Test on the topic of natural communities. Biology test “Natural communities. Who are called “live filters”
9. Layering is: a) the coexistence of organisms of different species;
Task 2. Define the concepts: layering, temporary natural community, meadow.
Task 3. Write down the numbers of the correct statements.
1. Plant community – a natural collection of plants.
3. The first tier in the community is represented everywhere by trees.
4. The city park is called “agrocenosis”.
Task 4. What is the significance of autotrophs in the natural community? What are the consequences of their disappearance?
Task 5. Why don't the leaves that fall every year accumulate in the forest?
Test on the topic: “Natural communities” Option 2.
Task 1. Choose one correct answer
- Life on Earth is impossible without plants, because... They:
a) living organisms; b) breathe, eat, grow. c) release oxygen;
d) form organic matter.
2. The plant organism is affected by:
a) only inanimate nature; b) only other living organisms;
c) living and inanimate nature; d) only a person.
3. Change plant communities occurs under the influence of:
a) change of seasons; b) climate change;
c) non-simultaneous development of plants; d) human activity.
4. Science studies the relationship of living organisms with the environment:
a) geography; b) ecology; c) phenology; d) biology.
5. Habitat is: a) living and inanimate nature that affects plants;
b) only light; c) only water; d) predators.
6. Pine occupies the upper tier because:
a) loves the shade; b) moisture-loving; c) loves light; d) drought resistant.
7. In a dark forest, many plants have light flowers because they:
a) visible to insects; b) visible to people; c) decorate the forest; d) grow on fertile soil.
8. During the process of metabolism, the plant:
a) only receives substances from the environment; b) receives some substances and releases others;
c) only releases substances into environment; d) moves nutrients along the stem.
9. Layering is: a) the coexistence of organisms of different species;
b) the use of some plants by others as a support;
c) symbiotic relationships between organisms;
d) division of the plant community into horizontal layers.
Task 2. Define the concepts: phytocenosis, indigenous natural community, agrocenosis.
Task 3.Write down the numbers of the correct statements.
1. Plants of different tiers live in different conditions.
2. The plant community is part of the biogeocenosis.
3. A change in the plant community is its overgrowing.
4. Plant height is an important characteristic of each tier.
5.Field and garden are agrocenoses.
6. Swamps and meadows are natural plant communities.
7. All natural communities are stable.
Task 4. What is the significance of heterotrophic transformers in the natural community? What are the consequences of their disappearance?
Task 5.Why don’t we find the Colorado potato beetle in the fields where wheat grows?
We haven’t expressed our thanks yet...
Environmental factors acting on the body.
biotic
abiotic
both answers are correct
What effect does light have on a plant?
growth, flowering, fruiting
seed germination
both answers are correct
Light - environmental factor, which determines the life of plants, most of which are photoautotrophic. The radiant energy of the Sun is a prerequisite for earthly life. Sunlight regulates the growth and development of plants and can also have damaging effects. Light is one of the most important factors in life green plant, since it is a source of energy in the process of photosynthesis. It also affects other functions of the plant organism - its growth, flowering, fruiting, as well as on seed germination. The attitude of plants to light is different; on this basis, three groups are distinguished: light-loving, shade-loving and shade-tolerant.
The influence of living organisms on plants.
animals eat, pollinate
darken, use as a support
both answers are correct
Animals feed on plants, pollinate them, distribute fruits and seeds. Large plants can shade young, small. Some plants use others for support. Microorganisms, decomposing plant residues enrich the soil with humus and minerals.
The influence of plants on the environment.
change the composition of air and soil
stabilize and protect the soil from destruction
both answers are correct
Plants change the composition of the air: moisturize it absorbs carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. Change soil composition- absorb some substances from it and release others into it. Plant root systems fix the slopes ravines, hills, river valleys, protecting soils from destruction. Forest plantings protect the fields from dry winds.
Characteristic features of light-loving plants.
light affects plant shape
light affects the color of the plant: stem, leaf
both answers are correct
Light-loving plants live only in open areas illuminated by the sun, where vegetation cover is quite sparse. Light has a big impact influence on plant shape. Growing in open areas, as a rule, they are low, branched, with a wide crown. Light-loving plants have a characteristic leaf structure. They are usually small, dense, with shiny thick skin and numerous stomata. Many plants have leaves covered with a waxy coating or hairs, which protects them from direct exposure to sunlight. Well developed mechanical fabrics and root system.
Characteristics of shade-loving plants.
poorly developed mechanical and conductive tissues
leaf blades are fragile and thin. Stomata on the upper and lower sides of the leaf
both answers are correct
Characteristic features of aquatic plants.
small body surface
powerful root system
there is no right answer
Most plants living in water have a very large body surface. They absorb water and substances dissolved in it over the entire surface of the body, and therefore the root system is poorly developed and sometimes completely absent. There are no stomata on underwater leaves.
Types of plant communities.
forests, meadows, swamps
steppes, tundra
both answers are correct
Vegetation is the totality of plant communities that exist in a certain area. Depending on the predominance of certain species and living conditions, plant communities are combined into large groups. Each type of vegetation has its own character traits, by which it can be distinguished from others. Meadows and steppes- these are thickets of grass knee-high, waist-high, or taller than human height. Some meadow and steppe grasses go from germination to fruiting and death in one season, others in two, and still others live for years and decades. Swamps are called communities of plants that are partially submerged in water and partially protruding from it. They are formed by grasses, sedges, mosses, and shrubs. Plants tundra develop very slowly. Tundra plants, as a rule, are low-growing - the snow covers and bends them down. IN deserts where it rains every year, communities of ephemerals develop. After spring rains, plants cover the soil with a carpet and in 3-8 weeks they manage to grow and bear fruit, and perennials also have time to stock up. nutrients. The size of ephemerals depends on moisture content - plants that in moisture-rich years reach a size of 30-39 cm, and in dry years grow up to 3-4 cm. Some types of desert plants have small, almost imperceptible leaves or do without them at all - photosynthesis is carried out by stems . Other plants have large leaves in the wet season and small ones in the dry season.
Life forms of plants that make up a deciduous forest.
first tier: oak, linden, birch
first tier: grass, bird cherry
first tier: grasses and ferns
Plant communities do not arise by chance: they develop gradually over many millennia. As a result different types plants in a community adapt to living together. Layering is most clearly expressed in forest communities. In a deciduous forest, oaks, lindens, birches and other large trees form the first upper tier.
Natural changes in plant communities can be caused...
climate change
soil composition or structure; the vital activity of the plants themselves
both answers are correct
Natural changes in plant communities can be caused by changes in climate, soil composition or structure, and the vital activity of the plants themselves. Under the influence of these reasons, some plants may appear in a community, while others may disappear. IN forest communities There is also a change in vegetation. Shade-tolerant spruce trees grow beautifully under the canopy of a birch forest. Years go by. The spruce grows and occupies the upper tier of the forest. Old birch trees are dying. But young light-loving birches cannot survive - there is too little light for them under the spruce crowns. Gradually there is a change in vegetation in the lower tier. Thus, the birch forest is replaced by spruce forest.
The ancestors of the kingdom of green plants.
unicellular algae
bacteria
lichens
Screening test on the topic “Natural communities”
Students______3rd grade___________________________
1.What is a natural community?
a) a complex unity of living and inanimate nature;
b) unity of plants, animals, people;
c) water, air, minerals, soil;
d) trees, shrubs, mushrooms, herbs.
2.What does not apply to natural communities?
a) forest; b) meadow; c) soil; d) pond.
3. What natural community are we talking about?
Shrubs and herbaceous plants grow here, and many animals live here. There are also mushrooms here.
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
A wonderful carpet of herbs spread around. Butterflies flutter silently over the flowers, bees and bumblebees hum.
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
This is an amazing house, inhabited by numerous residents who have adapted to life in or near the water.
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
4. The main plants of the forest.
5. The main plants of the meadow.
a) bushes; b) trees; c) herbs; d) algae.
6. Which natural community do these inhabitants belong to?
Blueberry, yarrow, quail, filly
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
Arrowhead, beaver, reed, reel
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
Weasel, euonymus, slug, thrush
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
7. Who are called “live filters”?
a) crayfish; b) toothless; c) pike; d) newts
8. What are we talking about: from the soil into plants, from plants into the bodies of animals, and with the remains of plants and animals back into the soil?
a) power circuit; b) the water cycle in nature; c) cycle of substances.
9. The main participant in the cycle of substances?
a) mushrooms; b) animals; c) bacteria; d) plants.
10. Helps bacteria in the circulation of substances.
a) moles; b) mushrooms; c) leeches; d) beetles.
"Natural Communities"
1.
2.
3. Label the tiers of the forest
Red-haired cheat with pointed ears and a long tail, the hunter of birds and mice is __________________________________.
5. List the types of reservoirs:
6. Complete the sentences:
_____________________________________________________ grow in the forest, and _________________________________________________ in the meadow. All insects have notches on their bodies and have 6 legs. An ant has notches on its body, which means it is _____________________________________.
7. What natural community?we are talking. Emphasizecorrect answer.
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
Last name, first name________________________________________________
Verification work around the world
"Natural Communities"
1. Living things live in one place and are connected to each other. Such a union of living beings is called _________
_______________________________________________________
2. What is not true of natural communities?
a) forest; b) meadow; c) soil; d) pond.
3. Label the tiers of the forest
4. Find out the animal by description:
A small animal with a long thin tail feeds in the field all summer and autumn, and hides grain in underground holes for the winter - this is ________.
5. List the types of reservoirs: _____________________________________________________.
6. Complete the sentences:
_____________________________________________________ grow in the forest, and ___________________________________________________ in the meadow. All insects have notches on their bodies and have 6 legs. An ant has notches on its body, which means it is __________________________________________.
They call him the doctor of the forest, he saves trees from insects ________.
7. What natural community are we talking about? Underline the correct answer.
Shrubs and herbaceous plants grow here, and many animals live here. There are also mushrooms here.
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
A wonderful carpet of herbs spread around. Butterflies flutter silently above the flowers, bees and bumblebees hum:
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
Peas, beans, peanuts - _____________________________________
| Starfish |
10.
List the fruit crops that grow in the garden: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
A wonderful carpet of herbs spread around. Butterflies flutter silently over the flowers, bees and bumblebees hum:
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
This is an amazing house, inhabited by numerous residents who have adapted to life in or near the water:
a) forest; b) meadow; c) pond.
8. Write down the names of groups of field crops:
Wheat, rye, buckwheat, rice, corn - _______________________
Peas, beans, peanuts - _____________________________________________
Pumpkin, cabbage, potatoes, eggplant, carrots - _________________
Sunflower - _____________________________________________________
Linen, cotton - ___________________________________________
9. Connect with arrows the habitat with animals and plants:
| Starfish |
10. A plot of land occupied by fruit crops is __________.
List the fruit crops that grow in the garden:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Option 1. 1. Indicate a group that contains only meadow plants. A) Wormwood, feather grass, peony. B) Timothy, clover, yarrow, dandelion. C) Lingonberries, blueberries, raspberries. 2. Indicate a group that contains only grassland animals. A) Hazel grouse, capercaillie, sable, squirrel. B) Filly, quail, owl, swan. B) Grasshopper, wagtail, bumblebee, mouse. 3. Indicate the group in which the plants of the lake are correctly named. A) Cattail, reed, reed. B) Bluebell, cornflower, chamomile. C) Oats, fescue, wormwood. 4. Indicate the group in which the animals of the lake are correctly named. A) Ducks, herons, storks. B) Seagulls, wagtails, black grouse. B) Swans, owls, eagles. 5. Indicate the group that correctly provides examples of natural bodies of water. A) Rivers, seas, lakes, streams. B) Rivers, seas, oceans. B) Canals, ponds, reservoirs. 6. Which of the power circuits is indicated correctly? A) Lark - cornflower - grasshopper. B) Reed - mosquito - frog - otter. B) Hare - fox - elk. 7.Which group can a food chain be made from? A) Fox, woodpecker, raspberry. B) Oak, wolf, boar. B) Eagle, rye, owl. a) Cabbage – caterpillar - ………………………….. – eagle; b) Algae - ………………………….. – pike. 9. There is a mistake in the text. Find her. The tall, thick rye on the field is a forest of its own. Birds and animals live here. During the day, hen harriers fly over the field, looking for mice and hamsters. Closer to night, some shadows are visible above the rye. The owls flew out to hunt. All night long they will catch mice and voles. But in the rye there live many small animals that are worse than rodents. These are insects - pests of the field: slugs, aphids, earthworms, caterpillars. But grains have friends who protect them. These are insectivorous animals: shrews, hedgehogs, insectivorous birds. Oak, pike, crossbill, timothy, grasshopper, aspen, bark beetle, water strider, bumblebee, strawberry, duckweed, fox, shrew, cedar, clover.
Option 2. 1. Indicate a line in which only insects of the meadow are indicated. A) Bees, bumblebees, butterflies, fillies. B) Mosquitoes, dragonflies, swimming beetles. C) May beetles, bark beetles, caterpillars. 2.What meadow plants are harvested for domestic animal feed? A) Chamomile, cornflower, buttercup. B) Bluegrass, timothy, clover. B) Bell, reed, water lily. 3. Indicate the line in which the animals of the lake are correctly named. A) Crayfish, perches, seals, heron. B) Pond fish, toothless fish, dragonfly, hedgehog. B) Water striders, otters, frogs, mollusks. 4. Indicate the line that correctly names the plants of the reservoir that are attached to the bottom. A) Sedge, green algae, arrowhead. B) Capsule, water lily, reed. C) Reed, cattail, duckweed. 5. Indicate the line that correctly gives examples of artificial reservoirs. A) Seas, rivers, lakes. B) Canals, streams, rivers. C) Reservoirs, ponds, canals. 6. Which group can be used to make up a food chain? A) Bear, honey, bee. B) Pike, algae, roach. B) Rye, grasshopper, mouse. 7. Which of the power circuits is indicated correctly? A) Rye - mouse - snake - eagle. B) Pine – woodpecker – bark beetle. C) Slugs - cabbage - toad. 8. Insert the missing link in the power chain: a) cabbage – ……………… - ladybug; b) cattail - ……………………… - frog - heron. 9. There was an error in the text. Find her. At the very shores of the lake rise slender thickets of cattails with dark brown ears on the tops of the stems. Not far from him, a reed sways with its thick panicles of dark purple spikelets. Here you can also see a cluster of reeds and bluegrass. The water lily is easily recognizable by its large white flowers and round shiny leaves. In summer, the surface of the lake is covered with duckweed. Dragonflies grab flies, mosquitoes and other insects in flight. The water strider bug glides easily along a smooth water surface. The swimming beetle eats tadpoles and fish fry. Error: 10. Distribute representatives of wildlife into groups (communities). Name them. Bee, cuckoo, birch, frog, fox, timothy, squirrel, spruce, reed, perch, cattail, grasshopper, clover, mole.