Vasily Shukshin is a Soviet film director, actor, screenwriter and writer. In his works and films, he paid great attention to the lives of ordinary people, thanks to which he quickly became a popular favorite.

There are many nuances in his biography that the average viewer probably does not know. However, this is the case with the majority. Well, we will try to fill this gap.

We bring to your attention the biography of Vasily Shukshin ().

Brief biography of Shukshin

Vasily Makarovich Shukshin was born on July 25, 1929 in the village of Srostki, in the Siberian Territory. His parents were ordinary peasants. With coming Soviet power the head of the family, Makar Leontyevich, was shot by the Bolsheviks.

After the death of her husband, his mother, Maria Sergeevna, remarried Pavel Kuksin, with whom she raised children from her first marriage.

Childhood and youth

Since Vasily Shukshin grew up in a simple family, he could not even think that in the future he could become a famous director.

After graduating from school, the young man entered an automotive technical school, but after studying there for about 2 years, he decided to quit. Leaving the educational institution was associated with the desire to get a job.

In 1945, Shukshin began working on the collective farm with friends and relatives. But even here he did not stay long. After 2 years, Vasily got a job as a mechanic, whose work was then held in high esteem.

Thanks to this profession, he was able to travel to many cities and visit different plants and factories, which later played a big role in his creative biography.

In 1949, Shukshin was called up to serve in the Navy. Interesting fact His biography is that it was there that he began to read books and become interested in art. The guy even wrote several works, which he later read to his comrades.

In 1953, Shukshin returned to his native village, graduated from high school as an external student, and became a teacher. Being a creative person, Shukshin wanted to achieve something more.

Realizing that he will not be able to realize his ambitions in the village, he decides to go to the capital.

Once in, Vasily enters the directing department of VGIK. Without wasting time, he sends his works to various publishing houses, and soon achieves his first success.

Creative biography of Shukshin

Vasily Makarovich mainly wrote stories and stories that were interesting and understandable to the common worker.

At the same time, he begins to become seriously interested in cinema. In 1956, Shukshin was trusted to play a short role in the cult film “ Quiet Don».

Just 2 years later, he plays the main role in the film “Two Fedoras”, after which he receives offers of cooperation from various directors.

Feeling confident, Vasily Shukshin decides to try himself as a film director. He writes scripts for his films with his own hands, carefully thinking through the dialogues of the characters. These bold steps played a big role in Shukshin’s biography.

During his life, he made 6 films and performed about 30 roles. Whatever Vasily Makarovich did, he always succeeded. For his services, he received many different awards and prizes. In 1969 he was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR.

Before playing a particular role, Shukshin thoroughly thought through every gesture, thanks to which his fantastic acting aroused the interest of the audience. Surely he himself would be pleased with his performance and would say the cherished “I believe.”

Shukshin always remained himself and, at the same time, he managed to masterfully convey the emotions of his characters.

Personal life and legacy

Shukshin's first wife was Maria Shumskaya, who worked as a teacher in his native village. However, this marriage soon broke up. The wife did not want to go with her husband to Moscow, which became one of the main reasons for the divorce.

In 1963, Shukshin married Victoria Safronova. In this marriage they had a daughter, Katya, but this union did not last long.

The next and last wife in Shukshin’s biography was actress Lydia Fedoseeva. They had 2 girls - Masha and Olga, who also became actresses.

Death

In the early 70s, Shukshin began to increasingly suffer from stomach pain. On the set of “Kalina Krasnaya” he repeatedly suffered from serious seizures.

However, the artist did not pay due attention to illnesses, but on the contrary continued to work even more. On the set of the film “They Fought for the Motherland,” one of these attacks became fatal for him.

Despite his early death, this talented artist and writer left behind a huge legacy. Films are made based on his works, and streets and even cities are named after him.

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Name: Vasily Shukshin

Age: 45 years

Place of Birth: Splices

A place of death: Kletskaya, Volgograd region

Activity: Film director, actor, writer, performer

Marital status: married to Lidiya Fedoseeva-Shukshina

biography

Vasily Shukshin is a simple Russian man, but very talented, like all Russian people. He not only wrote literary works, but he himself prepared scripts for films based on them, then directed them himself, often playing the main roles. He did everything easily and naturally. Few people know how the soul was torn, how the heart ached.

Childhood, family of the writer

Altai Territory, the simple village of Srostki remembers the peasant family of the Shukshins, who were accustomed to earning their bread with their own labor. Such owners were called middle peasants and individual farmers. Vasily grew up without a father, since in the thirties the head of the family was arrested and shot. The mother replaced the father, and when she got married for the second time, the stepfather helped raise Vasya as if he were his own.

There was a seven-year school in the village; in order to study further, one had to leave Srostok. Vasily goes to study at the Biysk Automotive College. The family did not have enough money; two years later Shukshin quit his studies and returned home. In his native village, Vasily was offered a job as a mechanic on a collective farm. Real biography the creator begins only now.

While serving in the Black Sea Fleet, Shukshin writes a lot. Stories are born, the first listeners of which were colleagues. But the army ended early for Shukshin; doctors diagnosed a stomach ulcer. The doctors, not wanting to take responsibility, discharged Vasily from the ranks of the Soviet Army.

In his homeland, Vasily passed the exams for a high school course and began working as a literature teacher, but this was a way to feed himself; the teaching path did not give him much pleasure.

Vasily Shukshin - films, stories

The biography took a sharp turn to the side. The family gives their last money to their son, and Shukshin goes to conquer the capital. At VGIK he enters the directing department. Along the way, the writer Shukshin offers his stories to the Moscow publishing house. Life becomes busy, film work begins. In "Quiet Don" he plays a cameo role. This was a successful debut; in the next film Vasily played the main role.

Actor Shukshin began to receive many offers. He was not yet known as a director, but this was exactly what he was waiting for. He did this in the film “They Report From Lebyazhye”, an inconspicuous picture, but significant, as it served as the beginning of a new round of creative biography. “There Lives a Guy Like This” became a recognition of the talent of Vasily Makarovich.

Shukshin wrote about ordinary people who are trying to get out of difficult situations that fate has prepared for them with dignity. "Kalina Krasnaya" attracted the attention of the audience long years, a simple story makes you empathize and sympathize. The film has everything: humor, drama of life's destinies, a philosophical aspect, reflection on the meaning of life.

After watching the story of Yegor Prokudin, the audience could not hold back their tears. But fans of Shukshin’s work were justified in crying about the writer himself. Vasily Makarovich worked extremely hard, and attacks of ulcers became more frequent.

Having conceived New film about Stepan Razin, he is intensively collecting historical material. During this period, the painting “Sands-Benches” was created, it received good feedback film critics. Filming of the war epic “They Fought for the Motherland” has begun. Shukshin was not destined to watch the finished film; they almost filmed everything, but the actor died during the final part of filming.

There is no doubt for a second that cinema has filled the entire essence of the actor and director. Shukshin continues to write and publish novels, novels, and short stories. And in each work of the author, drop by drop, the mysterious Russian soul is revealed.

Personal life

Shukshin’s first wife was the love of his youth, Maria Shumskaya, but she refused to accompany her husband to the capital. He returned a few years later for a divorce, which he never received. Vasily met another woman, but this was not a reason to give Shukshin a divorce. The writer goes to many lengths, he marries Lydia Alexandrova, meets Lydia Fedoseeva. The writer’s incredible charm and acting skills to seduce made Shukshin attractive to many women. But only Lydia Fedoseeva-Shukshina was always next to her husband.

Both of their daughters connected their lives with theater and cinema, choosing the profession of actress. Maria Shukshina admits that her father taught her a lot. Why the actor suddenly died of a heart attack during filming remains a mystery. The day before, Vasily Makarovich was thoroughly examined about his chronic peptic ulcer. The doctors did not notice any deviations from the norm, although the attacks of pain became more frequent.

His father, Makar Leontyevich Shukshin (1912-1933), was arrested and executed during collectivization, rehabilitated posthumously in 1956. Mother, Maria Sergeevna (nee Popova; in her second marriage - Kuksina) (1909 - January 17, 1979), took upon herself all the care of the family. Sister - Natalya Makarovna Shukshina (November 16, 1931 - July 10, 2005). After his father’s arrest and before receiving a passport, Shukshin was called by his mother’s name, Vasily Popov.

In 1943, Shukshin graduated from a seven-year school in the village of Srostki and entered the Biysk Automotive College. I studied there for two and a half years, but did not graduate from college. Instead, in 1945 he went to work on a collective farm in the village of Srostki. He worked on the collective farm for a short time, and in 1946 he left his native village. In 1947-1949, Shukshin worked as a mechanic at several enterprises of the Soyuzprommekhanizatsiya trust: at a turbine plant in Kaluga, at a tractor plant in Vladimir. Shukshin was called up to serve in the army from the village of Butovo, Moscow region.

In 1949, Shukshin was called up to serve in the Navy. He served as a sailor in the Baltic Fleet, then as a radio operator in the Black Sea Fleet. Shukshin's literary activity began in the army, it was there that he first tried to write stories that he read to his colleagues. In 1953, he was discharged from the navy due to a stomach ulcer and returned to the village of Srostki.

In his native village, Vasily Makarovich passed the matriculation exams as an external student at Srostinsky secondary school No. 32. He went to work as a teacher of Russian language and literature at the Srostinsky rural youth school. For some time he was even the director of this school.

In 1954, Shukshin went to Moscow to enroll in VGIK. To raise money for the journey, his mother sold a cow. At first, Shukshin applied to the screenwriting department, but then decided to enter the directing department and graduated in 1960 (workshop of M.I. Romm). While studying at VGIK, on ​​the advice of Romm, Shukshin began sending his stories to metropolitan publications. In 1958, his first story, “Two on a Cart,” was published in the Smena magazine.

Member of the CPSU since 1955.

In 1956, Shukshin made his film debut: in S. A. Gerasimov’s film “Quiet Don” (second series), he played in a tiny episode - he portrayed a sailor peeking out from behind a fence. The cinematic fate of Shukshin the actor began with this sailor.

While studying at VGIK in 1958, Shukshin starred in his first leading role in the film by M. M. Khutsiev “Two Fyodors”. In his diploma work“They report from Lebyazhye” Shukshin acted as a screenwriter, director and leading actor. His acting career was going quite well; Shukshin had no shortage of offers from leading directors.

The years 1973-1974 became very fruitful for Shukshin. His film “Kalina Krasnaya” was released and received the first prize at the All-Russian Film Festival. A new collection of short stories, “Characters,” has been published. On the stage of LABDT, director G. A. Tovstonogov was preparing to stage the play “Energetic People”. In 1974, Shukshin accepted an invitation to star in a new film by S. F. Bondarchuk. But Vasily Shukshin had long been tormented by attacks of stomach ulcers, which had haunted him since his youth, when he suffered from an addiction to alcohol. Last years After the birth of his daughters, he did not touch alcohol, but the disease progressed. Even on the set of “Kalina Krasnaya” he had difficulty recovering from severe attacks

On October 2, 1974, Shukshin died suddenly during the filming of the film “They Fought for the Motherland” on the ship “Danube”. He was discovered dead by his close friend Georgy Burkov.

He was buried on Monday, October 7, in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery. The farewell ceremony took place at the Central House of Cinema, with farewell speeches given by F. T. Ermash, S. A. Gerasimov, S. I. Rostotsky, V. V. Sanaev, G. V. Alexandrov, Yu. V. Bondarev.

Vasily Shukshin Personal life

Shukshin's first official wife is his fellow villager, school teacher Maria Ivanovna Shumskaya. They met in their youth and married in the summer of 1955, when Vasily Shukshin, a student at VGIK, came from Moscow for his first vacation. “To say that Vasily did not take this marriage seriously from the very beginning, that he deliberately deceived and abandoned his village wife, would be unfair,” says Anastasia Pryakhina, a friend of the Shukshin family. - After registration, Vasya came home from the registry office alone, without Maria. He tore off his shirt and started exclaiming: “What a marriage!” Well, I got married!” It turned out that the young people had quarreled at the doors of the registry office. Maria refused to go with Vasily to Moscow - she was frightened by the uncertainty and unsettled future life in Moscow, she decided to stay with her parents and wait for her husband in Srostki. In 1957, Shukshin wrote a letter home from Moscow saying that he was asking Maria for a divorce because he had fallen in love with another woman. There was never an official divorce from M. Shumskaya. She did not consent to the divorce, even though Shukshin’s mother asked for it. Shukshin managed to “neutralize” this marriage only by losing his passport.

In 1963, he married Victoria Sofronova, daughter of the writer Anatoly Sofronov.

In 1965, Victoria Sofronova had a daughter from Shukshin - Katerina Shukshina.

From 1964 to 1967, V. M. Shukshin was married to actress Lydia Alexandrova (better known as Lydia Chashchina, after the name of her second husband; performer of the role in the film “There Lives Such a Guy”). The marriage, according to her, broke up due to Shukshin’s numerous love affairs and his addiction to alcohol.

In 1964, on the set of the film “What is the Sea?” Vasily Shukshin met a 26-year-old actress. Shukshin for a long time could not decide which of the women to live with, and maintained relationships with both. In the end, he ended up with Fedoseeva. In this marriage he had two daughters:

Actress (1967).
Olga Shukshina, actress (1968).

Soviet writer, film director, screenwriter and actor Vasily Makarovich Shukshin was born on July 25, 1929 in the village of Srostki, Biysk District, Altai Territory.

His parents were peasants. In 1933, my father was arrested. Left with two small children, 22-year-old Maria Shukshina soon remarried fellow villager Pavel Kuksin, who died at the front in 1942.

In 1944, after completing seven classes at the Srostkinsk school, Vasily entered the Biysk Automotive College, but was subsequently forced to quit his studies in order to feed his family.

In the homeland of the writer and director in the village of Srostki on Mount Piket, a monument to him by Vyacheslav Klykov was erected.

2009 was declared the Year of Shukshin in the Altai Territory.

Vasily Shukshin was married to actress Lydia Fedoseeva-Shukshina. From this marriage he left two daughters, Maria and Olga.

The director also has a daughter, Ekaterina, from Victoria Sofronova, daughter of the writer Anatoly Sofronov.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

« Homeland... I live with the feeling that someday I will return to my homeland forever. Maybe I need this in order to constantly feel the everyday “margin of safety” in myself, there is always somewhere to return to when it becomes unbearable... I think that a Russian person is largely helped by the awareness of this - there is still somewhere to retreat. There is a place to catch my breath and gather my courage.”

Some claim that all the channels of the Katun have merged near the village, others - that the Chuisky tract and the river have connected, but in Splices there is something more. Everyone defines this in their own way, but hundreds of thousands of people, after their first visit to these places, consider them their own, family.

The pilgrimage to Shukshin’s homeland began immediately after his death. It was difficult to find a newspaper or magazine that would not write about the beauty of the Srostinsky land and amazing people, prototypes of heroes Vasily Shukshina. This is how people flocked to Altai, whose goal was to see and understand what it was - the land glorified by Shukshin and its inhabitants. In 1978, a museum eminent fellow countryman. People immediately fell in love with Piket’s house, and in 1989, the wooden building of the Srostinskaya school, from which Vasily Shukshin graduated and even taught a little there, became the main building and storage facility for thousands of exhibits. There are almost always exhibitions going on in the spacious school corridor. Many Moscow masters consider it an honor to show their works in Srostki.

But the exhibits are not the most important thing. The soul of the artist seems to live here. And it’s impossible not to feel it. First of all, it is stored by employees. The first director was Daria Ilyinichna Faleeva, a former librarian who once gave Shukshin books about cinema. When Shukshin first appeared on the screens, it was she who organized meetings with him in cinema "Katun". The tradition is continued by the current director Lidia Alexandrovna Chudnova, Honored Worker of Culture of Russia.

She was a frequent guest of the museum, and sometimes a tour guide. Native sister Shukshina Natalya Makarovna Zinovieva. She donated almost all the things related to her famous brother. Now her children Sergei and Nadezhda are helping the museum. The live connection is not broken.

“It feels here true love to the small homeland from which Russia begins" - this is just one of thousands of declarations of love from numerous volumes of reviews about the work of the museum. And the names in these books are significant - Viktor Astafiev, Georgy Zhzhenov, Lev Durov, Vladimir Putin And Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Alexy II.

Today in Srostki it is difficult to find old-timers who remember Shukshin from school, but the awareness of participation in the greatness of their fellow countryman is inherent in everyone. The village is growing, and in 1999, when Shukshin would have turned 70 years old, the museum acquired the status of an All-Russian Memorial Museum-Reserve. This means that many streets of the village are under protection. They must maintain their appearance. This is not easy, but the museum solves this problem too. Kamushki, Popovsky Island, Baklan, Piket and other favorite places of many generations of Srostin residents remain inviolable. Even the grandiose monument to Shukshin on Picket by People's Artist of Russia Vyacheslav Klykov organically fit into the local landscape.

Srostki is crowded at any time of the year. Shukshin attracts you like a magnet. Young and old come here, those who have read books and seen Shukshin and who are meeting him for the first time. Newcomers are a special category for the museum. In just an hour, guides can tell so much about the writer that young people, upon returning home, will certainly go to the library to read...

Doesn't stop for a day scientific work museum-reserve. Two serious collections of articles have been published "Shukshinsky Bulletin", a lot of publications in all printed publications, the museum website is actively working, and a lot of correspondence is being conducted. The museum-reserve holds about a dozen events every year, but the main ones were and remain the Shukshin Days in Altai. It is in Srostki, on Picket, that the main event of these days takes place. Awards for artists are presented here, here the best people countries talk about the most intimate things.

The year 2009 was declared the Year of Shukshin in Altai. By mid-July they had changed high school, bearing his name, a storage facility with a convenient cinema hall appeared near the museum, and the construction of the Church of the Great Martyr Catherine - an exact stone copy of the one that was once destroyed - was completed. And this is only a small part that was planned for the anniversary year. New books by the famous fellow countryman and studies about him have been published, and museum stands have been updated. Work to preserve the legacy of Vasily Shukshin and universally popularize his work continues.

Museum address: With. Srostki Biysk district, st. Sovetskaya, 86.

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