Lesson summary on the topic “Information technology. Conducting lessons using information technology Lesson plan on information technology

Lesson 1. Information Technology in society.

Date of:_______

Type of lesson: discovery of new knowledge.

Planned educational results:

Subject:

formation of general ideas aboutthe role of information technology in society, the stages and prospects of its development;

Metasubject:

be able to bind learning content with own life experience and understand the significance of the subject in the modern information society

Personal:

development of speech, thinking, imagination of schoolchildren;

the desire of students to improve their communication skills;

formationability to communicate and work in a team.

Lesson objectives:

1) acquaintance of students with the concept of information technology in society ;

2) studying the rules and norms of behavior when communicating on the global Internet;

3) acquaintance with laws of information technology development ;

Technology used: system-activity approach.

Organizational forms of education: group, frontal.

Teaching methods: research, visual and illustrative.

Lesson stages

Organizational. (3 minutes)

Updating knowledge (7-10 minutes)

Introduction of a new topic (15-18 minutes)

Reflection (4-7 minutes)

homework (2-3 minutes)

During the classes

III. Introduction of a new topic (15-18 minutes T)

Human society is constantly evolving and changing throughout its history. The rules and norms of communication between people are also different depending on the historical era, customs and traditions of a certain people. What do you think, has the development of the Internet and the introduction of information technology into the everyday life of a person brought certain changes in society?

concept Information society inextricably linked with technological level of development. In the information society, the main resource is information; in such a society, most people are hushed up by the production, storage, processing and transmission of information.

What are the characteristics of the information society?

availability of computers;

the level of development of computer networks;

the proportion of the population employed in the information sector, as well as using information technology in their daily lives.

Currently, no state can be called an information society, but some have come close to it. What countries do you think these are? ( Japan, USA and some countriesEuropean Union).

In the information society, human activity will be
largely depend on the ability to effectively use the available
information.

So, we now know what the information society is. Let us now formulate the concept of information technology in society.

Information technology (IT) is a process that uses a set of methods and software and hardware tools to collect, process, store, transmit and present information in order to obtain information of a new quality, reduce labor intensity and increase the efficiency of information resource use processes.

The use of computers in all spheres of human activity will allow:

provide access to reliable sources of information;

save a person from routine work;

accelerate the adoption of optimal decisions;

Aautomate information processing.

As a result, the production of an information product will become the main area of human activity. This process will lead to the creation of an information society in which leading role knowledge and intellect will play.

The creation of the international computer network Internet played a huge role in the advancement of mankind along the path to the information society. Today it is a colossal and rapidly growing system.

Now everywhere we see signs of approaching our society to the information society. Everyone has a TV at home, a telephone, most of them have a computer connected to the Internet, and a mobile phone. New professions have appeared, such as a programmer, a system administrator. Many professions have changed a lot with the advent of computers.

Do you think there are rules and norms for communication on the global Internet?

In social networks, forms and various chats, which are enough in the vastness of the global network, just like in ordinary life, people communicate and exchange information. Therefore, you should not forget about communication etiquette if you are typing a message in social network to your classmate or send a business email. I present to you ten commandments of Internet etiquette. Let's discuss them and imagine the communication of people without observing these rules.

1. Remember the person! Do not forget that even through a dead network and a computer stuffed with electronics, you communicate with a living person. And often - with many people at the same time ... Do not let yourself be drugged by an atmosphere of anonymity and permissiveness - remember that on the other end of the wire is the same person as you ... When composing an email, imagine that you are saying all this directly to a person’s face - and try not to be ashamed of your words. Hence the second rule:

2. Follow the same rules online that you follow in real life. Violation of the laws of human communication, moral rules or norms public life Networks, perhaps, will pass for you with relative impunity ... But will your conscience be clear? However, do not forget about the third rule:

3.Remember that you are in cyberspace! Its boundaries are much wider than the boundaries of the human society we are used to, and different parts of it can have their own laws. Therefore, when faced with a new type of communication for you on the Web, study its laws and recognize their priority. Let's say every newsgroup, forum, or even IRC channel has its own, local rules - check them out before posting your first message! And most importantly - remember the unwritten rules: for example, the fourth rule:

4. Take care of the time and opinion of other people! Ask for help only when it is really necessary - and in this case you can always count on the help and support of your colleagues. However, do not pull other users over trifles - otherwise, in the end, they will simply stop communicating with you. Remember that network time is not only limited, but also very expensive for many! And, in addition to your problems, your interlocutors may also have their own ... However, this principle has a downside, fixed in the fifth rule:

5. Try to look decent in the eyes of your interlocutors! Don't waste your time on "conventions" like good manners or, say, rules of grammar and spelling. Even compliments lose weight and persuasiveness, being embodied in this form:

"Priet dude I'm obsessed with you and your books write cool stuff"

From this rule follows the sixth rule:

6. Do not neglect the advice of experts and share your knowledge with others! Be grateful to those who spend their time answering your questions. But when you receive a letter with a question from another user, do not rush to send this message to the wastebasket, no matter how ridiculous and naive it may seem. Hence the seventh rule:

7. Keep passions. No etiquette forbids entering into discussions, but do not stoop to swearing and swearing - even if your counterpart deliberately provokes you to do so.

8. Treat with respect not only your own, but also other people's privacy! If for some reason you want to remain anonymous on the Web, recognize these rights for your interlocutor as well. Moreover - he has the right to anonymity and privacy, even if you speak "with an open visor." A side effect of this rule: do not publish information from your private messages without the consent of their senders, do not delve into other people's mailboxes and, ultimately, into other people's computers! Gentlemen hackers, this applies directly to you ... As well as the following rule:

9. Do not abuse your power and influence on the Web! It's hard to win trust, but it's so easy to lose it!
And finally - the last, most important rule:

10. Be tolerant of the shortcomings of the people around you! Do not look at whether or not your interlocutors observe the rules of network etiquette, observe them yourself! In the end, very politely recommend the interlocutor to familiarize themselves with these rules ...

Technology is understood as a set of methods, methods and techniques used to obtain a certain type of product. With the development of material production, production technologies were created and developed in industry and agriculture.

Information technology refers to the field of information activity of people. Book publishing, television and radio broadcasting, newspaper publishing, librarianship and much more have created their own technologies. Any education, including school, requires special tricks i.e. technology.

Technology - it is a precisely calculated process of obtaining a predictable (predetermined) result. This Property is the most important characteristic of technology, which distinguishes it from other processes, for example, an experiment, where the result cannot be predicted in advance, etc.

Information technologies based on modern computer technology are often referred to as new information technologies (NITs). NIT arise at the crossroads of traditional (non-computer) technologies and computer methods of information processing.

Let us list some of the BITs that are currently widely used.

Preparation of documents

Almost any business area is associated with the preparation of documentation: reporting, directive, reference, accompanying, etc. The use of computers for these purposes has become ubiquitous.

The computer in the office performs many tasks that can be divided into two categories: regulated and non-regulated. Regulated are those that are regularly repeated, issuing documents of the same type that differ from each other in sets of numerical data or text fragments. Examples are a payroll sheet, a class journal, a company's monthly financial report, etc. To prepare each of these documents, a special program is used that automatically (from a database) enters new information into pre-prepared standard forms.

Unregulated work is more diverse, it is impossible to stock up on special programs for them, and they are usually performed using office software. general purpose(word processors, graphic editors, presentation programs, etc.).

Search for information

Everyone who has been and worked in a large library knows how difficult it is sometimes to find the right book, especially if the exact bibliographic data is not known, but only the subject matter is known. Modern information retrieval systems have completely transformed the technology of information retrieval. Computer systems for searching books and magazines have become quite common in libraries. In the process of preparatory work, electronic file cabinets are created, and a list of selected books appears on the screen of the library computer upon request by subject.

When we look for information outside the library, we turn to modern search engines, usually working through computer networks. Search engines on the Internet often find so much information on request that it becomes a problem to select the most relevant information for the client. Moreover, unlike libraries, we are talking not only about books, but also about information presented in any other sources and in a wide variety of forms (including audio).

New data retrieval technologies have also given rise to new forms of data description and systematization. Thus, indexing is widely used in computer search engines - ordered lists by different keys. Traditional numerical classification systems (UDC - universal decimal classification) continue to be used. Index lists are used keywords, according to the thesaurus.

Due to the high speed of modern computers, it is possible to search through all the texts stored in the system (for the presence of the requested word or group of words).

Assistance in making managerial decisions

Twenty years ago, automated control systems - automated control systems - began to be introduced at many enterprises in the country. However, initially they did not act very effectively. To date, great changes have taken place in this area: new concepts have arisen, the technical and software-information base has changed. As a result, the effectiveness of the ACS has increased significantly.

The classical automated control system includes a system for collecting information, a database, a system for processing and analyzing information, and a system for generating output information. The block for processing and analyzing information is central. He solves the problems of assessing and forecasting the activities of an enterprise, responding to unforeseen and failure situations that require immediate action, performing design and technological and financial and accounting calculations, etc. His work is based on an economic and mathematical model of an enterprise, which is of an optimization nature. As a rule, automated control systems operate on the basis of a computer local area network of an enterprise, which gives the system flexibility and efficiency.

Process control

Thanks to microprocessor technology, it has become possible to create systems that take control of individual mechanisms and even entire technological processes. At the same time, there are automated systems in which a person is directly involved in the technological process, and automatic systems in which a person is practically removed from control.

The problem of direct human participation in management technological process most often associated with the speed of this process. If the speed exceeds human capabilities, then the operation of such systems is fully automated. For example, when a spacecraft is launched, hundreds of sensors transmit information about the progress of the flight to the ground-based computing complex, and, in case of malfunctions, fractions of a second may remain to make a decision, that is, a person simply does not have time to react. In this case, the program (which, of course, was composed by people) reacts.

Computer aided design

Informatization has produced another extremely important technology - computer-aided design (CAD) systems.

Design includes the creation of sketches and drawings, the production of economic and technical calculations, work with documentation, modeling, etc.

Modern CAD is a highly professional program that takes on many of these activities.

There are two types of CAD systems: drawing and specialized for certain types of products. Drawing CAD systems are universal, they allow you to perform complex drawings in any area of technical design. A specialized CAD system, for example, for the design of residential buildings, contains in the database all the necessary information about building materials - both technical and economic, about standard building structures, foundations, etc. The design engineer creates an image of the house, its technical and economic calculations, drawings without the once familiar drawing board and drawing tools. All this radically improves the design process.

Geoinformation technologies

This is the name of the latest information technologies that led to the creation of the most modern class of information systems - Geographic Information Systems (GIS). These systems store data linked to a geographical map of the area (district, city, country, etc.).

For example, a municipal GIS stores in its databases the information necessary for all services that support the life of the city: city authorities, power engineers, water management specialists, signalmen, tax authorities, social protection authorities, police, medical services, etc. All this heterogeneous information is linked to the city map, which is the organizing basis of the GIS. Thanks to special technological methods, this map allows scaling, that is, a piece can be “cut out” from it (by simply tracing it on the screen with a contour with the mouse) and enlarged. By clicking on an object on the screen, instead of a map, we get a database with a description of this object.

There are GIS on a much larger scale: regional, state, international. For example, the GIS "Black Sea" was created through the efforts of a number of states. It should be understood that the creation of a GIS is a laborious and expensive matter, but the efficiency of its application is extremely high.

Information technology in education

Education reaches millions of people. There are systems of secondary, higher, additional education, systems of advanced training, retraining of personnel, etc. A specialist of the 21st century will be placed in such conditions when he will almost constantly have to learn something. Society is faced with the task of creating a system of continuous education that will serve a significant part of the population.

Learning technologies have changed little over the past 100 years. So far, the method of collective learning has been mainly used: one teacher per group of students. Not always this way of teaching gives good results. The reason lies in the difference in the individual abilities and capabilities of students.

The path of improvement lies through the individualization of learning. Already now, NIT tools in training help to solve this problem:

Use of special programs (training, training, control, etc.) in an individual mode. The totality of such programs in a particular subject (or section) forms what is called electronic textbook. When creating electronic textbooks, multimedia technologies are widely used.

Another problem of the education system (most of all this applies to higher and special education) is the unequal conditions for people in the opportunity to receive a quality education due to geographical remoteness from educational centers, due to the limited capacity of universities, etc. In solving this problem, help comes a new form of learning:

Remote education using computer networks. There are several distance education technologies that are currently competing with each other and being tested.

Questions and tasks

What do the terms "technology", "information technology", BAT mean?
List the main problems solved by means of NIT.
What forms of NIT have you dealt with? Tag them positive sides and possible disadvantages.

blackboard sketch project
Conducting the lesson is accompanied by a demonstration of the presentation "Information Technology" using a multimedia projector. Presentation created in application program MS PowerPoint.

Used Books:

Makarova N.V. Computer science program (system-information concept). To a set of textbooks on informatics grades 5-11. St. Petersburg: Peter. 2000.
Computer science. 5-11 grade. / Ed. N.V. Makarova. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2001
Kolyada M.G. Window in wonderful world informatics. ICF "Stalker", 1997
Shafrin Yu.A. Fundamentals of computer technology. Textbook for grades 7 - 11 on the course "Informatics and Computer Engineering" - Moscow: ABF, 1996
Efimova O.V., Moiseeva M.V., Yu.A. Shafrin Workshop on computer technology. Examples and exercises. Manual for the course "Informatics and Computer Engineering" - Moscow: ABF, 1997
Goryachev A., Shafrin Yu. Workshop on information technologies. M.: Laboratory of basic knowledge, 2001
Semakin I.G., Sheina T.Yu. Teaching a course of computer science in high school. M.: Laboratory of basic knowledge, 2002
Simonovich S.V., Evseev G.A. Practical informatics. Tutorial for high school. Universal course. - Moscow: AST-PRESS: Inform-Press, 1998
Simonovich S.V. computer in your school. M.: AST-PRESS: Informkom-Press, 2001
Simonovich S.V., Evseev G.A. Entertaining computer. A book for children, teachers and parents. Moscow: AST-PRESS: Informkom-Press, 2002

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Plan

Introduction

1. Theoretical part

1.1 A modern lesson using information communication technologies

1.2 Model of conducting a lesson using multimedia courses on CD-ROM

1.3 Model of conducting a lesson using Internet resources

1.4 Information technology and health issues

Conclusion

Bibliographic list

Introduction

The initial condition for considering the topic is the social order of society to ensure the quality of natural science education.

Other essential condition is the need of society for an educated person who has developed skills of self-education, striving for self-determination and self-realization.

The third condition for the submission of work can be considered the requirements for a teacher by modern society.

The entry of the national school and pedagogy into the world cultural and educational space, the formation of the personality of an innovative type specialist conditioned the need to review and qualitatively update the structure, content, forms and methods of the training session, the development and implementation of information technologies pedagogical activity. This, in my opinion, is fully facilitated by conducting lessons using information technology, which formed the basis of the project.

The relevance of the topic is determined by contradictions:

1. Between the social order of society for deep, strong, systematic, effective knowledge of students in chemistry and the discrepancy in a sufficient degree of the quality of training of students in these subjects.

2. Between the growing need for productive cooperation between the subjects of the learning process and the low level of feedback in the teacher-student and student-teacher systems.

3. Between a weak material base modern education and the requirements of computerization of education and the introduction of active pedagogical technologies.

4. Between the need to increase educational information and opportunities for students to assimilate this information.

Today, new technical means with colossal educational resources have appeared that fundamentally affect the organization of the educational process, increasing its capabilities. New information tools are becoming an integral part of the educational process, introducing specifics into it in the form of the inseparability of methods and means. This quality already allows us to speak of peculiar pedagogical technologies based on the use of modern information and computer tools.

1. Ttheoretical part

1. 1 Modern lesson using information and communication technologies

The use of modern information and communication technologies in the educational process significantly expands the educational and information space of the subject being studied; improves in the process of preparing for classes the skills of information culture; allows you to actively use the resources of the Internet.

The lesson remains the main form of organizing the assimilation of content, however, taking into account the specifics of ICT, its purpose is changing. Education is focused on meeting the cognitive needs of schoolchildren, providing maximum freedom of initial choice and subsequent mobility of the individual, such education should provide everyone with their own possible trajectory of movement.

The form of education is the organizational side of education, which provides for the composition and grouping of schoolchildren, the structure of classes, the place and duration of its conduct, the role and specifics of the activities of students. Traditional forms of education include: a lecture, a practical lesson, a group exercise, a seminar, etc. With ITO, the forms of conducting classes may remain the same, but at the same time, the methods and content of their conduct change radically, which primarily depends on the chosen teaching method and the computer or other information tools used. They become inherent in such properties as problematic, visual, emotional, high activity, the presence of a game situation. In this regard, it is possible to suggest the use of the following types of classes: a problem lecture, a lecture-consultation using dynamic and static computer slides, a discussion seminar, a computer workshop, a business game with simulation of emergency situations on a computer, independent programming using instrumental computer shells, teleconferencing and others.

The choice of teaching methods, forms of work in the lesson is determined by the goals and objectives of the lesson, taking into account the abilities, skills and abilities of schoolchildren, a large role is given to their activity and independence.

The teaching method is a system of regulatory principles and rules for the purposeful activity of a teacher and students, realized through a combination of methodological techniques solving certain didactic problems.

Among the teaching methods known in didactics, productive methods occupy a special place in this technology: discussion groups, a forum of project groups, etc. These methods can be effectively applied to groups of students distributed in time and space (in the so-called virtual classes). The basis of these methods is telecommunication networks and information technologies of network training. Table 1 shows how teaching methods are being transformed and supplemented through the use of computer technology and multimedia software.

Thus, according to this model, the lesson is presented as a purposeful combination of situations, covering students, teachers, learning content, equipment and a kind of organization (Table 1). Such lessons should be designed by the teachers themselves for a particular subject, for a given school, for a specific composition of students, taking into account the general and special conditions in which the learning process will take place.

Table 1 Features of the use of computer technology and software multimedia tools

Traditional teaching methods	Traditional means and their didactic possibilities	Improvement through the use of IT software and hardware
Verbal: story, conversation, explanation, briefing	Spoken word, printed word (textbooks and teaching aids, books) The leading medium is a living word that can be easily combined with other teaching aids. Allows in a short time to enrich the memory of students with generalized scientific knowledge.	Submission of textual information from the screen, communication of knowledge (the text is read by the announcer of the program). Ability to repeat exactly the same content over and over again. Hyperlinks allow you to quickly find the information you need.
Visual: demonstration, layout, demonstration of a labor technique or operation, screen demonstration	Natural objects, models, layouts, collections, tables, posters, diagrams, illustrations, videos. Static screen demo. Observation of stationary objects.	Multimedia display of techniques and operations; virtual transformation of objects in space and on a plane; visualization of processes that are impossible to consider in real conditions Learning information is better absorbed, since all senses are involved
Practical: exercise, practical and laboratory work	Training tasks for practical work Educational practice when performing exercises, practical and laboratory work	Virtual practical action, planar and spatial modeling of objects, automation of individual operations. There is a logical processing of practical material, the number of organizational moments is reduced
Control methods: oral and written survey, test, self-control and self-esteem	Test or control task, questions and problem situations Checking the progress and results of students mastering theoretical and practical educational material	Machine instruction and control. Fast and objective evaluation of results. Operational self-assessment and correction of results

1. 2 Model of the lesson usingmultimedia courses on CD-ROM

A media lesson can take place in a computer class or in a classroom equipped with a multimedia projector and helps to solve the following didactic tasks: to acquire basic knowledge of the subject, to systematize the acquired knowledge, to form self-control skills, to provide educational and methodological assistance to students in independent work on educational material. In the arsenal modern methodology various purposes and ways of using multimedia courses on CD-ROM: creating texts, creating lesson models, final assessment of students in various forms, creating independent educational sites, creating educational presentations. computer multimedia communication

In this lesson, two new components of the educational process are involved in the transfer and assimilation of educational information:

1. The computer organically takes the place of a new universal technical means of training and development.

2. The software contains clearly structured educational information in the text form of diagrams, drawings, tables, video clips, equipped with sound and animation effects, complement the technology of teaching the subject.

The media lesson has its own methodological capabilities and advantages:

increasing the efficiency of the educational process due to the simultaneous presentation of theoretical information by the teacher and the display of demonstration material with a high degree of clarity; the emergence of the ability to model objects and phenomena; automation of routine operations, etc.;

the opportunity to teach schoolchildren to use computer technology to solve educational and labor problems, due to the practical processing of educational information on a computer;

organization individual work schoolchildren, the development of their cognitive independence and creativity;

increasing motivation for learning due to the attractiveness of the computer, which increases when using multimedia lessons;

development of visual-figurative thinking, motor and verbal communication skills of students;

the formation of skills for working with information (search, selection, processing, ordering and allocation of semantic groups, building logical connections, etc.), the formation of a student's information culture.

Class work can be organized:

Frontally (viewing video clips, observing changes in objects);

individually (execution practical work, problem solving);

Small groups (execution of a training project, setting up an experiment, etc.)

The structure of the lesson can reflect all the components and links of the learning process, as well as the mandatory alternation of activities with and without a computer. Undoubtedly, the choice of optimal organizational forms and methods remains with the teacher.

1.3 The model of the lesson withchange of Internet resources

The methodology for using Internet resources in a lesson is based on the ability to use the following methodological techniques:

1. The use of the resources of the Network by the teacher: the study of sites on topics of interest, Team work with other classes and subject teachers; publication of own materials on the Web; usage.

2. Using the resources of the Network by students: when studying textual material and search materials online.

3. Knowledge control: tests with self-examination, online competitions, olympiads, quizzes.

It is especially interesting to use Internet materials when working on a project. The search for the necessary information leads the project participants to virtual libraries, databases, virtual cafes and museums, to various educational information servers. The need for live communication with real partners turns its participants to the possibilities of e-mail and teleconferencing. The need to prepare a joint product or project presented by each participant to their audience or on Internet Web pages requires access to text, graphic editors, the use of various network programs that allow the use of graphics, animation, and animation. Thus, the project becomes interdisciplinary.

In addition to joint projects in extracurricular activities, students can independently work on studying various courses on the Web for different categories of students intended for self-education, comprehend the information received, and publish their own materials on the Web.

Methodology for organizing a lesson using the Internet.

1. The teacher plans his lessons using Internet resources. Selects courses, topics, in the study of which Internet resources will most organically fit into the educational process.

2. The teacher preliminarily finds the best resources and makes a list of sites that students need to get acquainted with by completing the task of the teacher.

3. It is essential that information found on the Web is not found in traditional sources. It is very important at this stage to see the help of the teacher in the evaluation of information.

4. Students publicly present completed assignments. It is well known that the best way to understand and remember the material is when it is explained to each other. The volume and form of the story is determined by the teacher individually.

5. Monitoring the effectiveness of learning outcomes with the involvement of Internet resources.

With this approach to learning using information technology, the consciousness of the student gradually passes into a state in which the student tries to show his abilities at a constructive level. Students demonstrate the ability to independently build a solution algorithm, which is impossible without activating the creative level. Usage interactive environment allows to ensure the deepening of the activity approach in teaching the subject, to put into practice a variant of developmental education.

Possibilities distance learning

The ability to educate yourself is a very important indicator of the quality of education. And this motive needs to be formed. Today, tens of thousands of Russian schools work with e-mail, use remote access to information databases and educational resources on the Internet, create their own websites, participate in interschool and international projects using e-mail, chat, web-conferences. Let's see: what do we have? On the one hand, a student who went online to solve some of his informational problems. On the other hand, among the vast array of resources, there are educational centers offering distance learning services. For what purpose does the user go online? The goals may be different. Basically it is entertaining, educational, informative, communication. But for a student to go to educational resources, he must have a motive to learn. Agree, it will not arise by itself, especially when there are great opportunities for entertainment nearby, many of which are free. And learning is work. So, our task is to orient the student to use the Internet to gain knowledge.

Since the 2006-2007 academic year, involving my children in distance activities: heuristic olympiads, projects, courses, I was convinced that the productivity of education can significantly increase through distance learning. However, some problems have also emerged. It turned out to be not easy to involve students in distance education. There are several reasons for this. First, for this type of training you need to pay. For our parents, this is still a weighty argument. Having learned about this, almost 70% of students who initially want to take part in distance olympiads, projects, not to mention courses, are eliminated. And one more factor: this kind of education is based on the creative component. Tasks presented especially at heuristic olympiads confuse many children. No, the tasks, in my opinion, are simply wonderful. But the skill of creativity has not yet been formed in the bulk of the guys. Because of this, disappointment comes and, what is most unpleasant, disappointment in the student in his own abilities.

Our school has a creative group for the implementation of distance learning. Fundamentals of distance pedagogy, features of development and implementation distance courses we studied on the basis of the experience of domestic schools that carry out distance activities together with the Eidos Center for Distance Education, which is headed by Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Academician Andrey Viktorovich Khutorskoy. It was his work on the problems of distance education, heuristic technologies and teaching methods that formed the basis of our theoretical foundation. We hope that next academic year we will be able to offer the guys a course on learning at a distance level.

The content of school education has considerable inertia. There are explanations for this, and in general this is a largely positive trend. But even the best education cannot but be modernized in order to meet the new needs of society. The teacher, in order to be an interesting student, in demand in the professional community, it is necessary, taking into account all the positive things in traditional pedagogy, to boldly introduce pedagogical innovations into the educational process.

1.4 Information technology and the problem of health

There is an effect of the frequency of use of audiovisual aids on the effectiveness of the learning process. It is due to the fact that TSOs affect the evaluative and motivational sphere of the individual. If TSS is used very rarely, then each of their use turns into an emergency event and again creates increased emotional arousal in students, which interferes with the perception and assimilation of educational material. On the contrary, too frequent use of TCO for many lessons in a row leads to students losing interest in them.

According to data published in the literature, the optimal frequency and duration of the use of traditional TSS in the educational process is determined by the age of students, the nature of the subject and the need for their use in the cognitive activity of students.

The effectiveness of the application of TCO also depends on the stage of the lesson. The use of TCO should not last more than 20 minutes in a lesson in a row: students get tired, stop understanding, and cannot comprehend new information.

Using TCO at the beginning of the lesson (by 5 minutes) reduces the preparation period from 3 minutes to 0.5 minutes later than usual. The use of TCO in the intervals of 15 and 20 minutes and between 30 and 35 minutes allows you to maintain a steady attention of students almost throughout the lesson.

These provisions are due to the fact that during each lesson, students periodically change the characteristics of visual and auditory perception (their sharpness, thresholds, sensitivity), attention, fatigue.

With the monotonous use of one means of new material, by the 30th minute, students experience transcendental inhibition, which almost completely excludes the perception of information. At the same time, the correct alternation of means and methods of teaching can eliminate this phenomenon.

Periods of intense mental work and strong-willed efforts must be alternated with emotional relaxation, relaxation of visual and auditory perception. The use of a personal computer adds electromagnetic radiation to the negative factors.

The time of continuous work on the computer during the lesson, according to sanitary "norms", is: for students elementary school- 10-15 minutes, middle level - 20 - 25 minutes, senior level - 30 minutes.

The total total time of work per day is 50, 120, 200 minutes, respectively.

Therefore, in order to avoid overwork of students in the lessons using information technology, it is necessary to include in the lesson plan various exercises to relieve tension and fatigue when working with a computer or multimedia projector.

For example:

Eye exercises:

1. Close your eyes, without straining the eye muscles, at the expense of 1-4, open your eyes wide and look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

2. Look at the tip of the nose at the expense of 1-4, and then look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

General stress relief exercises:

1. Starting position - legs apart, arms bent, hands clenched. At the expense of "one" - "hit" with the right hand forward with a turn of the torso to the left, "two" - i.p. then the same on the other side. Repeat 6-8 times. Don't hold your breath.

2. I.P. - arms to the sides, torso and head turn to the left. Hands up, put behind the head Repeat 4-6 times on each side. The pace is slow.

To relieve fatigue of the shoulder girdle and arms.

1) At the expense of "one" - hands forward, palms down, at the expense of "two" - "four" - zigzag movements of the arms to the sides. On the count of "five" - "six" - hands forward, on "seven" - "eight" - hands relaxed down. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is average.

Conclusion

The educational space these days is flooded with computer training programs containing all kinds of presentations, which, of course, are a good help in learning. They orient students to a free pace of learning, individual logic of knowledge. Knowledge control is carried out immediately.

In the lesson of the creative application of knowledge, the undoubted advantage of using information technology is the possibility of organizing students' independent design of learning tasks. They easily master the Power Point program, under the guidance of a teacher, being engaged in co-creation: they compose learning objectives, texts, create animations, lessons - presentations, which undoubtedly improves the quality of the lesson and their interest in the subject.

It would seem that the goal of these programs has been achieved: the student can do without a teacher, but, in my opinion, in fact, the introduction of information technology in mass school shows that the role of the teacher is still very important.

So, the use of computer technology allows:

freely operate with a huge amount of factual material, which is equally accessible to the student;

quickly change the content of the lesson, adapting it to a specific task;

· successfully organize versatile activities, using multi-variant presentation of the material;

Activate the cognitive activity of students in the classroom and increase their motivation for learning;

Implement a differentiated approach to educational process students.

I want to make a reservation that the benefits received do not solve all the problems of teaching. Like any technology in demand, computer technology is effective because it is more adequate in a given period of time.

Bibliographic list

1. Astvatsaturov G. Technology for constructing a multimedia lesson, Teacher No. 2, 2004.

2. Vagramenko Ya.A., Information technologies in the educational process, journal Education and Society No. 5, 2005.

3. Williams R., McLean K. Computers at school. M., 1998.

4. Castells M. information age. Economy, society and culture. M., 2000.

5. Information and computer facilities at school. Yaroslavl, IRO, 2003.

6. Selemenev S., Multimedia textbook, Teacher No. 2, 2004.

7. Chekhonina S.A., The use of information technology in the educational process, journal Srednee professional education №10, 2003.

8. Information and computer facilities at school. Yaroslavl, IRO, 2003.

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Lesson summary on the topic “Information technology. Conducting lessons using information technology Lesson plan on information technology

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