Lesson topic: Winter: peace of nature.
Tasks:

- introduce children to winter phenomena, teach them to distinguish the signs of winter;

- to teach schoolchildren to establish the relationship between cooling and the life of plants and animals;

- to cultivate a sense of empathy, a desire to help animals in difficult times.

Equipment:

for the teacher - presentation;

for students - textbook, notebook. During the classes
I. Organizational moment.

At night in the fields, under the tunes of a snowstorm.

Dozing, swaying birch and spruce:

The moon shines between the clouds over the field, -

A pale shadow runs and melts:

It seems at night: between white birches

Frost wanders in the fluffy radiance.

II. Actualization of knowledge and problem statement.

- Riddles from Moroz Ivanovich will tell you the topic of our lesson.

Pinches cheeks, pinches nose,

But we are not afraid: (frost)

I'm skating forward

Strong underfoot: (ice)

The stars began to spin

They began to lie down on the ground,

No, not stars, but fluffs,

Not fluff, but: (snowflakes)

The winter vacation!

Happy days!

The boys need sleds

Skiing and: (skates)

The cold has come

The water turned into ice.

Long-eared hare gray

Turned into a white bunny

The bear stopped crying

The bear hibernated in the forest

Who's to say, who knows

When does it happen? (in winter)

What word is associated with all the words you guessed?

- They are associated with the word "winter".

- Solve the following riddle:

Troika, Troika has arrived,

The horses in that trio are white.

And in the sleigh sits the queen,

Belokosa, white-faced.

How she waved her sleeve -

All covered with silver.

“It is winter and the winter months.

Who will name the winter months?

December is the start of winter. This is the first snow month. December is the darkest month. At this time, the longest nights and the most short days. The sun rises late and hides early. He does not rise high, and walks along the edge of the sky. And December is the last month of the year.

January is the first month of the year, but the second, middle month of winter. This is the coldest month. It is especially cold in clear weather, when the sun shines in the sky during the day, and the moon at night. In such weather, the cheeks and noses turn red and burn, as if someone were chewing on them. It's frost. For this, he was nicknamed Frost - a red nose. And when the clouds come and the snow falls, it gets warmer. It's the other way around! It's not like summer! When the sun is cold, when the clouds are warm.

February is the last month of winter. In February, the deepest snow and the largest snowdrifts. This is the last month of winter.

In February, the deepest snow and the largest snowdrifts. It's also good to play snowballs in this weather. And in February, winds often blow. They blow snow off the ground. They twist it, carry it, throw it. Drift, Blizzard, Blizzard, Blizzard, Blizzard.

- Take cards with objects and circle with a blue pencil, objects that are found only in winter.

Let's check now.

- Guess the riddles and name this object.

I wasn't raised

Blinded from the snow

Instead of a nose deftly

Put in carrots.

Eyes - coals, lips - knots.

cold, big,

Who am i? (Snowman)

Down the top grows, up the root grows (Icicle)

III. Joint "discovery" of new knowledge.

What do you think, when nature rests? Summer, autumn, spring or winter?

So what are we going to talk about in class today?

- The theme of our lesson is "Winter: the peace of nature".

Why is winter called "peace of nature"?

- Look at the illustration and tell me what changes (signs) occur in nature with the advent of winter?

- In winter it gets cold, nature puts on a snowy outfit, rivers freeze, it snows. (It gets colder, the sky is more often covered with clouds, precipitation falls in the form of snow, the days become shorter and the nights longer).

- Listen and say what they say:

Light fluffy,

sparkling, white,

What a pure

How brave!

That's what they say about the snowflake.

Who knows how snowflakes are formed?

- Listen to the story "Snow fluffs are flying" by V. Arkhangelsky and learn a lot of interesting things about the formation of snowflakes.

Snowballs are flying.

Winter has come. A cold wind blew from the north, and snowflakes fell from the sky. They spin in the air and fall to the ground - one is more beautiful than the other! Here is a flower with six petals; here is an asterisk with six rays; here is the thinnest plate with six sides!

Scientists visited the clouds during a snowfall and saw how snowflakes form. Large flakes of snow fell under the plane, and tiny ice crystals flickered high in the sky. And as soon as the ice sank into the cloud, they immediately became light, delicate snowflakes.

Small pieces of ice in the high sky are frozen water vapor. It is everywhere in the air ocean surrounding us. In spring, summer, autumn, steam turns into raindrops, and in winter - into snowflakes.

The quieter the frosty weather, the more beautiful the snowflakes falling to the ground. With a strong wind, their rays and edges break off, and white flowers and stars turn into snow dust. And when the frost is not strong, the snowflakes roll into dense white balls, and then we say that cereals are falling from the sky.

Falling to the ground, snowflakes cling to each other and, if not hard frost, flakes are formed.

Layer after layer of snow falls on the ground, and each layer is loose at first, because there is a lot of air between the snowflakes.

- And who among you knows why the snow crunches underfoot?

- It crunches because stars and rays break under the weight of your body.

- Open textbooks on p. 88 the most real beautiful snowflake.

Fizkultminutka.

Stand up and imagine that you and I are in winter forest Frost Ivanovich.

The sun warms the earth weakly, (Hands up and down)

Frost crackles at night, (Hands on the belt, tilts to the side)

In the yard at the Snow Woman (Hands on the belt, turn around)

Whitened carrot nose. (Children show their nose)

Suddenly there was water in the river

Motionless and firm, (Jumping in place)

Blizzard get angry

The snow is spinning (Children are spinning)

Sweeps everything around

Snow white silver. (Imitate hand movements)

- Consider a photograph of a winter forest.

- Pay attention to the fact that most of the trees stand with bare branches bare from the leaves, it seems that the plants are sleeping in a deep sleep, but this is not entirely true. The trees are almost asleep, or rather, they are dozing, as they are well prepared for the cold: under the bark they have a dense cork layer that protects from the cold, the buds are covered with scales, over the summer the trees have accumulated reserves.

But not all trees shed their leaves.

What kind of trees don't shed their leaves?

— Pines and firs. Their needles are covered with a wax coating, so they are not afraid of frost.

- What difficulties do animals experience in winter, what do they eat? (students talk about squirrel, hare, fox)

“Not only the beasts prepared to survive the cold. Many birds flew away to warmer climes in autumn.

- Orioles, swifts, swallows fly to warm lands. In winter, most insects disappear, and it becomes difficult for birds to forage.

- But bullfinches and crossbills, on the contrary, come to us to spend the winter. And how they hibernate will tell us ...

What birds stay for the winter?

- Sparrows, buntings, magpies, tits.

- These birds tolerate cold well, since feathers and down are very warm clothes, and bird blood is hot, so birds are not afraid of frost.

- So what did the titmouse ask for?

– How can we help them?

The poem "Feed the birds in winter."

V. Summary of the lesson. Reflection.

No season is so magical. Whether in summer, in spring, the earth is cheerful, the leaves of trees rustle with life, the river rolls its restless waters, the meadows scream with the diversity of flowers, the chirping and squeaking of insects, birds - everything moves, everything is animated and reaches for the warmth of the sun.

Winter is different. All living things hid in the depths of the earth, holes, cracks, hollows and sleeps, waiting for spring and the sun. The trees are bare, the birds have flown away, and those that remain do not sing and fly chilly and leisurely. And the enchantress-winter gives all this dead desert new life, "motionless, dumb, wonderful life". This is the life of sleep, the time of unusually white and quiet nature.

- Guys, why do they say that “Winter is the peace of nature”, that “in winter nature sleeps”?

- Let's check your statements by reading the conclusion on p. 87 of the textbook.

Raise your hands who:

worked at full capacity;

worked well, but could have worked better. Why?

How do you end the lesson?

- Well done! You worked actively, completed tasks quickly and accurately, listened carefully to your classmates.

"Winter phenomena" - The mystery of the birth of snowflakes. What is ice. Welcome to winter. What is nast. What is snowfall. Project activity. Winter phenomena in inanimate nature. Asterisks. Cognitive skills. Phenomena. Frost. Life brown bear. What is a blizzard.

"Winter months" - Skates shine on the rink, the rink shines, fluffy snow sparkles. Plants rejoice in the snow - it covers them with a warm blanket until spring. February. The coldest month. January is the first month of the year. Snowflakes curl and spin and rush into my room. Around everything is white and blue, everything is in a thin lace of shadows. Last month of the year.

"Hello, winter-winter" - Name the heroes. Snowdrifts. Poems about winter. Riddles about winter. Heroes. Winter sorceress. Santa Claus. White birch. Per Noel. Zimushka-winter. Freezing. Birthday of Santa Claus. Grandfather Frost. Yolupukki. What do you know about Santa Claus. Month. Calendar. Weichnachtsmann. Name the characters and the cartoon.

"White Winter" - How many snowflakes are there. Color circle. Draw the answer. What identical snowflakes were more. How not to do it on the street. Dress Tanya. Finger gymnastics. Snowflakes. Guess a riddle. Sequence of pictures. What identical snowflakes are more. What items are needed for winter activities. Winter. Snowman.

"Month of December" - Nature in the first half of December. The amount of snow. Bad Wolf. Nature in the second half of December. December. The days are getting brighter and lighter. The snow is falling more and more. Sun. Holidays in December. Father Frost. Forest in December. Squirrels gnaw cones. Rivers and lakes. First month of winter. Most Holy holiday in a year.

“Winter time” - We close our eyes, Our eyes rest. No bucket, no brush, no hands, And whitewash all the roofs around. In winter, the whole land is covered with soft, fluffy snow. Make a story about winter according to the plan: What changes occur in winter in inanimate nature? How does the sun shine in winter? Snowflakes flew to the right, Children looked to the right.

In total there are 24 presentations in the topic

January is the beginning of the year, winter is in the middle.

January - the father begins the year, he magnifies winter.

February is strong with a blizzard, March - with a drop

February is rich in snow - April in water.

Leading: All proverbs and signs have been developed by the people for centuries, and passed down from generation to generation. In addition to proverbs, people came up with games for all seasons, and now we are playing a game, the second one is called Golden Gate.

Mobile game: "Golden Gate"

Description of the game: two players stand facing each other and raise their hands up - this is the "Gate". The rest of the players take each other so that a chain is formed. Players - "gates" say a rhyme, and the chain must quickly pass between them.

Golden Gate

They don't always miss.

Saying goodbye for the first time

The second time is forbidden

And for the third time -

We won't miss you.

With these words, hands fall, "The gates slam." Those children who are caught become additional gates. Gates win if they manage to catch all the players.

Leading: We played a little, and now you can relax, everyone sit down on the chairs, it's time for us to move on.

Look all here

It's time to hit the road

Our bell rang

And with the second ringing, January hurries to visit us.

The child goes out, takes an illustration depicting January, reads a poem

January is the beginning of the year

Its frost is strong.

All nature fell asleep.

We don't have thunderstorms now.

Under the snow cover

The earth rests.

In the land big and small

All white fields.

Grab your sled

Run out of the house.

Let's go early

Ride in the snow.

Host: Guys, tell me what you can play outside in winter? What winter games and fun do you know?

Children: we make a snowman, build fortresses, sled, skate, ski, play snowballs.

Host: Do you like to make a snowman? Let's all make an unusual snowman together.

Psychogymnastics "Snowman"

Come on, my friend, be bold, my friend, roll your snowball in the snow (children walk in a circle one after another, pretending to roll a snowball in front of them).

It turned into a thick lump (they stop and “draw” a lump with both hands).

And it will become a lump of a snowman (“Draw” a snowman from three circles of different sizes).

His smile is so bright! (fake a smile)

Two eyes, hat, nose, broom (showing eyes, covering head with palm, showing nose, holding imaginary broom).

But the sun will bake a little - (squat slowly)

Alas - (shrugs)

And no snowman. (spread arms out to sides)

Leading: In January, as a rule, frosts get stronger, winter evenings are long, and in order to pass the time, people invented and told fairy tales, many of which are still being read to you by your mothers. Guys what Russians folk tales You know?

Children name Russian folk tales.

Host: I also have a book with a fairy tale, but the trouble is, the words are lost there. Please help me finish the story and name it. But I have a small condition, the one who guesses what the tale is, raises his hands, and does not tell anyone the name of this tale. On the table I will have pictures depicting fairy tales, the one whom I call comes to the table and finds the tale that we made up, shows it to you. If it's correct, we'll all say together what it's called. Ready. Listen to me carefully.

Quiz on Russian folk tales

"Kolobok"

From flour he was baked,

It was mixed on sour cream,

On the window he was chilling

Along the path.... (rolled)

He was cheerful, he was brave,

And on the way he sang a song.

The bunny wanted to eat it

Gray wolf and brown .... (bear)

And when the baby is in the forest

Met a red (fox)

I couldn't get away from her.

What is a fairy tale? …. (Kolobok)

"The wolf and the seven Young goats"

Seven boys lived

White little ones ... (kids)

Mom loved them

Milk ... (nursed)

Here - teeth click and click -

Gray appeared... (wolf)

Like a goat, that beast sang:

Open up kids... (door)

Your mother has come

Milk to you .... (brought).

We will answer without prompting,

Who managed to save the guys

We know this from a fairy tale

“…. And … ."

"Masha and the Bear"

Masha is sitting in a box,

She is far away (looks)

Who bears it, answer

Quick steps?

And he carries it... (bear)

Along with pies.

The path is not close

Far way.

Misha wants... (relax)

Only Masha does not give

Sit on a stump.

And ruddy pie

On the way to …. (eat)

Spent it baby

He will be smarter in the future.

Here's what book

This "…. And… "

Host: Look, we have pictures on the table with episodes from fairy tales that we have not named. I will show them, and you will call me fairy tales.

Leading: Guys, so that the sun shines brighter, spring comes as soon as possible, people went out into the street and played the game "Burn, burn brightly."

Mobile game "Burn, burn brightly"

Description of the game. Children stand in a circle. With the help of a counting rhyme, a leader is selected who stands with a bell in the middle of the circle.

Children walk in a circle and say the words:

Burn, burn bright

To not go out

Look at the sky

The birds are flying.

The bells are ringing.

After these words, the children stop, and those between whom there will be a leader with a bell, to the words “One, two, three run”, run in a circle in different directions. Whoever picks up the bell first will be the leader. The game is repeated 2-3 times.

Look all here

It's time to hit the road

Our bell rang

And with the third ringing, February hurries to visit us.

The child goes out, takes an illustration depicting February, reads a poem

February brooding and blue…

Beloved brother of spring! February!

And on the birch light frost

Transparent-smoky, like a veil.

More wind, more frost

And the snow sparkles in the moonlight

But sparks of yellow mimosa

They babble sweetly about spring.

Is your heart a white bird

Waving wings, prostrate floor?

The crimson dawn smokes ...

The time of white birds is running out.

Host: guys, think and answer the question, what kind of white birds are we talking about?

Children answer about snowflakes.

Leading: that's right, you guessed the first riddle, of those that I prepared for you, and now listen to me carefully, I'm guessing the remaining riddles.

So that autumn does not get wet,

Not sour from water

He turned puddles into glass

Made the gardens snowy. (freezing)

I wasn't raised.

Blinded from the snow.

Instead of a nose deftly

Put in carrots.

Eyes are coals.

Hands are bitches.

cold, big

Who am I? (snow woman)

He flies from the sky in winter,

Don't go barefoot now

Every person knows

Which is always cold. (snow)

Troika, Troika has arrived,

The horses in that trio are white,

And in the sleigh sits the queen

White braid, white face,

How she waved her sleeve -

All covered with silver. (winter)

Falling from the sky in winter

And circle over the earth

light fluff,

White. (snowflakes)

Leading: Guys, look how much snow fell turned into snowballs. I suggest you collect it, but first line up in one line, remember the names of the winter months and name them in order. You were divided into teams: the first team - December, the second - January, the third - February. We start the game.

Mobile game "Clean up the snowballs with a broom"

The children are divided into three teams. Objective of the game: one by one take a snowball from the hoop and pushing it with a broom, score into the goal. The team that completes the task faster wins.

Summarizing.

Host: Guys, February is the last month of winter. It is at the end of February that people see off the deputy and invite spring, folk festivals go everywhere, and this holiday is called “Maslenitsa”. According to tradition, pancakes are baked and songs are sung on Shrove Tuesday. We also know the Russian folk round dance "Pancakes".

Children perform a round dance "Pancakes"

Host: So our journey through the winter season has ended. We learned the names of the months, new games that you can play in winter, proverbs and signs about winter.

Abstract of a lesson on cognition in the senior group
Topic: “Characteristics of the winter months. January and February.
Objectives: to study the characteristic signs of winter in inanimate nature, winter natural phenomena; introduce the old names of the winter months; learn to identify the winter months by signs.
Tasks:
Clarify and expand children's ideas about winter.
Encourage children to analyze, draw conclusions, correctly formulate their answer.
Develop logical thinking, ingenuity, imagination while guessing riddles.
To promote active and friendly interaction of children with a teacher and peers in solving game and cognitive tasks.
Material: Pictures with signs of winter; Free Images: snowdrift, blizzard, hoarfrost, patterns on glass, snowflakes, waterfalls, rivers, puddles, ice, snowfall, clouds, rain, steam, snowflakes, drops, etc.
1. Organizational moment - Guys, let's play with you. Stand in a circle, I will throw a ball to each of you and name the seasons, and in return you must tell me the color related to this season. (Kids are playing).
2. Conversation about the winter months
- Well done! What time of year are we now?
Children's answers: (Winter)
- After what time of the year does winter come to us? (Children's answers: after autumn).
What do you think winter smells like? (Children's answers: snow, Christmas trees, cold.)
What signs of winter do you know? (Children's answers: it snowed, it became cold, the days became shorter and the nights longer)
Educator: (an illustration of December is posted)
-Brought you riddles, reads a riddle about December:
To fields and meadows
Until the spring snow fell
Only our month will pass,
We are meeting New Year(December)
- The first month of winter is December. In the old days, this month was called like this: jelly, lute, cold. December bridges, December nails, December nails. Among the people, people said: “December puts on a sheepskin coat to toe, paints tricky patterns on the windows, sculpts the eye with snow, freezes behind the ear, pricks.”
-Guys, you know that in ancient times December was called "jelly". Why do you think? (Answers of children).
-It is very cold and cold in December, so we dress warmly. What do we wear? (Answers of children).
(January illustration posted)
Pinch ears, pinch nose
Frost climbs into boots
Splashes into the water, falls.
Not water already, but ice. (January)
-The second month of winter is January. What was January called in the old days?
-People call January blue, cut, as it cuts the winter into two halves. This month, the sun shines more often and the blue sky peeps through.
-Folk proverb says: "January is on the threshold - the day has arrived at the chicken step." In January, children often play different games. What can you play in winter?
(children call winter fun)
(February illustration posted)
Snow falls in bags from the sky
There are snowdrifts from the house,
That snowstorms and snowstorms
The village was raided (February)
- The last month of winter is February. What was February called in the old days?
In February, winter meets spring. In the old days, February was called wind blower, blizzard, bokogrey. Such dissimilar names. What would that mean?
- Wind blower - because strong winds blow in February. Blizzards - because in February there are often blizzards. And bokogrey - because spring is already close and the sun warms up warmer and warmer. And also, perhaps, because when there is wind, a blizzard outside, everyone sits at home and warms their sides by the stove.
Educator: Guys, we walk a lot on the street
-Tell us about your impressions received during observations on walks.
-Look at the illustrations depicting trees in winter. Are all branches of the tree visible? (No, many branches are covered with snow and frost.)
What happened to tree branches in winter? (The branches from the weight of the snow bent to the ground. The tree became spreading.) -What are snowflakes? What do they look like?
Children's answers:
3.Fizminutka
A white snow fell
We're going to a circle.
Snow, snow, White snow -
White snow.
We sit on the sled. The couples run in a circle. One child takes his hands back, the second holds on to them ("sled")
And we quickly rush down the hill
Snow, snow, white snow -
We run the fastest.
The children all got up on skis, They walk slowly in a circle, their arms are bent at the elbows and clenched into fists, as if they are holding ski sticks, their legs slide along the floor.
They ran after each other.
Snow, snow, white snow -
Spins, falls on everyone.
We blinded a lump of snow, “They make snowballs” (palms are held with a “cup”).
They even made a doll.
Snow, snow, white snow - Put your hands on your sides, turn left and right.
The doll came out the best!
The children are tired by the evening. They sway, their hands under their heads (“sleep”).
And they fell asleep in their beds.
Snow, snow, white snow -
The boys are sleeping the best!
4. Questions about winter fairy tales
Educator:
- Tell me, please, children, what fairy tales say about winter?
Children's answers
(The teacher helps if the children find it difficult to answer.)
In which fairy tale did the girl look for snowdrops in winter?
In what fairy tale did the girl knock down the snowy featherbed?
In which fairy tale did the reindeer help the girl?
In which fairy tale did the girl not love the sun?
In what fairy tale, silver coins fell from under the hooves of a deer.
In which fairy tale is the “beaten unbeaten” lucky
Educator:
-Well done guys, you know a lot of fairy tales, I really liked the way you answered today, you probably love winter very much. Can you solve my riddles?
5. Riddles.
No arms, no legs
And he knows how to draw.
-= Frost =-
I lived in the middle of the yard
Where children play
But from the sun
I have become a stream.
-= Snowman =-
Winter on the roofs are gray
Throws seeds -
Growing white carrots
She's under the roof.
-= Icicle =-
Blanket white
Not made by hand.
Not woven and not cut,
It fell from heaven to earth.
-= Snow =-
And not snow, and not ice,
And he will remove the trees with silver.
-=Frost=-
From the sky - a star,
In the palm of your hand - water.
-= Snowflake =-
No planks, no axes
The bridge over the river is ready.
The bridge is like blue glass:
Slippery, fun, light.
-= ice =-
6. Winter signs
Well done, you solved all my riddles. Let's remember what folk omens you know about winter.
Children's answers:
Little snow in winter - summer with rare rains.
Snowy winter - to a long spring and to a rainy summer.
Warm winter - to cold summer.
Dry and Cold winter- to dry and hot summer.
Early in January, the woodpecker begins to knock - by early spring.
In January, many frequent and long icicles hang - the harvest will be good.
Frosty January is a fruitful year.
7. Reflection.
- Well done boys. Now tell me, what did we do today? (children's answers: played, solved riddles)
What season were they talking about?
-What months?
- It was interesting? What new words have you learned?

Lesson objectives: clarify children's ideas about the essential features of February: winds blow, blizzards, there are strong snowstorms at night, but the day increases, the sun peeps out more often; .

Doctor Air comes to visit.

Doctor Air.

Now snowstorms, then blizzards

They flew into our village.

The frost is strong at night

In the daytime, a drop is heard ringing.

The day has grown noticeably.

Well, so what month is it?

(February.)

So we waited for the last month of winter. The younger brother of the winter months is February. Name the older brother of the winter months, the middle one. (Children's answers.)

February has two friends: wind and blizzard. The wind whistles, howls, whirls. A blizzard will fly in, fill up all the paths and roads with huge snowdrifts - do not step over, do not jump over. The winter-queen does not want to get out. And the plants are already preparing for the meeting with spring. As soon as the sun warms up, they will begin to open their kidneys. Everyone is waiting for the arrival of spring.

The game "Choose a Sign".

IN. In February, what kind of snow (blizzard, sun, frost, day, etc.)?

Doctor Air invites children to visit Dr. Sun.

Doctor Sun invites children to play. Turns them into "I only hear", "I only see", "I only feel" wizards.

Wizard Journey game.

Children go on a trip through the winter month of February. Wizards are invited to answer questions. What the "I only see" wizards saw, what the "I only hear" wizards heard, what the "I only feel" wizards felt.

Dr. Sun, Dr. Water, Dr. Air and Dr. Nature invite children to remember what they have learned about winter.

Game "Winter months".

The doctors are called winter month, and the children should tell its signs.

Good or bad game.

Doctor Nature asks questions: “How is winter useful (dangerous) for health?”

Pfebruary rimes

• The beginning of February is more beautiful - wait for the spring to be more beautiful.
• Cold northern winds in February - for the harvest.
• Warm February portends a cold spring with frosts.
• Fogs in February herald a rainy year.
• February is cold and dry - August is hot.
• In February, there is a lot of frost on the trees - there will be a lot of honey.