation D-1 successfully passed field tests, and then military tests. It was quite light for its class, and the suspension mechanism allowed it to be towed at speeds up to 40 km/h.

slide number 15

Description of the slide:

slide number 16

Description of the slide:

76.2 mm regimental gun mod. 1927 was widely used during military conflicts on the CER, near Lake Khasan and on the Khalkhin-Gol River, as well as in the first period of the Great Patriotic War. However, for offensive operations, the infantry of the Red Army needed a lighter gun with an increased sector of horizontal fire to deal with moving targets. The project of a new regimental gun was developed at the plant in Motovilikha by engineers led by M. Tsirulnikov. They used a method that had already been tried many times, laying the barrel of the old "colonel" on the carriage of a 45-mm anti-tank gun mod. 1942. Thus, the gun's horizontal aiming angle was increased to 60 ° due to the use of sliding beds.

slide number 19

Description of the slide:

During the Great Patriotic War, the 37-mm cannon of the 1939 model was the main anti-aircraft gun of the Red Army to protect ground troops from attacks by low-flying enemy aircraft. Anti-aircraft guns, depending on the situation, were also used in battles with enemy armored vehicles. The 37-mm anti-aircraft gun with the factory index 31-K was developed in 1938 at the plant. Kalinin under the leadership of the chief designer M.N. Loginova. A prototype machine entered the test in October of the same year and showed pretty good results.