The Russian Navy has 203 surface ships and 71 submarines, including 23 nuclear submarines equipped with ballistic and cruise missiles. The defense capability of Russia at sea is provided by modern and powerful ships.

The heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser Peter the Great is the world's largest non-aircraft-carrying strike ship. Capable of destroying groups of enemy aircraft carriers. The only afloat cruiser of the famous Soviet project 1144 "Orlan". Built at the Baltic Shipyard and launched in 1989. Commissioned after 9 years. For 16 years, the cruiser has traveled 140,000 miles. The flagship of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy, port of registry - Severomorsk. With a width of 28.5 meters, it has a length of 251 meters. Full displacement 25860 tons. Two nuclear reactors with a capacity of 300 megawatts, two boilers, turbines and gas turbine generators are capable of providing energy to a city with a population of 200,000. Can reach speeds up to 32 knots, cruising range is not limited. The crew of 727 people can be in autonomous navigation for 60 days. Armament: 20 SM-233 launchers with P-700 "Granit" cruise missiles, firing range - 700 km. Anti-aircraft complex "Rif" S-300F (96 vertical launch missiles). Anti-aircraft system "Kortik" with a stock of 128 missiles. Gun mount AK-130. Two anti-submarine missile and torpedo systems "Waterfall", anti-torpedo complex "Udav-1M". Rocket bombing installations RBU-12000 and RBU-1000 "Smerch-3". Three Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopters can be based on board.

Heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser "Admiral of the Fleet" Soviet Union Kuznetsov" (project 11435). Built at the Black Sea Shipyard, launched in 1985. He bore the names "Riga", "Leonid Brezhnev", "Tbilisi". Since 1991, he became part of the Northern Fleet. Carried out combat service in the Mediterranean, participated in the rescue operation during the death of the Kursk. Three years later, according to the plan, it will go for modernization. The length of the cruiser is 302.3 meters, the total displacement is 55,000 tons. Maximum speed - 29 knots. A crew of 1960 can stay at sea for a month and a half. Armament: 12 Granit anti-ship missiles, 60 Udav-1 missiles, 24 Blade (192 missiles) and Kashtan (256 missiles) air defense systems. It can carry 24 Ka-27 helicopters, 16 Yak-41M supersonic VTOL aircraft and up to 12 Su-27K fighter jets.

"Moscow"

"Moskva", guards missile cruiser. Multipurpose ship. Built at the shipyards of the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev. It was originally called "Glory". Commissioned in 1983. Flagship of the Russian Black Sea Fleet. Participated in the military conflict with Georgia, in 2014 carried out the blockade of the Ukrainian Navy. With a width of 20.8 meters, it has a length of 186.4 meters and a displacement of 11,490 tons. Maximum speed 32 knots. Cruising range up to 6000 nautical miles. The crew of 510 people can be in the "autonomy" for a month. Armament: 16 P-500 Bazalt mounts, two AK-130 gun mounts, six AK-630 6-barrel gun mounts, B-204 S-300F Rif air defense systems (64 missiles), launchers Osa-MA air defense system (48 missiles), torpedo tubes, RBU-6000 jet bombers, Ka-27 helicopter. A copy of the "Moscow" - the cruiser "Varyag" is the flagship of the Pacific Fleet.

"Dagestan"

Patrol ship "Dagestan" was commissioned in 2012. Built at the Zelenodolsk shipyard. In 2014, it was transferred to the Caspian Flotilla. This is the second ship of project 11661K, the first - "Tatarstan" is the flagship of the Caspian Fleet. "Dagestan" has a more powerful and modern weapons: universal RK "Caliber-NK", which can use several types of high-precision missiles (firing range is more than 300 km), ZRAK "Palma", AU AK-176M. Equipped with stealth technology. With a width of 13.1 meters, "Dagestan" has a length of 102.2 meters, a displacement of 1900 tons. Can reach speeds up to 28 knots. The crew of 120 people can be in autonomous navigation for 15 days. Four more such ships have been laid down at the shipyards.

"Persistent"

The flagship of the Baltic Fleet, the destroyer Nastoychivy, was built at the Zhdanov Leningrad Shipyard and launched in 1991. Designed to destroy ground targets, anti-aircraft and anti-ship defense formations. With a width of 17.2 meters, it has a length of 156.5 meters and a displacement of 7940 tons. The crew of 296 people can stay at sea without calling at the port for up to 30 days. The destroyer carries a KA-27 helicopter. It is equipped with twin AK-130/54 gun mounts, AK-630 six-barrel mounts, P-270 Moskit mounts, six-barreled rocket launchers, two Shtil air defense systems and torpedo tubes.

"Yury Dolgoruky"

Atomic Submarine"Yuri Dolgoruky" (the first submarine of project 955 "Borey") was laid down in 1996 in Severodvinsk. Commissioned in 2013. Port of registry - Gadzhiyevo. Part of the Northern Fleet. The length of the boat is 170 meters, the underwater displacement is 24,000 tons. Maximum surface speed - 15 knots, underwater - 29 knots. Crew 107 people. It can carry out combat duty for three months without entering the port. "Yuri Dolgoruky" carries 16 ballistic missiles"Bulava", equipped with PHR 9R38 "Igla", 533-mm torpedo tubes, six installations of acoustic countermeasures REPS-324 "Barrier". In the coming years, six more submarines of the same class will be built at the shipyards of Russia.

"Severodvinsk"

Multi-purpose nuclear submarine "Severodvinsk" became the first submarine of the new Russian project 855 "Ash". The most "quiet" submarine in the world. Built in Severodvinsk. In 2014, it became part of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy. Port of registry - Zapadnaya Litsa. With a width of 13.5 meters, it has a length of 119 meters, an underwater displacement of 13,800 tons, the surface speed of the Severodvinsk is 16 knots, underwater - 31 knots. Endurance of navigation - 100 days, crew - 90 people. It has a modern silent nuclear reactor of a new generation. The submarine is equipped with ten torpedo tubes, P-100 Oniks, Kh-35, ZM-54E, ZM-54E1, ZM-14E cruise missiles. Carries Kh-101 strategic cruise missiles and can hit targets within a radius of up to 3,000 kilometers. Until 2020, Russia plans to build six more Yasen-class submarines.

The Sea Peoples have a long tradition regarding the design aesthetic of warships. In addition to their primary role of warfare, warships served as a political tool for the effective projection of the sea power, prestige and influence of the nation ... "

- US Naval Engineering Center Consultant Herbert A. Meier.

Design warship- the problem of arranging various kinds of payloads. During the design process, “lines of power” are born that unite the visual composition of the object and project its power into the surrounding space. They are set by the lines of the frontal projection of the superstructures and the protrusion of the side, the size of the horizontal interval between the lines of decks and superstructures, the height of the side, and the longitudinal deflection of the hull.

The verticals help to make the object static, while the lines of inclination from the visual center towards the bow and stern add dynamism to the silhouette. The external perception of the appearance of the ship is determined by the degree of extension of its superstructures forward and upward, creating general impression swiftness and readiness for action. Relatively large horizontal spacings between the lines of decks and superstructures give rise to a feeling of bulky stability, while small ones emphasize the strength and dynamism of the ship. The power of the lines of force additionally enhances the inclination of the ship's freeboard and stem.

Having identified the criteria for analysis and having studied according to his own methodology appearance ships of various countries, the specialists of the engineering center of the US Navy unanimously recognized the best Soviet school of shipbuilding ... The ships of the “reds” have always been distinguished by their unique charisma and the most sinister silhouette.

“The warship is an instrument of politics, the main thing of which is effective persuasion. Aesthetic perfection enhances the credibility of a warship, enhancing the credibility of national politics. Appearance Soviet warships was a conscious attempt to maximize the propaganda effect of the application, through the use of artistic design style.

- G. Meyer, continued.

I bring to your attention a selection of the most beautiful surface warships, covering the time interval over the past 70 years. The power, beauty and pride of all the fleets of the world.

10th place - Teutonic Knight

Armored fat men did not like to be filmed from the front: their hull, deeply planted in the water, with huge clumsy boules, became visible. A disgusting sight! The only battleships in which external swiftness was preserved at least a little were the Scharnhorst-class battlecruisers.

A long, relatively narrow hull for its displacement, ending in a high “Atlantic” bow (it ended exactly; the Germans numbered the frames from the stern).

Glittering metallic blisters of fire control systems. The ominous shape of the main caliber towers, somewhat reminiscent of the shape of a Nazi helmet. And protruding, along most of the length of the hull, a strip of armor belt. All this made the Scharnhorst and Gneisenau the most charismatic battleships, whose hull lines confirm the seriousness of their intentions.

9th place - “Misl Sponge” (missile catcher)

Hounds of the North Atlantic. A series of 50 Oliver H. Perry-class missile frigates, promising to become a reliable and cheap means of controlling sea lanes around the world. A sharp, swift stem that cuts into the waves like a knife. Long solid superstructure. Two helicopter hangars and an elegant “one-armed bandit” in the bow of the hull (universal launcher Mk.13).

The Perry is reminiscent of the tea clippers of bygone eras. And his modern nickname is a reflection of the fact that all missile weapons have been dismantled. IN current form the frigate is suitable only for chasing boats of drug couriers, because. cannot perform any more serious tasks. What will happen to him in the event of an enemy attack? Missile catcher.

However, this does not prevent the Perry from being a fantastically beautiful frigate.

8th place - Skinny American

Unlike battleships of the “armor and steam” era, the Ticonderoga missile cruiser, on the contrary, should be photographed exclusively from bow angles. In this case, the bulk of a modern ship will rise up in front of us, in whose appearance all the power of the Pentagon's defense technologies is contained.

The American is proud of her graceful bow with a 40-meter bulwark. But it is worth changing the angle - and we will see a lanky barge, decorated with 83 antennas. The vulgar appearance of the Ticonderoga is complemented by two huge “terems”, on the walls of which radar grilles are hung.

7th place - Pyramid

The most modern warship, the inconspicuous missile and artillery destroyer Zamvolt. The floating pyramid, as high as a 16-story building, opened a new era in the history of the fleet. An era of amazing layout and bold technical solutions.

Everything here is unusual - from a strange obstruction of the sides to an inclined bow-breakwater, reminiscent of the destroyers of the Russo-Japanese War in shape. An extremely large, high-tech destroyer, whose appearance fully reflects the technical advantage and ambitions of the country in which this ship was built.

6th place - “Berkut”

A masterpiece of domestic shipbuilding. A powerful cruiser that surpassed any of its foreign peers for a whole decade (1970-80).

The large anti-submarine ship of project 1134B "Berkut-B" (also known by the name of the lead ship, "Nikolaev") impresses with the number of weapons and antenna posts installed on it. In a modest but surprisingly elegant hull with a displacement of 8 thousand tons, four anti-aircraft missile systems backed up by the power of anti-submarine weapons and support assets.

According to US Navy analysts, the large anti-submarine ship (BOD) "Nikolaev" gave the impression of a "fighter ready for battle" The superstructure and the cruiser's hull "demonstrated coordinated and purposeful lines of force."

5th place - “Udaloy”

Swan song of Soviet shipbuilding. The large anti-submarine ships of project 1155, which replaced the Berkuts, became a worthy continuation of the class of Soviet destroyers with hypertrophied anti-submarine weapons.

BOD pr. 1155 “Udaloy” deservedly get into this list for the unbearably beautiful curves of the lines of their hull. The impression is enhanced by the traditional, for Soviet ships, layout with accommodation a large number armaments on the upper deck.

4th place - "Orlan"

An atomic giant with a monumental appearance.

Why was this ship built? Even the creators of Orlan do not know the answer to this question. Packed full of missiles, it continues to surf the seas, instilling fear and awe in "probable adversaries."

In the 250-meter building of the TARKR there is not a single free place where a rocket, gun or radar is not installed. However, due to its outstanding size, the Orlan, unlike the Berkuts, does not seem to be an overloaded weapon. On the contrary, the advanced layout with the placement of weapons in the under-deck space gives the cruiser a polite and noble look.

The well-known pirate and murderer, Sir Francis Drake, argued that the best emblem for a warship is the corpse of an enemy nailed to the stem. The bow of the new British destroyer is adorned with a red Welsh dragon. The symbol of the inviolability and security of the protected object.

The beautiful Daring broke all stereotypes about modern destroyers. The appearance determines its essence. Hidden within the towering pyramids is an unprecedented array of airspace controls.

1 place. Stay free!

Everyone who is passionate about the topic of the Navy has his own ideas about the beauty of warships. I invite all readers to express their opinion in the comments!

The Russian Navy has 203 surface ships and 71 submarines, including 23 nuclear submarines equipped with ballistic and cruise missiles. The defense capability of Russia at sea is provided by modern and powerful ships.

"Peter the Great"

The heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser Peter the Great is the world's largest non-aircraft-carrying strike ship. Capable of destroying groups of enemy aircraft carriers. The only afloat cruiser of the famous Soviet project 1144 "Orlan". Built at the Baltic Shipyard and launched in 1989. Commissioned after 9 years.

For 16 years, the cruiser has traveled 140,000 miles. The flagship of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy, port of registry - Severomorsk.
With a width of 28.5 meters, it has a length of 251 meters. Full displacement 25860 tons.
Two nuclear reactors with a capacity of 300 megawatts, two boilers, turbines and gas turbine generators are capable of providing energy to a city with a population of 200,000. Can reach speeds up to 32 knots, cruising range is not limited. The crew of 727 people can be in autonomous navigation for 60 days.
Armament: 20 SM-233 launchers with P-700 Granit cruise missiles, firing range - 700 km. Anti-aircraft complex "Rif" S-300F (96 vertical launch missiles). Anti-aircraft system "Kortik" with a stock of 128 missiles. Gun mount AK-130. Two anti-submarine missile and torpedo systems "Waterfall", anti-torpedo complex "Udav-1M". Rocket bombing installations RBU-12000 and RBU-1000 "Smerch-3". Three Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopters can be based on board.

"Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Kuznetsov"

Heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser "Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Kuznetsov" (project 11435). Built at the Black Sea Shipyard, launched in 1985. He bore the names "Riga", "Leonid Brezhnev", "Tbilisi". Since 1991, he became part of the Northern Fleet. Carried out combat service in the Mediterranean, participated in the rescue operation during the death of the Kursk. Three years later, according to the plan, it will go for modernization.
The length of the cruiser is 302.3 meters, the total displacement is 55,000 tons. Maximum speed - 29 knots. A crew of 1960 can stay at sea for a month and a half.
Armament: 12 Granit anti-ship missiles, 60 Udav-1 missiles, 24 Blade (192 missiles) and Kashtan (256 missiles) air defense systems. It can carry 24 Ka-27 helicopters, 16 Yak-41M supersonic VTOL aircraft and up to 12 Su-27K fighter jets.

"Moscow"

"Moskva", guards missile cruiser. Multipurpose ship. Built at the shipyards of the plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev. It was originally called "Glory". Commissioned in 1983. Flagship of the Russian Black Sea Fleet.
Participated in the military conflict with Georgia, in 2014 carried out the blockade of the Ukrainian Navy.
With a width of 20.8 meters, it has a length of 186.4 meters and a displacement of 11,490 tons. Maximum speed 32 knots. Cruising range up to 6000 nautical miles. The crew of 510 people can be in the "autonomy" for a month.
Armament: 16 P-500 Bazalt mounts, two AK-130 gun mounts, six AK-630 6-barrel gun mounts, B-204 S-300F Rif air defense systems (64 missiles), Osa-MA air defense system launchers (48 missiles), torpedo tubes, RBU-6000 rocket launchers, Ka-27 helicopter.
A copy of the "Moscow" - the cruiser "Varyag" is the flagship of the Pacific Fleet.

"Dagestan"

Patrol ship "Dagestan" was commissioned in 2012. Built at the Zelenodolsk shipyard. In 2014, it was transferred to the Caspian Flotilla. This is the second ship of project 11661K, the first - "Tatarstan" is the flagship of the Caspian Fleet.
"Dagestan" has more powerful and modern weapons: the universal RK "Caliber-NK", which can use several types of high-precision missiles (firing range is more than 300 km), "Palma" ZRAK, AU AK-176M. Equipped with stealth technology.
With a width of 13.1 meters, "Dagestan" has a length of 102.2 meters, a displacement of 1900 tons. Can reach speeds up to 28 knots. The crew of 120 people can be in autonomous navigation for 15 days.
Four more such ships have been laid down at the shipyards.

"Persistent"

The flagship of the Baltic Fleet, the destroyer Nastoychivy, was built at the Zhdanov Leningrad Shipyard and launched in 1991. Designed to destroy ground targets, anti-aircraft and anti-ship defense formations.
With a width of 17.2 meters, it has a length of 156.5 meters and a displacement of 7940 tons. The crew of 296 people can stay at sea without calling at the port for up to 30 days.
The destroyer carries a KA-27 helicopter. It is equipped with twin AK-130/54 gun mounts, AK-630 six-barrel mounts, P-270 Moskit mounts, six-barreled rocket launchers, two Shtil air defense systems and torpedo tubes.

"Yury Dolgoruky"

The nuclear submarine "Yuri Dolgoruky" (the first submarine of project 955 "Borey") was laid down in 1996 in Severodvinsk. Commissioned in 2013. Port of registry - Gadzhiyevo. Part of the Northern Fleet.
The length of the boat is 170 meters, the underwater displacement is 24,000 tons. Maximum surface speed - 15 knots, underwater - 29 knots. Crew 107 people. It can carry out combat duty for three months without entering the port.
Yuri Dolgoruky carries 16 Bulava ballistic missiles, is equipped with a PHR 9R38 Igla, 533-millimeter torpedo tubes, and six REPS-324 Shlagbaum acoustic countermeasures. In the coming years, six more submarines of the same class will be built at the shipyards of Russia.

"Severodvinsk"

Multi-purpose nuclear submarine "Severodvinsk" became the first submarine of the new Russian project 855 "Ash". The most "quiet" submarine in the world. Built in Severodvinsk. In 2014, it became part of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy. Port of registry - Zapadnaya Litsa.
With a width of 13.5 meters, it has a length of 119 meters, an underwater displacement of 13,800 tons,
Surface speed "Severodvinsk" is 16 knots, underwater - 31 knots. Endurance of navigation - 100 days, crew - 90 people.
It has a modern silent nuclear reactor of a new generation. The submarine is equipped with ten torpedo tubes, P-100 Oniks, Kh-35, ZM-54E, ZM-54E1, ZM-14E cruise missiles. Carries Kh-101 strategic cruise missiles and can hit targets within a radius of up to 3,000 kilometers. Until 2020, Russia plans to build six more Yasen-class submarines.

Bombardier ship

Sailing 2-, 3-masted ship of the late XVII - early XIX V. with increased hull strength, armed with smoothbore guns. They first appeared in France in 1681, in Russia - during the construction of the Azov Fleet. Bombardier ships were armed with 2-18 large-caliber guns (mortars or unicorns) to fight against coastal fortifications and 8-12 small-caliber guns. They were part of the military fleets of all countries. In the Russian fleet existed until 1828

Brig

Military 2-masted ship with direct sailing, designed for cruising, reconnaissance and messenger services. Displacement 200-400 tons, armament 10-24 guns, crew up to 120 people. Possessed good seaworthiness and maneuverability. In the XVIII - XIX centuries. brigs were part of all the fleets of the world

Brigantine

2-masted sailing ship of the 17th - 19th centuries with a straight sail on the front mast (fore) and oblique on the back (mainsail). Used in the navies of Europe for reconnaissance and messenger services. On the upper deck, 6- 8 small caliber guns

Galion

A sailing ship of the 15th - 17th centuries, the forerunner of a sailing ship of the line. It had fore and main masts with straight sails and mizzen with slanting ones. Displacement about 1550 tons. Military galleons had up to 100 guns and up to 500 soldiers on board

Caravel

A high-sided single-deck 3-, 4-masted ship with high superstructures at the bow and stern, with a displacement of 200-400 tons. It had good seaworthiness and was widely used by Italian, Spanish and Portuguese navigators in the 13th - 17th centuries. Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama made their famous voyages on caravels

Karakka

Sailing 3-masted ship XIV - XVII centuries. displacement up to 2 thousand tons. Armament 30-40 guns. Could accommodate up to 1200 people. Cannon ports were used for the first time on karakka and guns were placed in closed batteries

Clipper

A 3-masted sailing (or sailing-steam with a propeller) ship of the 19th century, used for reconnaissance, patrol and messenger services. Displacement up to 1500 tons, speed up to 15 knots (28 km/h), armament up to 24 guns, crew up to 200 people

Corvette

A ship of the sailing fleet of the 18th - mid-19th centuries, intended for reconnaissance, messenger service, and sometimes for cruising. In the first half of the XVIII century. 2-masted, and then 3-masted ship with direct sailing, 400-600 tons displacement, open (20-32 guns) or closed (14-24 guns) batteries

Battleship

A large, usually 3-deck (3 artillery decks), 3-masted ship with direct sailing weapons, designed for artillery combat with the same ships in the wake formation (battle line). Displacement up to 5 thousand tons. Armament: 80-130 smoothbore guns along the sides. Battleships were widely used in wars in the second half of the 17th - first half of the 19th century. The introduction of steam engines and propellers, rifled artillery and armor led in the 60s. 19th century to the complete replacement of sailing battleships with battleships

flutes

Sailing 3-masted ship of the Netherlands of the 16th - 18th centuries, used in the navy as a transport. Armed with 4-6 guns. It had sides that were littered inward above the waterline. The rudder was used for the first time on the flute. In Russia, flutes were part of the Baltic Fleet from the 17th century.

Frigate sailing

A 3-masted ship, second in terms of armament (up to 60 guns) and displacement after a battleship, but surpassing it in speed. It was intended mainly for operations on sea lanes.

Sloop

Three-masted ship of the second half of the 18th - early 19th centuries. with straight sails on the forward masts and a slanting sail on the stern mast. Displacement 300-900 tons, artillery armament 16-32 guns. It was used for reconnaissance, patrol and messenger services, as well as a transport and expeditionary vessel. In Russia, the sloop was often used for circumnavigation (O.E. Kotzebue, F.F. Bellingshausen, M.P. Lazarev, etc.)

Shnyava

A small sailing ship, common in the XVII - XVIII centuries. in the Scandinavian countries and in Russia. Shnyavs had 2 masts with straight sails and a bowsprit. They were armed with 12-18 small-caliber guns and were used for reconnaissance and messenger service as part of the skerry fleet of Peter I. The length of the shnyava is 25-30 m, the width is 6-8 m, the displacement is about 150 tons, the crew is up to 80 people.

Schooner

A sea sailing vessel with a displacement of 100-800 tons, having 2 or more masts, is armed mainly with slanting sails. Schooners were used in sailing fleets as messenger ships. The schooners of the Russian fleet were armed with up to 16 guns.

The topic of this section of the Warspot portal is the navy – its history began about three thousand years ago, and its new pages continue to be written today. The fate of many countries and their inhabitants is closely and inextricably linked with the sea - trade, maritime transport, the navy and overseas conquests. Research, and then colonization by Europeans of the shores of the North and South America, Africa, Asia, Australia and numerous islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans in the XV-XIX centuries were carried out by the brilliant navigators of their time. Already to XIX century Maritime communications have formed multinational societies of many colonies and independent states, and have also become one of the determining factors in the development of the world economy. Later, in the fierce battles of the two world wars, the strongest navies of the world - British, German, French, American, Japanese, Russian and others - came together.

With the development of shipbuilding and navigation, which lasted for many centuries, warships gradually became an increasingly important type of weapon, and sometimes an indispensable condition for the successful conduct of war. military history there are many cases when talented naval commanders took powerful fortresses without a fight, exposing the impressive formation of their ships to the enemy. To paraphrase an 18th-century aphorism known to modern historians from the words Russian emperor Peter I, we add that in those days a state that did not have a navy was compared with a person deprived of one of his arms.
This phrase does not lose its relevance today, despite the fact that modern naval war conducted without any major battles- naval aviation and cruise missiles from ships are used primarily to strike at ground targets and destroy enemy aircraft. Like the land army, the navy is one of the main military forces of almost every major modern states. Modern naval forces have an extensive organizational structure and a huge firepower, and the latest ships are characterized by unprecedented manufacturability, long cruising range and autonomy, high speed and are capable of performing a wide range of combat missions even in a military conflict using weapons of mass destruction.