The circulation pump is a small device whose main task is to improve the operation and increase the performance of the heating system. It cuts directly into the pipeline, optimizing the speed of movement of the heat carrier. Thanks to this, even a house with a large living area will be heated quickly enough.

To buy the optimal model, you have to figure out how to calculate the pump for heating and what nuances to focus on when choosing. Our article is devoted to these issues - in this material we examined an example of calculating equipment, paid attention to the principle of operation and the main types of pumps.

We also provided recommendations on the selection, installation and safe operation of pumping equipment, providing the article with visual and photo and suitable videos with the calculation of the required power of the device and tips for installing it in the heating circuit.

The main problem for residents of the last floors of an apartment building and owners of country cottages is cold batteries. In the first case, the coolant simply does not reach their homes, and in the second, the farthest sections of the pipeline are not heated. And all this is due to insufficient.

When should a pump be used?

The only correct solution in a situation with insufficient pressure will be the modernization of the heating system with a coolant circulating under the influence of gravity. This is where pumping comes in handy. Basic schemes for organizing heating with pump circulation.

This option will also be effective for owners of private houses, allowing you to significantly reduce heating costs. A significant advantage of such circulating equipment is the ability to change the speed of the coolant. The main thing is not to exceed the maximum allowable readings for the diameter of the pipes of your heating system in order to avoid excessive noise during the operation of the unit.

So, for living rooms with a nominal pipe passage of 20 mm or more, the speed is 1 m / s. If you set this parameter to the highest value, then you can a short time warm up the house, which is important in the case when the owners were away and the building had time to cool down. This will allow you to get the maximum amount of heat with minimal time.

The pump is an important element of the home heating system. It helps to increase its efficiency and reduce fuel consumption.

The principle of operation of the device

The circulation unit is powered by an electric motor. It takes the heated water from one side and pushes it into the pipeline on the other. And from this side a new portion arrives again and everything repeats.

It is due to centrifugal force that the heat carrier moves through the pipes of the heating system. The operation of the pump is a bit like the operation of a fan, only it is not the air that circulates through the room, but the coolant through the pipeline.

The body of the device is necessarily made of corrosion-resistant materials, and ceramics are usually used to manufacture the shaft, rotor and wheel with blades.

The main types of pumps for heating

All equipment offered by manufacturers is divided into two large groups: "wet" or "dry" type pumps. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, which must be taken into account when choosing.

Wet equipment

Heating pumps, called "wet", differ from their counterparts in that their impeller and rotor are placed in a heat carrier. In this case, the electric motor is in a sealed box where moisture cannot get.

This option is an ideal solution for small country houses. Such devices are distinguished by their noiselessness and do not require thorough and frequent maintenance. In addition, they are easily repaired, adjusted and can be used with a stable or slightly changing level of water flow.

A distinctive feature of modern models of "wet" pumps is their ease of operation. Thanks to the presence of "smart" automation, you can increase productivity or switch the level of windings without any problems.

As for the disadvantages, the above category is characterized by low productivity. This minus is due to the impossibility of ensuring high tightness of the sleeve separating the heat carrier and the stator.

"Dry" variety of devices

This category of devices is characterized by the absence of direct contact of the rotor with the heated water it pumps. The entire working part of the equipment is separated from the electric motor by rubber protective rings.

The main feature of such heating equipment is high efficiency. But from this advantage follows a significant disadvantage in the form of high noise. The problem is solved by installing the unit in a separate room with good sound insulation.

When choosing, it is worth considering the fact that the “dry” type pump creates air turbulence, so small dust particles can rise, which will adversely affect the sealing elements and, accordingly, the tightness of the device.

Manufacturers solved this problem this way: when the equipment is operating, a thin water layer is created between the rubber rings. It performs the function of lubrication and prevents the destruction of sealing parts.

Devices, in turn, are divided into three subgroups:

• vertical;
• block;
• console.

The peculiarity of the first category is the vertical arrangement of the electric motor. Such equipment should be bought only if it is planned to pump a large amount of heat carrier. As for block pumps, they are installed on a flat concrete surface.

Block pumps are intended for use in industrial purposes, when large flow and pressure characteristics are required

Console devices are characterized by the location of the suction pipe on the outside of the cochlea, while the discharge pipe is located on the opposite side of the body.

We talked in more detail about the device and the principle of operation of pumps.

What to look for when choosing a pump?

Pump selection for autonomous heating must be done based on the hydraulic characteristics of the heating system country house. Therefore, before visiting the store, it is necessary to calculate the optimal amount of heat that will be required to maintain a comfortable temperature in the rooms.

Rules and nuances of equipment operation

The circulation pump is bought not for a year or even for two. Therefore, every owner of a country house must make sure that the equipment is in good working order during for long years. To achieve the reliability and correct operation of the device is possible only in the case of correct and timely maintenance.

The following aspects must be included in the list of basic rules for operating a heating pump:

• it is forbidden to turn on the device with zero supply;
• make sure the equipment is grounded;
• check that the electric motor does not heat up above the permissible norm;
• check the connection in the terminal box for damage/absence and all cables must be completely dry;
• make sure that no extraneous noise or vibration occurs during the start of the device;
• the equipment must operate with the level of coolant flow recommended by the manufacturer;
• forbidden to run circulation pump without water.

If the equipment is idle for a long time, then it is recommended to turn it on for 10-30 minutes every month. Such a simple rule will help to avoid oxidation and, as a result, blocking of the shaft.

In the event of any failures or problems in the operation of the pump, call the wizard as soon as possible. This will help to get rid of many problems and unplanned financial expenses.

Particular attention must be paid to temperature. It should not exceed 60-65 degrees Celsius. If this rule is neglected, then sediment will appear in the pipes and inside the pump, which will negatively affect the operation of the entire heating system.

Common breakdowns

The most common problem due to which equipment that provides forced pumping of coolant fails is its long downtime.

Most often, the heating system is actively used in winter, and is turned off in the warm season. But since the water in it is not clean, over time, sediment will form in the pipes. Due to the accumulation of hardness salts between the impeller and the pump, the unit stops working and may fail.

The above problem is easily solved. To do this, you need to try to start the equipment yourself by unscrewing the nut and manually turning the pump shaft. Often this action is more than enough.

If the device still does not start, then the only way out is to dismantle the rotor and then thoroughly clean the pump from the accumulated salt sediment.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

The video tells about the calculation of the performance of circulating equipment:

Correct installation is the key to the excellent operation of any device. Features of installing a heating pump in the video:

The heating system, where a pump is used to organize the movement of the coolant, has many advantages. But in order to accurately install it, you will have to spend a little time analyzing the nuances and choosing equipment. Only in this case, you can make your home truly warm and cozy.

Do you want to add a pump to the heating system, but doubt the calculations? Ask your questions in the comments block - our experts will try to help you.

Or maybe you want to supplement our material with useful comments? Or offer another option for calculating the heating pump? Write your comments and recommendations under this article.

The heating system in a private or country house needs a special pump that will help the coolant circulate through the pipes. Thanks to such a circulation pump, it is possible to ensure that all rooms in the house are heated in the most uniform way. Installing such a device involves some calculations. The calculation of the heating pump may depend on some specific circumstances. First, you need to decide on the type of pump. The pump can be "wet" or "dry". Their difference lies in the fact that the working area of ​​the first pump is located under a layer of water, that is, in the pumped medium.

Such a pump does not need additional lubrication or moisturizing. However, it must be taken into account that the water pressure or resistance can greatly affect the functional capacity of the unit. Let's figure out how to calculate the pump for heating.

Calculation of the power of the heating pump

How to calculate the heating power of the pump? When choosing a pump for a heating system, you need to pay attention to that operating point with which his work begins. At the same point, it will be installed. The flow and pressure of water will be indicators characterizing the position of the pump. To measure water flow, a value such as cubic meters of water per hour (pump speed in the heating system) is used, and the head is measured in meters. Such indicators largely depend on what characteristics the pump has.

When calculating the pump for heating, it is best to choose an option in which the power of its starting point will be equated to the power consumed by the heating system itself.

This pattern can be traced only on a special chart. This procedure will help determine if a particular pump is suitable for your heating system in terms of its power ratings.

Below is a formula that will help you find out the power of the circulation pump for heating:

P2(kW) = (p * Q * H) / 367 * efficiency

P is the level of water density;

Q is the level of water consumption;

H is the level of water pressure.

Thus, the calculation of the power of the pump for heating is done.

Calculate the pump performance level

In order to calculate the circulation pump for heating, you will need to use the following formula:

Q \u003d S * Qsp / 1000

S - heated area;

Qsp is the level of specific heat energy consumption;

This indicator in apartments and in private houses will be slightly different. In apartments, the specific heat consumption is about 70 watts per square meter, and in private houses this indicator can reach 100 watts per square meter.

Water supply rate

The water supply level can be calculated using the following formula:

V = Q / (1.16 * T)

V is the liquid supply level;

1.16 is a stable value;

T - represents the temperature difference.

The temperature difference, on average, can vary from 10 to 20 degrees.

Calculation of the water pressure level

Using the following formula, you can determine the pressure level of the water pump:

H=R*L*ZF/10000

R is the resistance of the pipeline and heating system;

L - represents the longest section of the heating system;

ZF is the safety factor.

In the traditional scheme of the heating system, this coefficient has a value of 2.2.

Cavitation in the heating system and in the water supply system

Cavitation is a process during which vapor molecules form in a heating system due to a decrease in pressure. Such a process takes place if the fluid flow rate in the pipes decreases or increases.

If the heating system is characterized by too low or too high temperatures, then this phenomenon can have a negative effect. The steam that forms collects in bubbles, and if they burst, then, thereby, they cause damage to the material from which the pipes or other components of the heating system are made.

A correctly selected device and a correctly performed calculation of the power of the heating circulation pump will guarantee that the operation of the heating system and the water supply system will be most efficient.

If you are unable to independently perform such operations as how to calculate a pump for heating, or you doubt their correctness, then it is better to entrust this matter to a professional in this field. The specialist will not only help with the choice of the pump or make calculations, but will also deal directly with the installation of the pump.

Automation of pumping equipment

For normal operation, such pumps must consume electricity. Today, electricity is not cheap, so many people are thinking about how to make the pump work more economical in terms of electricity consumption.

A device for automatically adjusting the electricity consumed by the pump will help you in this matter. Thanks to this device, the amount of electricity consumed will be reduced by almost half.

If you purchase more modern equipment, it will reduce up to 80% of electricity. However, it must be taken into account that the circulation pump for heating, its characteristics (such as power, speed of the heating pump) must be of the latest generation. The automated system allows you to control the capabilities of the unit, including consumer ones. Savings are achieved due to the fact that the device is not fully loaded, as the system allows you to use the full potential of the device.

The uninterrupted and safe operation of the heating system of a country cottage is one of the first and most important issues that must be addressed when designing engineering systems. Therefore, it is very important to know how to choose a circulation pump for heating a private house, what parameters should be taken into account, how to get around the pitfalls during operation.

Source ms.decorexpro.com

When is a circulation pump needed?

The circulation pump provides a given flow rate of the energy carrier in autonomous system heating (in central system this role is played by industrial units). The need for it arises already in the presence of one of the following factors:

wiring from 2 or more circuits;

the length of the route is more than 50 m;

at least with 1 level difference;

the presence of a complex circuit (heat-insulated floor system);

heating of 2 or more floors;

installation of a boiler in the basement;

in a heating system with free movement of the energy carrier with a temperature difference between the incoming flow and the return flow of more than 15-20 ºС;

at a temperature difference of more than 1-2 ºС in radiators of one system.

The circulation pump in a short time creates the desired speed of movement of the coolant in all circuits, ensuring uniform temperature distribution. The difference between the outlet and inlet temperatures, when correctly set, should be about 10 ºС, which saves fuel and ensures careful operation of the boiler. The efficiency of the system increases by an average of 20-50%, which becomes noticeable both in a stable room temperature and in saving money.

Source centermira.ru

Principle of operation

Circulation pumps for heating private houses are a closed structure consisting of an electric motor and a working body - a flywheel or rotor.

Water enters the cavity (recess) of the pump, where it is given centrifugal motion by moving blades. Further, water enters the spiral channel and, by inertia, with an already acquired speed, a spiral flow that reduces hydraulic resistance, flows further. A vacuum is created in this place, where a new portion of water is sucked in.

Pump modifications and technical parameters

Based on the design features, the pumps are characterized by the productive power of the engine, the type of rotor and control.

Engine

An exact calculation of the engine parameters is performed for a specific heating system, but the general selection rule is simple - power is proportional to the performance (size) of the working part.

Rotor or flywheel

There are 2 principles of rotor operation:

Dry. Friction parts and the rotor itself are in a hermetically sealed housing - only the blades that create the flow come into contact with water. Such models are characterized by high power, efficiency, but are more sensitive to mechanical pollution of the energy carrier. An annual technical maintenance of the electric motor is required. In addition, their installation should be carried out away from living rooms due to advanced level noise.

Circulation pump with a dry rotor - the engine and the supercharger are located in different buildings Source m.2gis.ru

Wet. The most common type due to unpretentiousness in maintenance, cost and variety of models. In an open design, moving parts (bearings, shafts, rotor, etc.) are in water, which is both a lubricant for them and a coolant for the engine. Corresponding stainless alloys are used, gaskets made of waterproof materials. The system is less whimsical to mechanical impurities in the energy carrier, and the service life of the household appliance is designed for 7 years.

In a wet rotor pump, the motor and blower are located in the same housing Source aquazoom.com.ua

Work management

Pump control is the choice of speed modes, on which the efficiency of the entire system depends. For heating, the minimum mode is used, while at low temperatures rapid heat dissipation requires an increase in speed. To regulate this process, 2 types of control are used:

Mechanical. The choice of speed is made independently, and switching manually. Such control is effective for small circuits where the response to speed changes is fast. Pump for heating in a private house, most often purchased with such control due to its low cost and higher maintainability.

Smart upgraded models controlled by an automation system, which, depending on the temperature of the coolant, regulates the flow rate. They cost more, but when installing multi-component systems with manifolds, they are indispensable. In addition, they increase energy efficiency by 25-35%.

Each manufacturer uses its own developments that contribute to trouble-free operation during the shelf life, so the prices for models with the same characteristics differ, as well as the quality of the equipment.

Source giropark.ru

Cost reduction in cheaper firms occurs due to the minimum margin of safety. Most often, this implies a decrease in thickness on non-critical elements of parts, the use of less durable and cheap materials, which are enough only for the specified service life. The choice of the manufacturer largely determines the quality characteristics of the product. You can navigate them by reading reviews or delving into the study of the materials used for parts.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer home insulation services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

What do we consider when choosing

How to choose a circulation pump for a private house heating system, and what parameters you need to know for this. Since the pump is a power unit, the first selection criterion will be its power. Next, we determine the type of rotor, and lastly, the type of control.

To determine the power, you need to know the parameters of the heating system. For large objects: industrial, multi-storey - measurements are taken. In private homes, such accuracy is not needed, so it is enough to know:

Boiler performance. The calculation is made theoretically according to the formula: W thermal boiler * K throughput (1l / min = 60l / hour). For 25 kW 25*60= 1500 l/h; for 40 kW 40*60= 2400 l/h.

Source torg.ukr.bio

pressure. Indicated in meters of water column. For this calculation, you need to measure the total length of the circuit and multiply by a factor of 0.6 (10 linear meters correspond to 0.6 m of the head). For the contours of a one-story house, standard equipment of 6 m w.st. is sufficient, while 2;- or more floors require the installation of a station or several pumps.

Rotor type. Affects the cost and subsequent maintenance. Increased efficiency allows it to be used in complex systems. But given the possibility of remote installation and regular maintenance.

Control. It also affects the cost of the unit itself, but the convenience and efficiency more than cover this drawback. In complex systems, it is recommended to use only this type of control.

Pressure and air relief valve. It is not installed in all models, but you can overpay for this function, as it prevents the pump from running “dry” and provides a trouble-free stop when the power goes out (the water heats up to a critical temperature, the pressure increases and opens the outlet valve).

Source ro.decorexpro.com

Manufacturers

Pumps of this category, regardless of the company, must be replaced after the end of the service life, since there is a high probability of stopping due to sudden breakdowns. The division of units is carried out by manufacturers, since each of them focuses on performance, cost and reliability, the final characteristics of the pump are different.

European - as a rule, all work in the middle or high price segment and offer high quality. The price reduction is due to optimal design solutions and marketing policy, including the transfer of production to China.

The German manufacturer stands out for its high quality and performance Grundfos- These models are equipped with energy-saving technologies. The declared service life is at least 10 years.

Company Wilo also produces high-quality industrial and household models, mainly with electronic control.

DAB– Italy. With regular maintenance, the pumps work flawlessly. The company spends a lot of money to eliminate noise in dry-type pumps.

Source obzortop.com

Chinese - in addition to the price, you should pay attention to the company.

Well-established company models Oasis. First of all, this is the cost, which is 30% less than Russian and European counterparts. At the same time, work is guaranteed for the declared period of operation.

Russian - as well as other participants, work in accordance with European GOSTs and comply with all safety requirements.

Among Russian manufacturers, the most famous firm is "Subline Service" brand UniPump. Manufactures various types of pumps. Models are distinguished by their low cost and the use of the most rational technologies.

Wester owned by Impulse. Produces products in a limited range. The pumps are distinguished by good assembly and the use of parts with a high margin of safety.

Jilex company model " Master" And " Compass". The range includes pumps for small circuits and 2;-3 storey systems.

Where to install the pump

When installing pump for heating private houses, how to choose the place of installation is at least important question than directly the characteristics of the equipment. Here it is necessary to take into account the principle of operation of the unit, the type of system and the number of its circuits.

One of the options for connecting the circulation pump to the heating system Source academy-heat.ru

The pump can be installed both at the inlet and at the outlet, providing convenient access to it for technical inspections and preventive maintenance. In most cases, it is preferable to install pumps at the inlet so that the pump pumps water at a lower temperature, but the main criterion is still ease of maintenance.

Video description

Clearly about the installation of pumps on the supply or return in the video:

Important! Installing a pump between radiators or in front of an expansion tank creates eddy currents that disrupt the direction of movement, forming temperature differences in various parts systems. Therefore, it is very important that the pump is located between the boiler and:

radiator system;

collector;

expansion tank.

In a two-circuit system, with the connection of "warm floors", a separate pump is installed on each circuit.

Source obzortop.com

Installation of the system, which includes a circulation pump, is carried out with the connection of a backup power supply with a reserve of 4-6 hours.

For 1;-2-loop systems, it is mandatory to install a bypass, since in the event of a power outage, it will ensure the natural movement of the energy carrier flow in the system.

For reference! Bypass is a bypass, a small section of pipe with shut-off or adjustable valves, sometimes with a check valve. It is built into the bypass of the circulation pump and, when it stops, ensures free flow of flow.

The operation of the pump can only be checked when the system is full. main revealing correct installation– uniform distribution of heat between all radiators.

Wet rotor pumps are installed in a vertical position.

Source as-elit.ru

A coarse filter is required, and a fine filter is desirable.

The pump must be located in a place accessible for maintenance.

After all calculations, add 20% of the rated power, so you will ensure the gentle operation of the equipment in the optimal mode of 85-90%, excluding operation at the limit of possibility.

Solid fuel boilers

This type requires separate consideration. When the electricity is turned off, the pump stops, but the heating of the energy carrier in the boiler continues: it is impossible to quickly extinguish burning wood or coal, after 3-5 minutes the temperature will reach critical levels and the pressure relief valve will work. If the pump is installed on the outlet pipe, the discharge occurs after 4-6 minutes, while its installation on the return pipe increases this time to half an hour.

Video description

Clearly about the installation of a pump in a system with a solid fuel boiler in the following video:

Price factor

When choosing a circulation pump, the cost of the device itself and its efficiency during operation are important. As a rule, the operation of the pump is justified by saving on fuel consumption, and the cost of the model itself is determined by its performance. In Moscow, the range of prices for pumps is very large. Conventionally, they can be divided into 3 categories:

For 3.5-7 thousand rubles, you can buy basic functions, with minimum term work and most often disposable;

Source ms.decorexpro.com

Devices for 7.5-20 thousand are “workhorses” that accurately provide the declared characteristics, with a service life not less than that specified by the manufacturer and with several degrees of protection and an optimal margin of safety;

VIP systems with full automation, a set of additional functions, a high margin of safety and the ability to provide heat to a large volume will already cost from 20 to 45 thousand rubles.

Video description

And some more thoughts about circulation pumps in the following video:

Benefits of a separate pumping unit

The use of pumping equipment is justified in terms of fuel economy and increasing the efficiency of the boiler, so many companies build pumping units into boilers. But a separate installation of the unit has its advantages: quick replacement without removing the boiler, the ability to control the process in case of emergency situations (for example, using a bypass). In addition, the pump can be installed in a system not provided for by the project at the initial stage.

Conclusion

Despite the apparent simplicity of the choice, the parameters of the pump must be technically justified, for which mathematical calculations are carried out taking into account the laws of heat engineering, the characteristics of the individual system, so the exact choice should be made by a specialist who takes into account all factors based not only on theoretical knowledge but also from practical experience.

For efficient heating of private houses, a circulation pump is required in the heating system. Thanks to this device, continuous circulation of the coolant through the pipes is carried out. The room warms up evenly and quickly. At a high or low speed of movement of the coolant, the heating of the house is uneven. Therefore, one should carefully approach such an issue as the selection of a circulation pump for a heating system.

The selection of a circulation pump for heating does not depend on what kind of fuel is needed for the heating boiler.

1 Why do I need a pump in the heating circuit?

The natural circulation of the liquid in the heating circuit is ineffective, since the liquid constantly overcomes resistance, and this slows down its progress. This leads to the fact that the liquid returns to the boiler cooled, and this requires additional costs for its additional heating.

The use of narrower pipes only partially solves the problem, but the cost of reconstruction is much higher than for a circulation pump.

Forced circulation forces the liquid to move faster along the circuit of the system and return to the boiler not very cool. Fuel consumption costs are therefore reduced.

In systems without a pump, the coolant is needed in a large volume in order to maintain its required temperature. To do this, you will need pipes of large diameter, and radiators with wide blades.

In forced circulation, a large volume of liquid is not needed. Therefore, pipes with a smaller diameter are suitable. And this is saving on materials.

The disadvantage of this type of heating is energy dependence. The device is powered by electricity.

1.1 Construction

Most devices of this design:

• the body to which the snail is attached;
• pipes of the system are connected to the snail;
• in the case there is an electric motor with terminals and a control board;
• a rotor with an impeller, due to which the movement of water occurs.

When the pump is running, a vacuum is obtained at the inlet of the device and the desired pressure at the outlet.

2 Types of apparatus

There is a fairly large selection of circulation pumps on the market. How to choose a pump for heating? The most common circulation pumps are wet and dry rotor devices.

2.1 Glandless mechanism

In a device with a wet rotor, the impeller and the rotor are in the coolant. This helps to cool the pump motor, and the device is thus protected from overheating. These parts are made of non-corrosive materials.

The disadvantage of devices of this type is that they have low efficiency. Advantages of this type:

• low noise level;
• availability;
• does not require regular maintenance.

Wet rotor devices are used in heating in small houses. The low power of the pump allows you to choose a circulation pump for heating this type in cases where the volume of liquid in the system is small.

2.2 Dry rotor apparatus

The impeller in this type of device is located in the coolant, and the rotor is protected from liquid by sealed gaskets.

The selection of a pump for a heating system of this type will show the advantage in the high power of the pump. Due to this, it is used in rooms with a large area. The device has a fairly high efficiency.

However, a dry rotor pump also has disadvantages:

• vibration and noise levels are quite high;
• as a result of the rapid use of the lubricant, it needs regular service.

3 What to look out for?

Before proceeding with the selection of a pump for a heating system, you should decide what characteristics it should have. What kind of apparatus is needed for heating a private house and what to look for to do optimal choice circulation pump for heating system:

The circulation pump can be installed in two ways. This also affects the selection of the pump for heating.

1. It is built directly into the boiler - it is observed in many modern models.
2. The pump is welded as a separate part of the heating circuit. It is used more often in older models of heating boilers. Water circulation in the systems occurred due to the difference in density and mass of cold and hot coolant. Pipes in such systems were placed at a slope. The introduction of a circulation pump into such a system increases the speed of movement of the coolant and, therefore, the space is heated faster.

In the question of how to choose a pump, they also take into account characteristics heating systems.

1. Type of heating system. For networks with natural circulation, it is recommended to install a device with a wet rotor with a power of up to 50-60 watts. If the circulation is forced, a more powerful unit is needed up to 80 W if there is a slope, and up to 90 W without a slope.
2. Heated area and volume of coolant. The higher these parameters, the more powerful the mechanism is needed. To calculate the exact power of the device, it is recommended to contact a teletechnician.
3. Noise limit limit. For heating a private house, where there is no separate room for the pump at a sufficient distance from the living rooms, it is not recommended to choose devices with a dry rotor.
4. Technical condition of the heating system. TO new system Any pump will do. For systems whose age is 15-20 years or more, it is necessary to take into account the presence of impurities in the liquid. 25-35% is added to the calculated power, especially when choosing a device with a wet engine. However, for older networks, a device with a dry rotor is better, because it is less sensitive to the quality of the liquid.

4 How to choose the right pump?

To choose the right circulation pump for the heating system, you need to consider that the device must meet certain criteria:

In the last paragraph, the wet pump undoubtedly wins, it is smaller and quieter. But other criteria need to be dealt with.

4.1 Calculation of pump performance

The performance of the pump implies the amount of coolant distilled, its consumption at the lowest load on the device. The higher the performance, the better.

Calculation of the pump according to the performance criterion can be according to the formula: Q \u003d N / (t 2 - t 1), where Q is the desired performance value, N corresponds to the power of the heating boiler, t1 is the temperature of the liquid in the "return" of the circuit, t2 is the temperature in the supply compartment, after the heating boiler.

Using this formula, you can approximately select the parameters of the required pump. It is believed that approximately 0.6 m of pump head is required for 10 m of the circuit ring.

4.2 Device pressure

The pressure of the device is the level to which the device can raise the water in the heating circuit. Usually this parameter is indicated in the documents for the mechanism and on the pump itself.

For example, pumps for heating model GRUNDFOSUPS25-40. The numbers in this brand mean:

• 40 - liquid lifting height - 4 m or 0.4 atm. pressure. This value is taken into account in the first place when choosing a pump.
• 25 – diameter of connected pipes – 25 mm. Usually pipes with a diameter of 32 and 25 mm are used.

Therefore, when wondering how to choose the right circulation pump, you should take into account the full name of the pump. It must fit in diameter to the pipes of the system. The pump also indicates the power consumption, the direction of movement of the rotor, the number of revolutions.

4.3 External aspects

The operation of the device and the required amount of heat also depend on the temperature. environment. An incorrectly selected pump may start to overheat, because it may not be able to cope with excessive load. This means that before calculating the necessary parameters of the device, you should know the characteristics of the boiler and heating system well.

For pipes with a larger diameter, the circulating coolant will have a larger volume and, therefore, a more powerful pump will be needed. For a coolant from a non-freezing liquid, as a rule, a pump should be selected more productive and reliable.

4.4 Power calculation

The power of the circulation pump for heating depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room that is heated. For example, the area is 200 m 2. In order for the building to be warm, they adhere to an approximate ratio: 1 kW of thermal energy per 10 m 2. Therefore, this area will require 20 kW.

Next, you should calculate the temperature difference between the supply and return circuits. Experts advise within 10ᵒС. Calculate the power: 20:10=2. The parameter calculated in this way is the pump power, measured in m 3 / h.

The calculation of the circulation pump is also carried out according to the parameters of the amount of heat required, pipe resistance, electricity consumption, temperature limit.

How to choose a circulation pump for heating in order to make the system work most efficiently? For the correct selection, many factors, parameters and characteristics of pumps and heating systems should be taken into account, as well as external conditions and expected result. You can also take into account reviews about a particular brand of device. The choice is approached responsibly, because the comfort in the house largely depends on it.

4.5 How to choose a circulation pump? (video)

Well-thought-out and designed heating allows you to economically use the energy resource and efficiently heat the room. The circulation pump plays an important role in this process. But due to the variety of buildings with individual area, ceiling height, number of floors and made of different materials, not every device will do its job well.

How to choose a pump for heating, taking into account the specifics of the room? What other factors influence the choice?

Main types and characteristics

Pumping equipment installed in heating systems, is of two types:

• wet rotor. This implies direct contact of the coolant with the elements of the device. Due to this property, the rotor and impeller are lubricated, and the parts are cooled. Wet-type pumps are more often installed in private houses and apartments, because they are economical, emit less noise and are compact in size. Since they are more convenient during installation, at large facilities, houses on several floors with a system of underfloor heating, two or three pumps are installed in parallel, which can work either together or alternately. The equipment is characterized by a long service life and no need for maintenance.
• Dry Rotor. In this design, contact between the coolant and the rotor is excluded. Two chambers are hermetically sealed thanks to special seals. Circulating parts are lubricated separately. Such pumps are more productive, but they also emit more noise, so it is better to install them in separate rooms next to the boiler. The equipment is more suitable For integration into heating systems of industrial enterprises, shopping centers and rooftop boilers.
  

  Once every three years, a revision of the device with lubrication of parts is necessary.

Values ​​on hardware

When choosing a circulation pump, you should pay attention to important parameters:

• Maximum water column height. This value indicates to what level the device is able to increase the pressure. For example, the indicator "3 m" is not suitable for a two-story house.

Choice based on heating power

A key factor in choosing a heating pump is the required power for space heating. This value is calculated based on the area of ​​the building. In Europe, it is customary to charge 100 W of thermal energy per square meter for a comfortable indoor climate. This applies to country mansions and private houses. In buildings with a large number of apartments, this figure is 70 watts. If the thermal insulation of the room is made with an additional layer, the value can be reduced to 50 W.

For areas with cold winters, where the temperature drops below -25°C, it is recommended to remove 175 W of thermal energy per meter in private houses. Buildings with a large number of apartments in such an area would have a design value of 101 watts. The calculation is made according to the formula below:

Q = 0.86R / Tf - Tr, Where:

• Q is the rate of consumption of cubic meters per hour;
• R - the amount of thermal energy, taking into account the area;
• Tf - boiler outlet temperature;
• Tr - temperature at the inlet to the boiler.

Ensuring the right pressure

The circulation pump must be able to fully pump the required volume of coolant through the system. This requires appropriate pressure. This function is calculated like this:

head = (F + R x L) / p x g (m), Where:

• F - resistance of valves (fitting);
• L is the length of the system;
• p is the density of the coolant;
• R - hydraulic resistance in the pipe;
• g is the free fall acceleration.

These values ​​are available on the Internet or in the product documentation. Slight rounding of values ​​is allowed for ease of calculation.

Schematically, the heating system can be represented as follows:

Below is one of the pump connection diagrams.

In a private house of three or four rooms, the heating system has similar indicators:

• Pipeline resistance in the range of 105–150 Pa/m;
• In each element of the fitting (reducing sleeve, angle, etc.) there is a 30% loss of pressure from the main resistance;
• The valve for thermal control gives 70%;
• System mixers add up to 20% losses.

It is important to take into account the resistance of the boiler itself, which must be indicated in the passport. Some of the options are shown below.

After performing the calculation using the formula using all the values, you can see the optimal head pressure for a particular room.

Additional factors

When choosing a pump for integration into a heating system and improving circulation, it is worth considering the temporary employment of the device:

1. If the heating circuit is small, then the pump can only be turned on in cold weather to quickly warm up the building. In this case, it is worth purchasing an inexpensive low-power model that will only perform an auxiliary function.
2. If the area of ​​the pipeline system is large and the circulation of the coolant without a pump is too slow, then such pumping equipment will work constantly and must have an appropriate capacity.

Most pumps have three rotor speeds, which is convenient due to the changing temperature throughout the day or week. The higher the speed, the faster the heat is carried through the system. Many note the convenience of an automatic speed controller that does not require human control. It is red in the image below.

Knowing the above factors and performing the necessary calculations, even a user unfamiliar with such equipment will be able to decide on the choice of a pump for heating.

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