Genre of the work: Comedy-ballet

Year of writing: 1670. The play was commissioned to Molière by King Louis XIV of France. The king received a Turkish delegation, but the head of the delegation turned out to be a deceiver who had nothing to do with the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. The frustrated king instructed Molière to write a play that would ridicule the Turkish ambassadors.

Place and time of action: The action of the play takes place in France, in the possessions of a wealthy tradesman, Mr. Jourdain. The time of action is approximately the second half of the seventeenth century, contemporary to Molière.

Main heroes:

Monsieur Jourdain is a wealthy tradesman, a self-satisfied, gullible man, greedy for flattery. He strives to be an aristocrat, strives to imitate the nobility, although he is not very good at it.

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Madame Jourdain is the wife of Mr. Jourdain. She does not approve of her husband's zeal, is pleased with her position and does not understand the desire to receive a title of nobility. A loving mother who respects the interests of her daughter.

Lucille - the daughter of Mr. Jourdain, a calm young girl in love with Cleont

Cleont is a decent young man from an humble family, in love with the daughter of Lord Jourdain, Lucille.

Coviel is Cleont's servant. A quick-witted person, able to pull off difficult adventures. Devoted to his master.

M. Jourdain, a very rich tradesman, strives with all his might to imitate the aristocracy: he hires many teachers for himself, buys fashionable outfits, in his opinion, tries to study art, but his household does not approve of his impulses. Count Dorant uses the ingenuous Jourdain, borrowing money from him and giving out gifts that the tradesman buys for his friend Marquise Dorimene, wanting to intermarry with her, for his own. Mr. Jourdain refuses Cleont, who asks for the hand of his daughter, since he is not of noble blood. In response, Cleont's servant Coviel comes up with a desperate plan - with the help of familiar artists, the disguised Koviel presents the disguised Cleont as the son of the Turkish Sultan. Jourdain falls for this trick, and Koviel initiates the fooled tradesman into the "noble" rank of "mamomushi", he agrees to marry his daughter to a "Turkish" guest. Lucille and her mother try to challenge the decision of the father of the family, but, recognizing Cleont in disguise, they begin to play along with him and agree. The play ends with the painting at the notary of two couples: Cleont with Luille and Dorant and Dorimena, while Jourdain himself, conducted by him, enjoys the ballet arranged by him with the others.

The tradesman in the nobility is very interesting story for both reading and viewing. After reading the work in the text version, you will not be disappointed with the presentation in the stage form. There are many musical numbers in the play, which are easier to imbue when you hear the music to which they are performed.

Molière's comedy "The Philistine in the Nobility" was written in 1670. The work was created within the literary direction of realism. In the comedy "The Philistine in the Nobility", the author ridicules the typical bourgeois - the ignorant Mr. Jourdain, who tried to join the "upper class", but he only succeeded in clumsily imitating the life of the nobility.

If you need to quickly understand what Moliere's story is about, we recommend reading summary"The tradesman in the nobility" according to the actions on our website. Also, this material will allow you to quickly prepare for the lesson of world literature. The play "The Philistine in the Nobility" is included in school curriculum 8th grade.

Main characters

Mister Jourdain- a tradesman who wanted to be a nobleman. Those around him laughed at him, but played along with him for their own benefit.

Mrs. Jourdain- Mr. Jourdain's wife; did not share his desire to become a nobleman.

Cleont - young man, in love with Lucille.

Coviel- Cleont's servant.

Dorant- Count, an acquaintance of Jourdain, who constantly borrowed money from the tradesman. In love with Dorimena.

Other characters

Lucille- the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jourdain, in love with Cleont.

Nicole Lucille's maid.

Dorimena- marquise; Jourdain tried to win her favor through Dorant.

Teachers of dance, music, fencing, philosophy who were hired by Jourdain.

Act one

Phenomenon 1

Paris. Mister Jourdain's house. The music teacher and dance teacher prepare for the evening's performance and discuss that although Jourdain is not at all versed in the arts, "money straightens out the crookedness of his judgments, his common sense is in his wallet."

Phenomenon 2

Jourdain boasts to the teachers of his new robe, they flatter him in everything.

The sound of the violin seems mournful to the tradesman. Teachers note that Jourdain should study the arts, since "all the strife, all the wars on earth", "all the misfortunes with which history is full" come from ignorance of music and inability to dance.

Action two

Phenomenon 1

Jourdain orders that the ballet be ready by the evening, as the person for whom he arranges all this will arrive. The music teacher, anticipating good pay, advises the tradesman to give concerts on Wednesdays and Thursdays, as all noblemen do.

Phenomena 2-3

A visiting fencing teacher teaches a tradesman, explaining that “the whole secret of fencing is to<…>inflict blows on the enemy "and" do not receive such blows yourself. The fencing teacher expresses the idea that dance and music are useless sciences. There is an argument between the teachers.

Apparitions 4-5

Jourdain asks the visiting teacher of philosophy to reconcile the quarreling. Referring to Seneca's treatise on anger, the philosopher tries to calm them down, but he himself gets involved in an argument that develops into a fight.

Phenomenon 6

Philosophy lesson. The teacher offers to teach Jourdain the wisdom of philosophy: logic, ethics and physics, but they do not arouse interest in the tradesman. Jourdain asks to teach him how to spell. The teacher tells him that there are vowels and consonants.

Jourdain asks the philosopher to help him write a love note, but in the end they settle on the original version of the tradesman: “Beautiful marquise, your beautiful eyes promise me death from love.” Suddenly, the tradesman learns that he has been expressing himself in prose all his life.

Apparitions 7-8

The tailor brings Jourdain a new suit. The tradesman notices that the suit is made of the same fabric as the clothes on the tailor, and the pattern (flowers) is upside down. The tailor reassures him with what is so fashionable in high society.

Apparitions 9-10

Dancing around Jourdain, the apprentices put on a new costume for him. They call the tradesman "Your Grace", "Your Excellency", "Your Grace", for which they receive a generous payment.

Act Three

Phenomena 1-3

Seeing Jourdain's new outfit, Nicole can't help but laugh. Madame Jourdain is outraged appearance husband, who "dressed up as a jester", and everyone laughs at him anyway. Jourdain decides to show off his knowledge to his wife and Nicole, but does not surprise women in any way. Moreover, fencing with a man, the maid easily stabs him several times.

Apparitions 4-5

Dorant praises Jourdain's new costume and mentions that he spoke about him "in the royal bedchamber", which amuses the vanity of the tradesman.

Dorant asks "another two hundred pistoles" from Jourdain to round off the amount of his considerable debt. The indignant Madame Jourdain calls her husband "cash cow", and Dorant "rogue".

Phenomena 6

Dorant reports that he persuaded the Marquis to come today to the tradesman, giving her a diamond - a gift from Jourdain. Nicole accidentally hears part of the men's conversation and finds out that the tradesman sends his wife to visit his sister in the evening so that nothing "constrains" them.

Apparitions 7-11

Madame Jourdain is sure that her husband is "hitting on someone". A woman wants to marry her daughter to Cleont, who is in love with her. Nicole is delighted with her decision as a mistress, as she likes Cleont's servant.

Madame Jourdain advises Cleont to ask Monsieur Jourdain for the hand of her daughter today.

Event 12

Cleont asks M. Jourdain for Lucile's hand in marriage. The tradesman is only interested in whether the future son-in-law is a nobleman. Cleont, not wanting to deceive, admits that he is not. Jourdain refuses, because he wants his daughter to be a marchioness.

Apparitions 13-14

Coviel calms the upset Cleont - the servant figured out how to "circle our dupe around the finger."

Apparitions 15-18

Dorimena did not want to meet Dorant at her place or at his house, so she agreed to dine at Jourdain's. The count gave all the gifts of the tradesman to the Marquise on his own behalf.

Apparitions 19-20

Meeting the marquise, Jourdain bows absurdly, which amuses the woman very much. Dorant warns the tradesman not to mention the diamond donated by Dorimen, as it is impolite in secular society.

act four

Phenomenon 1

Dorimena is surprised that a "luxurious feast" was arranged for her. Jourdain, drawing attention to the diamond on the Marquise's hand, calls it "a trifle", believing that the woman knows that this is a gift from him.

Phenomena 2-4

Madame Jourdain suddenly appears. The woman is indignant that, having sent his wife out, her husband arranges a "feast" for another lady. Dorant tries to justify himself by explaining that he arranged the dinner. Madame Jourdain does not believe it. The frustrated Marchioness leaves, followed by Dorant.

Apparitions 5-8

In disguise, Coviel poses as an old friend of Father Jourdain. Koviel says that the tradesman's father was not a merchant, but a nobleman. However, the main purpose of his visit is the message that the son of the Turkish Sultan has long been in love with Jourdain's daughter and wants to marry her. Soon Cleont, disguised as a Turk, joins them and, through an interpreter, Covel, announces his intentions.

Coviel asks Dorant to play along with them.

Apparitions 9-13

Turkish ceremony. Mufti with retinue, dervishes and Turks sing and dance, conducting the initiation of Jourdain, dressed in Turkish clothes, into a Turk. Mufti puts the Koran on the back of the tradesman, calls Mohammed.

Act Five

Phenomenon 1

Jourdain explains to his wife that now he has become a mother. The woman decides that her husband has gone mad.

Phenomena 2-3

Dorant persuades Dorimene to stay to support Cleont's idea with a masquerade and watch a ballet arranged for her.

Apparitions 4-7

Lucille at first refuses to marry, but, recognizing Cleont in the Turk, she agrees.

Madame Jourdain was also against the marriage, but when Koviel quietly explained to her that what was happening was only a masquerade, she ordered to send for a notary.

Dorant announces that he and the Marchioness have also decided to get married. Jourdain thinks that the count said this as a distraction. The joyful tradesman gives Nicole to the "interpreter" Covel, and his "wife - to anyone." Koviel is surprised that “you won’t find another such madcap in the whole world!” .

"Comedy ends with ballet".

Conclusion

Moliere's comedy "The Philistine in the Nobility" is one of the most famous dramatic works. The play was staged by more than twenty leading theaters, it was filmed four times. Attracting by the brightness of the described characters and subtle humor, the brilliant work remains interesting for modern readers.

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theme, idea, the main idea, problems

"The tradesman in the nobility" analysis

"The tradesman in the nobility" - comedy-ballet in five acts by Molière and Jean-Baptiste Lully, written in 1670.

Literary direction— classicism

Genre- social comedy, with elements of love and socio-psychological comedy

Subject- the desire of the wealthy bourgeois Jourdain to get into high society

"The tradesman in the nobility" problems

• a person's place in society; the factors by which this place is determined;
• dominating moral ideals in the state;
• problems of education, upbringing, art, love, human dignity, etc.

the main idea- exposure of social and human vices

Main characters— Mr. Jourdain, Mrs. Jourdain, Lucille, Cleont, Dorant, Dorimena, Kovel, Nicole

Artistic features of "The tradesman in the nobility"

The comedy was written within the framework of classicism, it retains the trinity that is obligatory for a classical play:

• unity of place (M. Jourdain's house),
• time (the action is 24 hours)
• action (the whole play is built around one main idea).

In each of the main characters, one leading feature in satirical exaggeration is emphasized.

"The tradesman in the nobility" plot

The action takes place in the house of Mr. Jourdain, a tradesman. Count Dorant, who borrowed money from Jourdain, was in love with an aristocrat, the Marquise Dorimena. Jourdain, in an effort to appear taller and win the favor of the count, tries to imitate the nobility in everything. Madame Jourdain and her maid Nicole make fun of him. Wishing to become a nobleman, Jourdain refuses Cleont the hand of his daughter Lucille. Then the servant of Cleont, Coviel, comes up with a trick: under the guise of a Turkish dervish, he initiates Mr. Jourdain into an imaginary Turkish noble dignity. mamamushi and arranges for Lucille to marry Turkish Sultan's son, who is actually Cleon in disguise as a Turk.

"The Philistine in the Nobility" is a comedy-ballet created by the great Molière in 1670. This is a classic work, supplemented with elements of folk farce, features of ancient comedy and satirical compositions of the Renaissance.

History of creation

In the autumn of 1669, the ambassadors of the Ottoman Sultan visited Paris. The Turks were greeted especially pompously. But decorations, a spectacular meeting and luxurious apartments did not surprise the guests. Moreover, the Delegation stated that the reception was poor. It soon turned out that it was not ambassadors who visited the palace, but impostors.

However, the offended King Louis nevertheless demanded that Moliere create a work that would ridicule the pompous Turkish customs and the specific mores of Eastern culture. It took only 10 rehearsals and the play "Turkish Ceremony" was shown to the king. A month later, in 1670, at the end of November, the performance was presented at the Palais Royal.

However, a talented playwright after some time radically transformed the original play. In addition to satire on Turkish customs, he supplemented the work with reflections on the theme of the modern customs of the nobles.

Analysis of the work

Plot

Mister Jourdain has money, a family and good house, but he wants to become a true aristocrat. He pays barbers, tailors, and teachers to make him a respectable nobleman. The more his servants praised him, the more he paid them. Any whims of the master were embodied in reality, while those around him generously praised the naive Jourdain.

The dance teacher taught the minuet and the art of bowing correctly. This was important for Jourdain, who was in love with a marquise. The fencing teacher told me how to strike correctly. He was taught spelling, philosophy, learned the subtleties of prose and poetry.

Dressed in a new suit, Jourdain decided to take a walk around the city. Madame Jourdain and the maid Nicole told the man that he looked like a jester and everyone rushed about him only because of his generosity and wealth. There is a skirmish. Count Dorant appears and asks Jourdain to lend him some more money, despite the fact that the amount of debt is already quite substantial.

A young man named Cleon loves Lucille, who loves him back. Madame Jourdain agrees to the marriage of her daughter with her lover. Mr. Jourdain, having learned that Cleont is not of noble origin, sharply refuses. At this moment, Count Dorant and Dorimena appear. An enterprising adventurer courts the marchioness, passing on gifts from the naive Jourdain in his own name.

The owner of the house invites everyone to the table. The marquise is enjoying delicious treats, when suddenly Jourdain's wife appears, who was sent to her sister. She understands what is happening and makes a scandal. The Count and Marquise leave the house.

Koviel appears immediately. He introduces himself as a friend of Jourdain's father and a real nobleman. He tells that the Turkish heir to the throne arrived in the city, madly in love with the daughter of Mr. Jourdain.

To intermarry, Jourdain needs to go through the rite of initiation into mammamushi. Then the Sultan himself appears - Cleont in disguise. He speaks in a fictitious language and Coviel translates. This is followed by a mixed initiation ceremony, complete with ridiculous rituals.

Characteristics of the main characters

Jourdain - main character comedy, bourgeois who wants to become a nobleman. He is naive and direct, generous and reckless. Goes ahead to his dream. Happy to lend money. If he is angered, he instantly flares up, starts screaming and making a fuss.

He believes in the omnipotence of money, so he uses the services of the most expensive tailors, hoping that it is their clothes that will “do the job”. Everyone fools him: from servants to close relatives and false friends. Rudeness and bad manners, ignorance and vulgarity contrast very markedly with claims to noble gloss and grace.

Jourdain's wife

The wife of a petty tyrant and a false nobleman is opposed to her husband in the work. She is educated and full of common sense. A practical and sophisticated lady always behaves with dignity. The wife tries to guide her husband on the "path of truth" by explaining to him that everyone is using him.

She is not interested in titles of nobility, not obsessed with status. Even her beloved daughter, Madame Jourdain, wants to marry a person of equal status and intelligence, so that she feels comfortable and well.

Dorant

Count Dorant represents the nobility. He is aristocratic and vain. He makes friends with Jourdain solely out of selfish motives.

The man's enterprise is manifested in the way he deftly appropriates the gifts of the enamored Jourdain, presented to the marquise, as his own. Even the presented diamond he gives out as his gift.

Knowing about Covel's prank, he is in no hurry to warn his friend about the insidious plans of scoffers. Rather, on the contrary, the count himself has plenty of fun with the stupid Jourdain.

marquise

Marquise Dorimena - a widow, represents a noble noble family. For her sake, Jourdain is studying all the sciences, spending incredible money on expensive gifts and organizing social events.

It is full of hypocrisy and vanity. In the eyes of the owner of the house, she says that he spent so much for nothing on the reception, but at the same time enjoys delicacies with pleasure. The marquise is not averse to accepting expensive gifts, but at the sight of her boyfriend's wife, she pretends to be embarrassed and even offended.

Beloved

Lucille and Cleont are people of a new generation. They are distinguished by a good upbringing, smart and resourceful. Lucille loves Cleont, so when she learns that she will be married to another, she sincerely opposes it.

The young man really has something to love. He is intelligent, noble in manner, honest, kind and loving. He is not ashamed of his relatives, does not pursue ghostly statuses, openly declares his feelings and desires.

Comedy is distinguished by a particularly thoughtful and clear structure: 5 acts, as required by the canons of classicism. One action is not interrupted by secondary lines. Molière introduces ballet into the dramatic work. This violates the requirements of classicism.

The theme is Mr. Jourdain's crazyness in noble titles and nobility. The author criticizes in his work the aristocratic mode, the humiliation of the bourgeoisie in front of the class that allegedly dominates.

Molière's comedy "The Philistine in the Nobility" was written in 1670. The work was created within the literary direction of realism. In the comedy "The Philistine in the Nobility", the author ridicules the typical bourgeois - the ignorant Mr. Jourdain, who tried to join the "upper class", but he only succeeded in clumsily imitating the life of the nobility.

If you need to quickly understand what Molière's story is about, we recommend that you read the summary of "The Tradesman in the Nobility" on the actions on our website. Also, this material will allow you to quickly prepare for the lesson of world literature. The play "The Philistine in the Nobility" is included in the 8th grade school curriculum.

Main characters

Mister Jourdain- a tradesman who wanted to be a nobleman. Those around him laughed at him, but played along with him for their own benefit.

Mrs. Jourdain- Mr. Jourdain's wife; did not share his desire to become a nobleman.

Cleont - young man, in love with Lucille.

Coviel- Cleont's servant.

Dorant- Count, an acquaintance of Jourdain, who constantly borrowed money from the tradesman. In love with Dorimena.

Other characters

Lucille- the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jourdain, in love with Cleont.

Nicole Lucille's maid.

Dorimena- marquise; Jourdain tried to win her favor through Dorant.

Teachers of dance, music, fencing, philosophy who were hired by Jourdain.

Summary

Act one

Phenomenon 1

Paris. Mister Jourdain's house. The music teacher and dance teacher prepare for the evening's performance and discuss that although Jourdain is not at all versed in the arts, "money straightens the crookedness of his judgment, his common sense is in his wallet."

Phenomenon 2

Jourdain boasts to the teachers of his new robe, they flatter him in everything.

The sound of the violin seems mournful to the tradesman. Teachers note that Jourdain should study the arts, since "all the strife, all the wars on earth", "all the misfortunes with which history is full" come from ignorance of music and inability to dance.

Action two

Phenomenon 1

Jourdain orders that the ballet be ready by the evening, as the person for whom he arranges all this will arrive. The music teacher, anticipating good pay, advises the tradesman to give concerts on Wednesdays and Thursdays, as all noblemen do.

Phenomena 2-3

A visiting fencing teacher teaches a tradesman, explaining that “the whole secret of fencing is to<…>inflict blows on the enemy" and "do not receive such blows yourself." The fencing teacher expresses the idea that dance and music are useless sciences. There is an argument between the teachers.

Apparitions 4-5

Jourdain asks the visiting teacher of philosophy to reconcile the quarreling. Referring to Seneca's treatise on anger, the philosopher tries to calm them down, but he himself gets involved in an argument that develops into a fight.

Phenomenon 6

Philosophy lesson. The teacher offers to teach Jourdain the wisdom of philosophy: logic, ethics and physics, but they do not arouse interest in the tradesman. Jourdain asks to teach him how to spell. The teacher tells him that there are vowels and consonants.

Jourdain asks the philosopher to help him write a love note, but in the end they settle on the original version of the tradesman: "Beautiful marquise, your beautiful eyes promise me death from love." Suddenly, the tradesman learns that he has been expressing himself in prose all his life.

Apparitions 7-8

The tailor brings Jourdain a new suit. The tradesman notices that the suit is made of the same fabric as the clothes on the tailor, and the pattern (flowers) is upside down. The tailor reassures him with what is so fashionable in high society.

Apparitions 9-10

Dancing around Jourdain, the apprentices put on a new costume for him. They call the tradesman "Your Grace", "Your Excellency", "Your Grace", for which they receive a generous payment.

Act Three

Phenomena 1-3

Seeing Jourdain's new outfit, Nicole can't help but laugh. Madame Jourdain is outraged by the appearance of her husband, who "dressed up as a jester", and everyone is laughing at him anyway. Jourdain decides to show off his knowledge to his wife and Nicole, but does not surprise women in any way. Moreover, fencing with a man, the maid easily stabs him several times.

Apparitions 4-5

Dorant praises Jourdain's new costume and mentions that he spoke about him "in the royal bedchamber", which amuses the vanity of the tradesman.

Dorant asks Jourdain for "another two hundred pistoles" to round up the amount of his considerable debt. Outraged, Madame Jourdain calls her husband a "cash cow" and Dorant a "rogue."

Phenomena 6

Dorant reports that he persuaded the Marquis to come today to the tradesman, giving her a diamond - a gift from Jourdain. Nicole accidentally hears part of the men's conversation and finds out that the tradesman sends his wife to visit his sister in the evening so that nothing "constrains" them.

Apparitions 7-11

Ms. Jourdain is sure that her husband is "hitting on someone." A woman wants to marry her daughter to Cleont, who is in love with her. Nicole is delighted with her decision as a mistress, as she likes Cleont's servant.

Madame Jourdain advises Cleont to ask Monsieur Jourdain for the hand of her daughter today.

Event 12

Cleont asks M. Jourdain for Lucile's hand in marriage. The tradesman is only interested in whether the future son-in-law is a nobleman. Cleont, not wanting to deceive, admits that he is not. Jourdain refuses, because he wants his daughter to be a marchioness.

Apparitions 13-14

Coviel calms the upset Cleont - the servant figured out how to "circle our dupe around the finger."

Apparitions 15-18

Dorimena did not want to meet Dorant at her place or at his house, so she agreed to dine at Jourdain's. The count gave all the gifts of the tradesman to the Marquise on his own behalf.

Apparitions 19-20

Meeting the marquise, Jourdain bows absurdly, which amuses the woman very much. Dorant warns the tradesman not to mention the diamond donated by Dorimen, as it is impolite in secular society.

act four

Phenomenon 1

Dorimena is surprised that a "luxurious feast" was arranged for her sake. Jourdain, drawing attention to the diamond on the marquise's hand, calls it "a trifle", believing that the woman knows that this is a gift from him.

Phenomena 2-4

Madame Jourdain suddenly appears. The woman is indignant that, having sent his wife out, her husband arranges a "feast" for another lady. Dorant tries to justify himself by explaining that he arranged the dinner. Madame Jourdain does not believe it. The frustrated Marchioness leaves, followed by Dorant.

Apparitions 5-8

In disguise, Coviel poses as an old friend of Father Jourdain. Koviel says that the tradesman's father was not a merchant, but a nobleman. However, the main purpose of his visit is the message that the son of the Turkish Sultan has long been in love with Jourdain's daughter and wants to marry her. Soon Cleont, disguised as a Turk, joins them and, through an interpreter, Covel, announces his intentions.

Coviel asks Dorant to play along with them.

Apparitions 9-13

Turkish ceremony. Mufti with retinue, dervishes and Turks sing and dance, conducting the initiation of Jourdain, dressed in Turkish clothes, into a Turk. Mufti puts the Koran on the back of the tradesman, calls Mohammed.

Act Five

Phenomenon 1

Jourdain explains to his wife that now he has become a mother. The woman decides that her husband has gone mad.

Phenomena 2-3

Dorant persuades Dorimene to stay to support Cleont's idea with a masquerade and watch a ballet arranged for her.

Apparitions 4-7

Lucille at first refuses to marry, but, recognizing Cleont in the Turk, she agrees.

Madame Jourdain was also against the marriage, but when Koviel quietly explained to her that what was happening was only a masquerade, she ordered to send for a notary.

Dorant announces that he and the Marchioness have also decided to get married. Jourdain thinks that the count said this as a distraction. The joyful tradesman gives Nicole to the "interpreter" Covel, and his "wife - to anyone." Koviel is surprised that “you won’t find another such madcap in the whole world!”.

"Comedy ends with ballet."

Conclusion

Moliere's comedy "The Philistine in the Nobility" is one of the most famous dramatic works. The play was staged by more than twenty leading theaters, it was filmed four times. Attracting by the brightness of the described characters and subtle humor, the brilliant work remains interesting for modern readers.