How to insulate the chimney on the roof. How to properly insulate a chimney pipe with your own hands and why do it? Methods for insulating chimneys and chimneys made of metal

The stove is folded, and the chimney proudly rises above the roof of the house. Do you think the work is done? Not at all - it's time to think about how to insulate the chimney pipe and protect the house from fire, and the roof from leaks. Well, if you thought about this issue even in the process of designing the furnace - in this case, the insulation of the chimney will be reliable and safe. It is more difficult to isolate an already built chimney, sometimes this work entails a change in the design of floors and roofs. However, the costs will be compensated by a sense of security and comfort.

It is necessary to isolate the chimney from two negative destructive factors: from overheating of the structures and from leakage at the joints. Therefore, in the article we will consider two types of chimney insulation:

Fireproof thermal insulation;
Waterproofing.

It is recommended to immediately carry out complex insulation, solving not only the main problems, but also improving the operating conditions of the furnace. For example, insulating a pipe running through an unheated attic reduces the risk of overheating wood roofing and reduces the risk of condensation, which can lead to excessive soot deposits, corrosion, or pipe failure. Waterproofing the pipe will help to avoid rotting of the truss system and ceilings, as well as the destruction of the pipe if it gets wet.

Ways of fire insulation of chimneys

The easiest and most reliable, but not always the cheapest way is to install a ceramic or metal sandwich chimney. In such chimneys, the inner pipe, which performs the function of removing smoke, is made of heat-resistant steel or ceramic and is thermally insulated with non-combustible heaters: mineral, stone or basalt wool. The outer layer of the sandwich chimney is made of steel or ready-made expanded clay concrete blocks.

Prefabricated ceramic chimney - a safe solution to the problem

Prefabricated chimneys are equipped with elements for fastening, revision, maintenance, as well as for connecting several heaters. Installation of such a chimney is not difficult, but requires compliance with the instructions, only then it will be completely safe.

Thermal insulation of the sandwich pipe

Video - sandwich diaphragm for pipe passage through floors

Another insulation method used in the construction of the furnace is a brick chimney. Due to the low thermal conductivity of the brick, its walls do not heat up to dangerously high temperatures, so no additional measures to insulate such a chimney are required, except for the correct implementation of the fire-prevention cutting of floors and roofs. To save money and facilitate construction, a brick chimney is sometimes finished with a metal or ceramic pipe. In this case, they are thermally insulated according to the technology described below.

Thermal insulation of metal and ceramic single pipes is possible using ducts made of non-combustible materials and mineral non-combustible thermal insulation - stone or basalt wool. It is possible to operate such chimneys without thermal insulation, but the implementation of fire cutting according to all the rules is mandatory in any case.

Methods for waterproofing chimneys

Chimney waterproofing is installed at the point of its exit to the roof. The larger the pipe and the farther from the ridge it is located, the more difficult operating conditions await it: when it rains, more abundant water flows, in winter - increased snow load. Rain and melt water with insufficient waterproofing penetrates inside the house, leading to leaks, rotting of wood and destruction of concrete and brick structures, including the chimney itself.

The method of waterproofing depends largely on the shape of the pipe and the type of roofing. For round pipes, metal or polymer grooves are used, for pipes rectangular section- metal aprons and junction strips. How to waterproof the pipe is described in detail in the article, and then we will talk about the technology of thermal insulation of the chimney.

Chimney pipe insulation

Before proceeding with the insulation of the chimney pipe, it is necessary to check compliance with the requirements of SNiP 2.04.05-91 and, if necessary, correct the shortcomings:

The height of the pipe to ensure good draft and allowable flue gas temperature at the outlet should be 5 meters or more;
If the roofing refers to combustible materials - slate, ondulin, roofing material - a spark arrestor - a fine-meshed metal mesh - must be placed on top of the pipe;
The distance between the chimney pipe and combustible structures - floors, walls, truss system - must be at least 250 mm;
A fire-prevention distance must be maintained between the upper ceiling of the furnace and the ceiling. For metal stoves, it is at least 1.5 meters, for brick stoves with a two-row overlap - 0.5 meters, with a three-row ceiling - 0.25 meters, provided that the ceiling above the stove is finished with non-combustible materials;
In places where a brick chimney passes through the ceiling, fluffing is performed - thickening the pipe. Fluff thickness - 1-1.5 bricks.

Plastering a brick pipe

The brick pipe does not heat up much from the outside, so it must be insulated as soon as possible in order to improve operating conditions and extend the service life. The most affordable way to insulate a brick chimney is to plaster with cement mortar or a mortar based on cement and lime. Instead of sand, you can add sifted slag chips to it.

The composition of the solution:

1 bag of cement (25 kg);
2 buckets of slaked lime;
10 buckets of sand or a mixture of sand with slag chips;
5 buckets of water.

To prepare the solution, 3.5-4 buckets of water are mixed with a bag of cement and 2 buckets of slaked lime - fluff. After thorough mixing, sand and slag chips are added in parts, as well as the remaining rate of water. The resulting composition should be used in cool weather for 5 hours, and in hot weather - for 1-2 hours, so you can cook it in parts.
With large irregularities in the pipe, the plaster layer turns out to be quite thick, therefore it is recommended to first close up all the cracks and differences with the indicated solution, and then cover the pipe with a reinforcing mesh.
Plastering is carried out in two layers. For the first layer, the solution is diluted somewhat stronger, to a creamy state, and applied by spraying: a certain amount of mortar is taken on a trowel or spatula and sprinkled on a brick surface cleaned of dust and slightly moistened. The first layer is not leveled.
For the second layer, a thicker solution is needed. It is applied with a trowel and rubbed to a smooth surface. It is necessary to plaster the entire pipe from the floor to the ceiling or roof.

Sheathing of brick pipes with asbestos-cement sheets

This method exceeds plastering in terms of heat saving by 2-2.5 times and consists in gluing asbestos-cement boards on cement-lime mortar on the outer walls of the pipe.

According to the above technology, a plastering solution is prepared.
The pipe is reinforced with mesh and the first layer of mortar is sprayed on. Dry it out.
Cut asbestos-cement sheets to the size of the pipe. A second layer of mortar is applied to asbestos cement sheets and glued to the surface of the chimney.

The disadvantages of this method include the low environmental friendliness of asbestos - it releases carcinogens, so it is impossible to use this method of isolation in living rooms. In a non-residential attic, thermal insulation of the chimney with asbestos will reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the chimney and significantly reduce the formation of condensate, as well as improve its fire protection.

In addition, a brick pipe can be sewn up with sheet iron using a layer of insulation. How to do this, you can learn from the video.

Video - sheathing the pipe with sheet iron

Insulation of metal single pipes

The most dangerous version of the chimney in terms of fire protection is a metal pipe that is not protected by a heat insulator. The distance from such pipes to wooden and plastic structures should not be less than 0.6 meters. But even observing this distance will not protect you from burns if accidentally touched, so it is better to insulate the pipe without waiting for problems.

Uninsulated metal pipe - common cause fires

The easiest way to insulate a single pipe is to wrap it with a layer of non-combustible insulation, such as basalt wool, and protect it from above with metal or plaster. The melting point of this material approaches 1000 degrees, which is much higher than the temperature of the smoke.

Basalt wool mats with a thickness of at least 5 cm are wrapped around the pipe with an overlap and fastened by wrapping it over with steel wire.
They wrap the heat-insulated pipe with a reinforcing mesh, fix it, and plaster it according to the technology described above in two layers with a cement-lime composition.
Plaster can be replaced with thin sheet iron by rolling it along the diameter of the insulated pipe and riveting it at the junction of the edges.

Insulation of passages through floors and roofs

The most critical sections of the chimney insulation are passages through the floors, so they are given special attention. It is necessary to isolate the passages when using any chimney: both a sandwich pipe, and brick, and metal in isolation.

Passes are carried out subject to the following conditions:

In the ceilings and roof, holes are made for the passage of the pipe in such a way that there is a distance of at least 25-35 cm from its edges to the walls of the pipe.
The edges of the hole are treated with asbestos-cement or metal sheets, a box is arranged for thermal insulation.
The space around the pipe is filled with stone or basalt wool without the formation of voids and gaps.
Wooden structures located in the immediate vicinity of the chimney passages are treated with flame retardant compounds.

Insulation of passages through floors with basalt wool

Having figured out how to insulate the chimney pipe, you can easily do this work, but remember that even an insulated chimney pipe requires proper operation: clean soot at least three times a year, remove ash from the furnace in a timely manner, do not burn in it not intended for the firebox materials and objects (garbage). All this is the key to a long and safe service of the chimney.

A variety of materials are used to build a chimney in a private house, but often the owners do not care about the insulation of the structure. With wood-burning stoves, this was not particularly necessary, but gases with completely different characteristics leave modern heating boilers.

Why is it necessary to insulate the chimney?

Through vertically located chimneys, harmful combustion products are removed to the outside. Channels under the influence of the atmosphere and the gases passing through them are destroyed over time. This is facilitated by the difference between the temperature inside and outside, which causes condensation to accumulate. To increase the service life, to achieve optimal functioning of the structure, they insulate the chimney pipes from any materials with their own hands.

For comparison: this is how non-insulated structures look like with thermal insulation in the skin

In channels not protected by insulation, the dew point shifts, that is, the place where moisture accumulates. The temperature of flue gases from a gas or pyrolysis boiler rarely exceeds 200 °, while for wood stoves it is in the range of 600 °. This means that the place where the dew point is formed is the lower, the less heated the exhaust gases are. To raise it, the pipe is insulated.

In a cold chimney, moisture settles on the walls, if a brick is used, it is absorbed into it. In winter, it expands and destruction begins. Soot is well attached to a wet surface, on which volatile products from fuel combustion are collected. Among them are very aggressive acids that can destroy even metal products.

The insulated design does not require constant cleaning of soot. It does not pile up inside, it burns out. The heating of the channel accelerates, a good stable thrust appears even after a long break. As a result, the efficiency of using heating installations increases.

The location of the chimney affects the method of insulation

Particularly in need of thermal insulation are pipes attached to the outer wall of the building. However, regardless of location, best option- insulation throughout, even if most of the gas outlet is located under the roof of the house.

How to insulate the chimney from the outside?

For thermal insulation mainly use:

sheathing with tiled materials;
erection of a wooden shield frame around the structure;
installation of an external pipe with a large diameter;
lime-slag plaster.

As fillers, a heat-insulating material with a fibrous structure is used: mineral or glass wool. Also, the space between the frame and the chimney can be filled with dry sand, expanded clay, crushed brick.

Insulation of a brick structure with mineral wool

Restrictions in the choice of thermal insulation relate to the material of the chimney. requirements are taken into account fire safety which must be fully complied with in order to prevent a fire from occurring.

Other factors are also taken into account:

outlet gas temperature. With its increase, a smaller layer of thermal insulation is required, but the requirements for fire protection and heat resistance of the material increase.
Location. Structures outside the house warm up worse, so better insulation will be needed.
Material. The type of thermal insulation is used depending on the possibility of mounting on the structure.

Industrial sandwich pipe device

For some heaters, additional protection from external moisture and vapor barrier are not needed. These include metal cases. It is better to cover a wooden shield with weather-resistant enamel, and cinder-block slabs with a thin layer of plaster. Basalt wool and other similar heaters need mandatory protection from external influences.

It is not difficult to calculate the required amount of thermal insulation material. For a rectangular structure, all parameters are determined, the total area is found out. For a round structure, measure the circumference with a tape measure, multiply by the height. With a known area, it remains to take into account the required thickness of the insulation.

Two ways to insulate a brick chimney

Mostly options with plastering or mineral wool are used. With any method chosen, they begin with channel cleaning. If this is not done, after warming the channels warm up faster, the soot remaining inside begins to burn out quickly. There are negative consequences: increased temperature, increased smoke.

Prepare the outer surface: badly damaged bricks are removed and replaced with new ones. Further, under the insulation with mineral wool, plastering is carried out, except when used facing brick. This achieves the same distance from the insulation to the wall, the chimney will warm up evenly. Lime-sand or cement mortar is used.

A profile is fixed along the perimeter on the suspensions. The operation is similar to that which is carried out before sheathing the walls with drywall. You will need a screwdriver and self-tapping screws with plastic dowels, as well as a concrete drill of the appropriate diameter. The maximum distance between profiles should not exceed 60 cm.

Basalt wool with a thickness of at least 5 cm is laid in the space between them, which is pre-cut into pieces of the desired size. It is important to achieve dense styling so that voids do not form, which will become cold bridges. Fastening to the surface is carried out with foil construction tape, pieces of wire or fungal dowels.

An important point, which cannot be ignored, is the laying of a waterproofing membrane outside. Otherwise, mineral wool, which absorbs water well and gives it poorly, will become wet and significantly lose its thermal insulation characteristics.

Brick pipe insulated and sheathed with tin

The final stage is the exterior finish. Profiled iron is popular, which is mounted on a previously installed metal profile. This design looks beautiful, protects from the wind. A gap of 25 mm is left between the profiled sheet and the insulation, through which moisture is removed, which gets inside.

Other materials may be used for exterior decoration. The fixed basalt insulation is covered with decorative bricks, cinder blocks or asbestos-cement slabs. In the latter case, the minimum wall thickness is 40 mm.

Plaster will insulate a brick pipe

Insulation of a brick chimney pipe with plaster is easier. The surface is pre-cleaned, a layer of deep penetration primer is applied. A reinforced mesh is fixed on the walls with dowels, a solution of cement, lime with slag fillers or other heat-resistant materials is poured. After the first layer has dried, possible cracks are closed, a second one is applied, already thinner. The brick structure on plaster is painted to match the roof of the building.

How to properly insulate a steel chimney

When performing work, take into account that the metal heats up to 300 °. Absolutely non-flammable materials are used: different kinds mineral wool and fibrous insulation, slag concrete slabs. A special heat-resistant plaster mixture is also used. To perform the "sandwich" option, use a larger iron pipe, preferably stainless steel.

Metal structures are often installed in conjunction with heating devices that are used periodically: a heater in a bathhouse, decorative stoves and fireplaces. An available option in this case is the application of special plaster. The method is simple and easy to perform even by people without experience:

a fiberglass reinforced mesh is fixed on the surface;
the mixture bought in the store, according to the instructions, is added to the water and beat with a mixer until a dense homogeneous mass is obtained;
a rough layer is applied several times with a spatula with breaks for drying;
form a clean surface.

Creating a sandwich chimney

popular and most effective method insulate a metal structure that is constantly used - a steel pipe case. A product of a larger diameter serves as a protection, a smaller one - a chimney. Between them place mineral wool, broken brick, expanded clay. The design is completely fireproof, the winding is protected by galvanized iron or stainless steel.

A sandwich chimney is formed in several steps:

in the roof and its overlap, the hole is expanded so that the diameter exceeds the dimensions of the channel by 250 mm;
the main metal pipe is insulated with basalt wool with a layer of 5 cm;
the heat insulator is fixed with a wire, which is wrapped in a circle;
put on a steel casing, if the iron is thin, install an adhesive tape, fix it with clamps.

A steam room requires a special approach to the insulation of the gas outlet. The most successful option is a steel chimney of an iron pipe in a case, and it is forbidden to use galvanizing for the casing. Increased temperature and humidity lead to the release of harmful substances. A rational option is stainless steel.

Asbestos-cement chimney - proper thermal insulation

The structure is insulated with a frame method. Before performing the main work, the pipe is thoroughly cleaned. Further actions:

For the manufacture of a protective casing, galvanized sheets are used. The blanks are marked with the expectation that there will be a distance of 6 cm or more between the inner and outer walls. In height - the standard width of galvanization is 1 meter.
Install protection starting from the bottom. Each segment is densely filled with mineral wool. Sections are connected with bolts.
The upper part is covered with cement mortar so that the insulation does not get wet. The layer is formed with a slight outward slope so that water does not stagnate.

Insulation without sheathing is used as a temporary measure

It can often be observed that the insulation of an asbestos-cement chimney is made by a simple winding of mineral wool, which is fixed with ties. A similar option is allowed in the attic, and in relation to any material. Outside, such a design will not last long: it gets wet, suffers from the wind.

Before insulating, especially an asbestos-cement or steel chimney, make sure that the structure is installed correctly. The exhaust pipe must comply with fire safety rules and other technological standards.

It is recommended to use heaters that breathe and do not accumulate moisture. In other cases, ventilation gaps of at least 25 mm must be left. Use materials that are available for self-laying. Follow the manufacturer's instructions.

Among mineral heaters, basalt wool is the most effective. It is somewhat more expensive than the usual mineral one, but with a small consumption, this does not play a significant role. But in reality there are significant advantages:

ignition is possible at very high temperatures;
has a high density;
significant vapor permeability.

Basalt wool is good for thermal insulation both outside and in the attic

Even the highest quality thermal insulation does not extend the life of the structure, when it is not previously brought to the proper state: cleaning is required, replacement of destroyed elements.

Work on the external insulation of the chimney is carried out immediately after its construction. A few years later, destructive processes begin that thermal insulation will no longer stop. It will need repair or a complete replacement of the structure.

In almost every house where there is a stove or gas heating, the owner is thinking about how to insulate a metal or brick-built chimney pipe. Although it is wiser to lay down the insulation project even at the beginning of the construction of a house or cottage, nevertheless, even after roofing work, it is possible to insulate the chimney pipes. In the previous article, we considered in detail how and in what ways such work can be carried out. And now we will try to choose a heater for chimney pipes of various designs, which would meet all the standards that apply for this kind of insulation.

What damages the chimney

It is important to understand the reasons why to insulate the chimney, because then you can direct your efforts specifically to combat the causes of destruction. Knowledge is power.

There are 2 factors that have a direct impact on the integrity of the chimney.

Dew point. If the chimney is not insulated, the dew point (or dew point) will move inwards.. Warm air that rises from the heating source reaches this point and settles on the walls in the form of moisture droplets. If the chimney is made of brick, this moisture is absorbed and destroys the refractory brick from the inside when it freezes and turns into ice.
Aggressive environment of exhaust gases. When burning, chemicals are released that can cause destruction of the chimney system. This is especially true for weak solutions of acids formed in the chimney - nitric or sulfuric. Such an environment can destroy even a stainless steel pipe with prolonged exposure. Again, this mainly happens when the dew point is shifted deeper into the chimney and the moisture does not completely evaporate from the chimney.

It seems that these 2 reasons convincingly show why insulate the chimney. It is worth considering the fact that an insulated chimney works 50 - 60% better than usual. Therefore, when creating a heating system project, be sure to take into account the cost of insulating the gas outlet pipe in the estimate.

The choice of insulation

It is immediately important to divide the insulation into 2 groups:

Independent - which does not need additional protection and vapor and waterproofing. These include cylinders for insulation (shells).
In need of protection - protection from exposure is required external environment. These include basalt wool for the chimney, XPS and the like.

Before making a choice, it is important to consider several factors:

What is the temperature of the outlet gases. The higher, the less the pipe needs to be insulated, but the material must also be heat-resistant and fire-retardant. Accordingly, a thinner layer of thermal insulation can be used.
The chimney is inside or outside. If the entire pipe goes along the outer wall of the house, it needs especially high-quality insulation. It takes longer to warm up, which means more moisture condenses during this time.
What is the chimney made of. If the pipe is metal, it can be insulated with heat-insulating cylinders. Brick - basalt wool or even XPS.

So, these were the general rules to help you choose how to insulate the chimney. Now let's move on to a direct consideration of each of the main materials for insulation.

Advice. Before carrying out work, make sure that all sections of the chimney are securely connected, especially if it is made of metal. Thermal insulation material is not able to prevent the fire of wooden roofing elements

Heat insulating cylinder

Let's start with this material, which closes the question of how to insulate a metal chimney. It consists of 2 pipes, one of which is of a smaller diameter, plays the role of a chimney directly. It is usually better to take it from high-quality stainless steel with special additives that make it resistant to aggressive acids that form in the chimney. The outer pipe is larger in diameter, at least 6 cm. It plays the role of a protective casing. Basalt insulation is laid in the distance between these pipes. It turns out such a "sandwich", which has a small weight and size.

You can make such “sandwiches” yourself, or you can purchase ready-made shells for insulating chimneys.

When making such a heat insulator with your own hands, several requirements should be taken into account before insulating a metal or asbestos chimney pipe:

The thickness of the insulation layer for a stainless steel pipe should not exceed 10 cm.
If the temperature of the outlet gases is high in the pipeline, loose basalt wool should be used. This is a non-combustible material. It has no binders in the composition, and the ignition temperature rises to 900 degrees.

ATTENTION It is strictly forbidden to use asbestos pipes for high-temperature heaters. Soot accumulates well in such a pipe, due to the rough inner walls. At high temperatures, soot can ignite and create excess pressure in the pipe. In rare cases, an explosion can occur inside the pipe.

If we talk about the insulation of an asbestos pipe, then it is practically no different from a metal one. It needs more thermal insulation due to the fact that it absorbs moisture better than metal.

Some make the following mistake. Most often, when you need to create a temporary chimney. Chimney insulation is purchased, for example, basalt wool in rolls or mats. The chimney pipe is wrapped with an overlap and the insulation is fixed with a metal tape or even ordinary tape. You can't do that!

Any mineral wool must be protected from water and wind. If you leave it open, after a while part of it will be blown out by the wind, and part will crumble under the influence of precipitation. If you want to insulate in this way, be sure to provide a protective cover. For example, make it with your own hands from ordinary galvanized iron. In this case, mineral wool, as a heater for a chimney, will last a long time.

Mineral wool

By mineral wool, we mean basalt (stone), because it has a higher fire resistance. Therefore, it is recommended to use it for warming chimneys with a high temperature of the outlet gases.

It can be used both when warming the chimney inside the attic, and outside. If we talk about the attic, then the chimney can simply be overlaid with cotton wool mats and secured with metal strips or a tourniquet. Because there is no intensive air movement and excessive moisture in the attic, basalt wool does not need protection from the outside. If we are talking about the insulation of the chimney outside the building, then the approach here is completely different.

When insulating with mineral wool, you should opt for high-density stone wool. Usually the area of \u200b\u200binsulation is small, so you won’t be able to save a lot on the purchase. It is better to take high-quality thermal insulation for chimneys from a well-known manufacturer, such as Rokwool, Ursa, or others presented in your area.

The denser the material, the easier it is to mount it on the chimney. For fastening, we recommend using mortar instead of foam. The foam will not withstand the temperature and will collapse, because. it is not flame retardant material. Additionally, it is required to fix the mineral wool boards with dowel-fungi.

Extruded polystyrene foam is actively used for external insulation of brick chimneys with your own hands. The material has a high density and does not allow moisture to pass through. Most often, EPPS of the Technoplex and Penoplex brands are used, as the most common in Russia.

When choosing as a heater for EPPS pipes, special attention should be paid to the flammability index of the material. Usually it is G3-G4 which means a high degree of flammability. Some manufacturers bring this figure up to G2. In view of this, EPPS cannot be used to insulate brick chimneys of wood or coal stoves. Otherwise, it will simply melt, because the temperature of the exhaust gases of a wood-burning stove without roughness, with a direct smoke channel, reaches 600 degrees. With such a furnace, only basalt wool should be used.

When mounting the EPS, it is imperative to leave a ventilation gap between the pipe and the foam. To do this, the installation is carried out on the adhesive mixture, and not on the foam. You can read more about how to insulate an XPS chimney in our previous article on this topic.

Plaster

The use of plaster is relevant when insulating the chimney of a wood or coal stove, i.e. where the temperature of the gases at the exit is high.

You can use a special mixture for thermal insulation, sold in bags, or make a regular mortar from cement, sand and some clay.

The plastering layer should not exceed 3 cm, otherwise there is a risk of destruction. It is also necessary to lay a metal mesh inside the layer for reinforcement.

The process is quite laborious and more often it is replaced by the insulation of the chimney with mineral wool or XPS, followed by lining with a profiled sheet.

Summing up

So, when choosing a heater for a chimney, you should pay attention to several factors that will help determine the material.

Chimney type - brick or metal (asbestos pipe).
Exhaust gas temperature.
Indoor or outdoor chimney.

Do not rush with the choice of material and the method of its installation. Watch the video, we are sure it will help to consolidate the knowledge of how to insulate the chimney obtained after reading this material.

Source: uteplix.com

How to insulate chimneys and what to use

Insulation of a chimney during the construction of a stove or fireplace in a house, cottage or bathhouse is important not only in terms of economy, but also for fire safety purposes, as well as to protect against leaks and damage to floors. In this material, we will tell you how to insulate a metal chimney pipe, and what materials can be used.

First of all, we note that it is necessary to make a decision on the method and materials for chimney insulation in the process of drawing up a drawing of a future heating system. Otherwise, you may have to change the design of an existing roof, which is not always acceptable.

Prerequisites for the destruction of the chimney

If proper insulation is not performed during the construction of the chimney, such a structure will begin to collapse rather quickly.

The following factors have the greatest influence on the destructive processes inside the chimney:

Humidity. Although the chimney is a fairly warm place, inside it the level of humidity is constantly elevated, because air masses ascending it contain water. And as the pipe cools, a certain amount of moisture settles on its walls in the form of condensate (for more details: “Why does condensate appear in the chimney pipe and how to get rid of it”).
Impact of fuel combustion products. Any fuel that burns in a furnace will eventually break down into various chemical components, and quite toxic ones at that. In particular, nitric, carbonic and sulfuric acids, when the chimney is running, are brought out together with warm air. However, in those moments when the chimney does not perform its functions, decay products begin to accumulate on the walls of the pipe, destroying both brick and metal.

Thermal insulation of chimneys minimizes the harmful effects of moisture and combustion products on the walls of the chimney and extends its service life.

In addition, do not forget that without proper insulation of the chimney, the entire building of the house may gradually begin to collapse. This is due to the fact that the condensate that has settled on the walls of the chimney, saturated with caustic chemical components, gradually corrodes any building material. A greatest danger he represents spring, when pipes that have not been used for a long time begin to thaw.

Advantages of chimney insulation

So, you can get rid of many problems that could arise during the operation of the furnace by using chimney insulation. Of course, it is quite difficult to do absolutely reliable insulation of the chimney pipe with your own hands, however, some protection can still be provided.

With the help of thermal insulation for chimney pipes, you can achieve the following results:

Minimizing the settling of aggressive components on the walls of the chimney in the form of condensate and their almost complete removal to the outside with streams of hot air and smoke.
Reducing the temperature difference between the hot air leaving the furnace and the cooled walls of the chimney.
Increasing the energy efficiency of the furnace. Much less heat loss occurs through an insulated chimney, and besides, it is much easier to maintain the desired temperature in the furnace (read also: “How to insulate a chimney, what kind of insulation to use”). The fuel consumption in this case is much lower than in the absence of pipe insulation.
Ensuring additional stability of the chimney. The insulating casing makes the chimney better able to withstand gusts of wind and bad weather.

If the insulation for the chimney pipe is chosen correctly, then the whole system freezes much less in winter. In addition, the sections of the roof through which the chimney passes are not adversely affected by high temperatures, so the need for roof repairs is extremely rare.

Another important indicator concerns the appearance of the pipe. Protected by a layer of insulation, it collapses much more slowly from the outside.

What materials are better to use for chimney insulation

When choosing a heater for chimneys, it should be borne in mind that when the system is heated, its surface temperature can reach 200-300 ℃. Therefore, the material for the thermal insulation of the chimney must be absolutely non-combustible and resistant to high temperatures.

Such materials include slag concrete slabs, mineral or glass wool, and other insulation materials with a fibrous structure. As an option, ordinary plaster mortar can serve as thermal insulation for chimney pipes. If the chimney is made of sandwich pipes, then stainless steel sleeves can serve as insulation.

It is important to remember that the final mass of the chimney, together with the insulation layer, must be such that the roof can withstand such a load. Otherwise, a very heavy pipe will eventually fall inside the house. It is optimal in this case to use lightweight insulation, such as mineral wool, for example.

You can purchase ready-made insulation for the chimney pipe in the form of a cylindrical box. It is equipped with a special foil layer and completely protects the chimney from external influences. Since manufacturers produce such products in a variety of diameters, you can pick it up for completely different sizes of chimneys.

The subtleties of self-insulation of the chimney

Before insulating an iron chimney, you need to make sure that it is assembled and installed in strict accordance with the technical requirements and safety rules.

A properly functioning heating system must meet the following standards:

The height of the chimney must be at least 5 meters in order to ensure optimal draft in the furnace.
The gap between the chimney and flammable roofing materials (rafters, floor beams) must be at least 25 cm.
The presence of a spark arrester on an insulated chimney installed on a roof covered with combustible roofing materials such as slate, ondulin, soft tiles and the like. A spark arrester is a special stainless steel grate that is placed on the chimney outlet. To protect against debris, a metal umbrella is put on top of the pipe.

For fire safety purposes, when organizing a smoke exhaust system, it should be ensured that there is some distance between the upper ceiling of the furnace and the ceiling. For example, for metal furnaces, a gap of 1.5 meters is provided.

After a test run of the heating system and provided that everything is functioning correctly, you can start winding the insulation around the chimney pipe. You also need to check whether the insulation really consists of non-combustible materials. In addition, if you already know how to insulate the chimney from the outside, it would be useful to read the installation instructions for the material.

The approach to its insulation will depend on exactly where it is located and how the chimney is used.

Insulating a metal chimney in a stove or fireplace

If we are talking about a decorative fireplace or stove, which are used only from time to time and are not the main source of heat in the house, then you can use a plaster mortar to isolate the metal chimney for them (read also: “Which pipe for the fireplace to choose - advantages and disadvantages different types chimneys"). As a rule, this method of thermal insulation is practiced for brick chimneys, however, it can also be optimized for metal pipes.

For the solution, water and a special plaster mixture are used. To properly mix the ingredients, you must first pour water into the container, and then pour the powder. As a result of mixing with a construction mixer, a plastic homogeneous mass will be obtained.

This composition is applied in small lumps with a spatula, after which it is evenly distributed over the entire surface of the pipe. A reinforcing fiberglass mesh is fixed on top of the mortar, which will prevent cracking of the plaster applied in a thick layer.

Please note that the part of the chimney that is located inside the attic can be insulated in a slightly different way. To do this, you will need wide slabs of mineral wool, which will need to be wrapped around the chimney. Use masking tape to secure them. However, we note once again that this alternative method is applicable only in closed areas, since mineral wool will quickly lose its heat-insulating qualities under the influence of moisture.

Chimney insulation from a metal pipe in a gas boiler

When organizing chimneys for gas heating boilers in Lately quite often, sandwich pipes are used. This is not only convenient, but also quite effective, because condensate does not accumulate inside the chimney, and heat loss is significantly reduced.

According to its structure, the “sandwich” pipe consists of two metal pipes of different diameters, between which a layer of mineral wool is laid. The outer contour of a thicker pipe plays the role of a protective box, and the inner, thinner pipe is, in fact, a chimney circuit. See also: "How and with what to isolate the chimney pipe - the best time-tested solutions."

Such a design is safe, since the winding is protected by a layer of galvanized or stainless steel and does not pose a threat to humans.

The device of the chimney from the "sandwich" pipe is performed as follows:

Holes are cut in the roof overlap and the roof, the diameter of which is 25 cm greater than the cross section of the chimney pipe.
Next, basalt wool is wound on a metal chimney pipe, the thickness of which is at least 5 cm, and the sheets are overlapped.
The insulation layer is fixed with a steel wire wrapped around the pipe in several turns.
A protective box made of a pipe with a large cross section is put on top. If the casing is made of sheet iron, then its edges are fastened with tie-down straps or adhesive tape.

After a control check of the tightness of the insulation and the reliability of fastening the elements of the chimney, it can be mounted on the stove pipe by passing it through the holes in the roof and ceiling. When the pipe is installed, a layer of expanded clay, clay or asbestos is poured over the steel sheet located around the riser.

Thus, there are quite a lot of ways to thermally insulate chimney pipes. There are many different materials on the market. It is strongly not recommended to buy the cheapest materials, as they often turn out to be of poor quality. Each owner can carry out many types of work with his own hands. The main thing is that the result is a design that meets technological standards. Otherwise, your time and money have been wasted.

Source: www.trubaspec.com

The better to insulate a metal chimney pipe: the main ways to insulate chimneys

When arranging a fireplace or stove in a private house or in a country house, the question often arises of how and with what to insulate a metal chimney pipe with your own hands. Properly executed chimney insulation is important from the point of view of fire safety and protection of the roof from leaks. It is advisable to consider the scheme according to which the chimney will be insulated, even at the design stage of the building. It is not always possible to insulate a finished chimney system without changing the roof structure.

It is necessary to insulate the chimney, for this there are many ways and materials

Causes of damage to the chimney

Poor-quality insulation or its complete absence leads to premature destruction of the chimney. There are several reasons that particularly affect the integrity and functionality of the chimney:

Dampness. In the chimney system, there is increased and, most importantly, constant humidity. This is not surprising, even though the chimney is in fact warm place. Moisture, carried along with warm air vapor, partially settles on the walls of the chimney, forming condensate.
Influence of aggressive chemical substances. At the time of fuel combustion, a huge amount of active substances is released. Among them are caustic acids dangerous to human life: sulfuric, carbonic, nitric. When the chimney is functioning, almost all the decay products go out with the air flow. During the inactivity of the chimney system, these substances accumulate on the walls of the pipe, destroying both metal and brick equally quickly.

By insulating the chimney pipe, it is possible to stop or prevent irreversible chemical processes occurring under the influence of moisture and fuel decomposition products.

Untimely measures taken to protect the chimney can cause the destruction of the structure of the house itself. Condensate saturated with acids can slowly but intensively corrode building materials. Condensate becomes especially dangerous during thawing of pipes after a cold period of the year.

The smoke coming out of the chimney contains harmful substances that cause the destruction of the chimney

Benefits of chimney insulation

Chimney insulation is an effective tool against many destructive factors. Of course, do-it-yourself chimney insulation will not be able to fully protect the system from harmful effects. precipitation or wind. But it makes it possible to really extend the operational life of the pipe. This happens due to the following circumstances:

Elimination of the possibility of condensate saturated with aggressive acids falling onto the pipe walls. In this case, the combustion products of the fuel simply evaporate along with the smoke stream.
Reducing temperature differences between hot steam and the cooled surface of the smoke channel.
Creating an energy saving effect. Properly insulated chimney pipes suffer less energy loss than uninsulated pipes. This contributes to the economy of fuel used to maintain a high temperature in the furnace.
Increasing the strength of the chimney structure. Thanks to the insulation, which acts as a reinforcing frame, the chimney becomes more resistant to wind gusts.

Properly selected insulation can improve the frost-resistant qualities of the system. Partially eliminated Negative influence high temperatures on the roof sections located around the chimney. This allows you to delay the repair of the roof itself for a long time. The insulated system has high aesthetic qualities, since the insulation contributes to the long-term preservation of the original appearance of the pipe.

An insulated chimney will last longer than a pipe without insulation.

What is the best way to insulate a metal chimney pipe?

If the pipe is insulated with your own hands, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the heating temperature of the system can be very high - up to 200-300 degrees. As a heater for chimney pipes, only material that is completely devoid of combustibility is suitable. These are various fibrous insulation, glass wool, mineral wool, cinder-block slabs. It is possible to isolate the chimney with the use of plaster mortar. Stainless steel sleeves are also used for thermal insulation of sandwich chimneys.

Helpful advice! The severity of the insulation structure must be commensurate with the bearing capacity of the roof. Too heavy insulating materials eventually push through the roof. Lightweight materials, such as mineral wool, are best suited for laying insulation with your own hands.

Ready-made cylindrical heaters are on sale. They provide complete protection of the chimney and are equipped with a special foil screen. Heat-insulating tubular structures come in different diameters, so they can be used to insulate chimneys of various sizes.

Do-it-yourself metal pipe insulation features

Before you start insulating a steel chimney or any other metal pipe with your own hands, you need to check the correct installation of the structure. The chimney must comply with all technological standards.

The easiest way is to insulate a metal chimney with a ready-made “shell”, matched to the diameter of the pipe

The following requirements apply:

optimal traction in the system is achieved only if there is a pipe with a height of 5 meters or more;
the distance between the pipe and the roof parts subject to combustion (ceilings, truss system) is at least 250 mm;
if the roof structure includes combustible materials, namely slate, roofing material or ondulin, the insulated pipe is equipped with a special spark arrester. It is a stainless steel mesh plate that surrounds the top of the chimney. To prevent debris from entering the spark arrester, the mesh is covered with a metal “cap”.

Helpful advice! In the chimney system, it is mandatory to have a fire distance between the ceiling of the room and the upper stove ceiling. In the case of metal furnaces, at least 1.5 meters of stock is taken.

Work on winding a metal chimney can be started after checking the system for any faults. It is also worth making sure that only non-combustible materials were purchased for insulation. You should additionally read the manufacturer's instructions on the packaging of the insulation.

Methods for insulating a metal chimney

Chimneys different types and structures require different methods of insulation. There are types of insulation depending on the purpose of the chimney.

How to wrap stove or fireplace metal chimney pipes?

Steel chimneys can be used for decorative stoves and fireplaces that do not function as a permanent source of heating. It is enough to isolate such a chimney with a layer of plaster mortar. This method is mainly used to insulate chimneys from brickwork, but a variation calculated for metal pipes is also possible.

The mixture is prepared from a special mixture and water. It would be technologically correct to first pour water into the mixing container, and then add the dry mixture there. After beating with a construction mixer, a homogeneous dense mass should be obtained.

To insulate a fireplace pipe or a decorative stove, you can use special plaster

The solution is applied to the surface to be insulated with spots using a spatula. Lumps of mortar must be distributed evenly over the entire area of the pipe. These sections are needed to fix the reinforcing frame of the fiberglass mesh on them. Without a frame, a thick layer of plaster may soon crack and become unusable.

First, a rough layer of plaster is applied to the reinforcing frame, adjacent to the duct. After applying the main thickness of the plaster, a final finishing layer can be formed.

Helpful advice! The surface of the inner section of the chimney located in the attic room can be insulated with your own hands using an alternative method. It consists in winding the chimney with mineral wool panels. Flat panels are fixed on the surface of the pipe with masking tape. But this method of insulation is not acceptable for open areas of the chimney, since mineral wool loses its heat-resistant qualities with high humidity.

How to isolate the metal pipes of the chimney of a gas boiler?

Insulation of functional chimneys with your own hands can be done using a "sandwich" type design. This method is the most popular and effective in terms of protecting the structure from condensation and saving energy. The design of the sandwich chimney consists of two metal pipes and a layer of mineral wool between them. Moreover, a pipe with a large diameter in this case is protective sleeve, the smaller pipe will be the chimney.

A chimney pipe insulated in this way is not fire hazardous, since the winding layer is protected by stainless steel or galvanized iron.

Mineral wool can be used to insulate both the inside and outside of the chimney

The formation of the sandwich chimney structure occurs in several stages:

holes are made in the roofing and the roof itself, the diameter of which will be 25 cm larger than the chimney pipe;
a metal chimney should be insulated with a layer of basalt wool (a more practical variety of mineral wool) at least 5 cm thick. The winding is overlapped;
the insulation is fixed with steel wire, which must be wrapped several times around the pipe;
a casing is put on from a larger pipe. If the casing was made from a sheet of thin iron, it is fixed with adhesive tape and tie-down straps.

After making sure that the insulation was carried out correctly and there were no unfixed joints, you can put insulated pipes on the furnace nozzle through a hole in the roof. After graduation installation work to connect the chimney to the heating source, it is necessary to fill the sheet of metal surrounding the riser with non-combustible material. For this, expanded clay, asbestos or clay is used.

Today, there are many options for how to insulate a chimney pipe. These works can be carried out independently, choosing a heater for chimney pipes is also quite simple. The main thing is that the design of the chimney system meets all the necessary requirements. Otherwise, thermal insulation can become an absolutely senseless waste of money.

Source: trubamaster.ru

The best ways to insulate a chimney pipe with your own hands

Why is it necessary to insulate the chimney?

For comparison: this is how non-insulated structures look like with thermal insulation in the skin

The location of the chimney affects the method of insulation

Particularly in need of thermal insulation are pipes attached to the outer wall of the building. Nevertheless, regardless of placement, the best option is insulation along the entire length, even if most of the gas outlet is located under the roof of the house.

How to insulate the chimney from the outside?

For thermal insulation mainly use:

sheathing with tiled materials;
erection of a wooden shield frame around the structure;
installation of an external pipe with a large diameter;
lime-slag plaster.

Insulation of a brick structure with mineral wool

Restrictions in the choice of thermal insulation relate to the material of the chimney. Fire safety requirements are taken into account, the fulfillment of which is necessary in full so that a fire does not occur.

Other factors are also taken into account:

outlet gas temperature. With its increase, a smaller layer of thermal insulation is required, but the requirements for fire protection and heat resistance of the material increase.
Location. Structures outside the house warm up worse, so better insulation will be needed.
Material. The type of thermal insulation is used depending on the possibility of mounting on the structure.

Industrial sandwich pipe device

Two ways to insulate a brick chimney

Prepare the outer surface: badly damaged bricks are removed and replaced with new ones. Further, under the insulation with mineral wool, plastering is carried out, except for the case when a facing brick was used. This achieves the same distance from the insulation to the wall, the chimney will warm up evenly. Lime-sand or cement mortar is used.

Brick pipe insulated and sheathed with tin

Plaster will insulate a brick pipe

How to properly insulate a steel chimney

When performing work, take into account that the metal heats up to 300 °. Absolutely non-combustible materials are used: various types of mineral wool and fibrous insulation, cinder-block slabs. A special heat-resistant plaster mixture is also used. To perform the "sandwich" option, use a larger iron pipe, preferably stainless steel.

a fiberglass reinforced mesh is fixed on the surface;
the mixture bought in the store, according to the instructions, is added to the water and beat with a mixer until a dense homogeneous mass is obtained;
a rough layer is applied several times with a spatula with breaks for drying;
form a clean surface.

Creating a sandwich chimney

A popular and most effective way to insulate a metal structure that is constantly in use is a steel pipe case. A product of a larger diameter serves as a protection, a smaller one - a chimney. Between them place mineral wool, broken brick, expanded clay. The design is completely fireproof, the winding is protected by galvanized iron or stainless steel.

A sandwich chimney is formed in several steps:

in the roof and its overlap, the hole is expanded so that the diameter exceeds the dimensions of the channel by 250 mm;
the main metal pipe is insulated with basalt wool with a layer of 5 cm;
the heat insulator is fixed with a wire, which is wrapped in a circle;
put on a steel casing, if the iron is thin, install an adhesive tape, fix it with clamps.

Asbestos-cement chimney - proper thermal insulation

The structure is insulated with a frame method. Before performing the main work, the pipe is thoroughly cleaned. Further actions:

For the manufacture of a protective casing, galvanized sheets are used. The blanks are marked with the expectation that there will be a distance of 6 cm or more between the inner and outer walls. In height - the standard width of galvanization is 1 meter.
Install protection starting from the bottom. Each segment is densely filled with mineral wool. Sections are connected with bolts.
The upper part is covered with cement mortar so that the insulation does not get wet. The layer is formed with a slight outward slope so that water does not stagnate.

Insulation without sheathing is used as a temporary measure

ignition is possible at very high temperatures;
has a high density;
significant vapor permeability.

Basalt wool is good for thermal insulation both outside and in the attic

Even the highest quality thermal insulation does not extend the life of the structure, when it is not previously brought to the proper state: cleaning is required, replacement of destroyed elements.

The operation of the bath must be absolutely safe for humans. To prevent fire from contact with a hot stove or chimney pipe, walls and ceilings, as well as hot surfaces, should be carefully insulated. We will describe in detail how to insulate the chimney pipe in the sauna in this article.

According to sad statistics, during 2014, up to 70% of fires in private baths arose due to incorrect thermal insulation of metal pipes. Therefore, in order to help our readers to protect themselves and their guests, we will talk about the materials, as well as the technology for performing pipe insulation in the bath.

A variety of insulating materials for baths

The favorite material for baths in Russia is wood. However, it tends to be very flammable. To avoid this, people have long learned how to insulate the chimney in the bath, as well as the stove and all surfaces - walls, ceilings. For this purpose, any available funds- clay, asbestos or any other non-combustible materials with a low degree of thermal conductivity.

Another argument in favor of thermal insulation of the chimney is that in this case the pipe will cool much more slowly, and condensate will not accumulate in it.

It is a mistake to assume that a good solution regarding how to insulate a pipe in a bath is to mount sheet iron on the ceiling. The metal is able to heat up very quickly, which in no way prevents ignition, so it is not suitable for thermal insulation.

As an option, than to overlay the pipe in the bath, you can use red refractory bricks. However, for such a design, it is required to foresee the size of the room in advance, strengthen the foundation and choose a design.

Among the modern materials that decide the question of how to wrap a metal chimney pipe in a bath, the following are offered on the market:

Let's consider each of them in more detail.

Folgoizol

It is a two-layer material consisting of a heat-insulating component and foil. Thanks to the reflective layer, the room does not cool down so quickly, because up to 90% of the heat is retained inside the bath, so this is a very high-quality insulator.

Folgoizol is highly environmentally friendly, because food thick foil is used as a raw material. Such material is not afraid of ultraviolet and strong temperature fluctuations - the operating range is from -65 ºС to +175 ºС. Therefore, it will be a completely worthy choice for wrapping a pipe in a bath.

Note that foil isol is often mounted not only around the chimney, but also on the walls and on the ceiling of the steam room. It serves for high-quality steam and waterproofing, and also warms the bath room well.

A sauna upholstered from the inside with foil insulation can be compared with a thermos according to the principle of operation. It heats up quickly and cools down very slowly.

One of the options for wrapping a pipe in a bath is thermal insulation. For the production of thermal insulation, foamed polyethylene is used, hidden between two layers of foil, and the top layer of foil in the material is designed to protect the chimney from overheating.

Thermal insulation has appeared on the building materials market relatively recently. The thickness of such material ranges from 2-10 mm.

It is easy to manipulate with thermal insulation - you just need to wrap it around the chimney and secure it with metallic tape.

Sandwich pipe as a chimney

Recently, various manufacturers have begun to produce new safe sandwich pipes for baths and saunas. With such a design, there is no longer any need to worry about how to secure the pipe in the bath (more: “The advantages of the pipe for a sandwich bath in the construction of a chimney”). The design of such pipes provides for quick and convenient assembly of sections inserted into each other. Moreover, it is optimal to use such pipes with an iron furnace.

The sandwich pipe is a multilayer structure, inside of which there is a stainless steel frame, then a mineral or basalt wool insulation is laid, and a galvanized casing is put on top. Thanks to this structure, soot does not accumulate inside the chimney, the outer layer of metal does not experience overheating, and the whole structure looks beautiful and concise.

However, we note that it is advisable to install sandwich pipes in dry saunas. But for traditional Russian baths with high humidity, you should choose slightly different options for thermal insulation.

The method of isolating the chimney in a Russian bath

If a heater is installed in the bath, then refractory bricks are used to build the chimney. It is able to stay warm for a long time.

When building a brick chimney, it is not worth saving, but it is advisable to approach this issue very responsibly, because its durability depends on the quality of the work performed.

In this case, the best way to isolate the pipe in the bath from the ceiling, roof and other roof elements is to mount sheet metal on these surfaces.

In places where the chimney comes into contact with the roof and ceiling, the surfaces should be protected with asbestos sheets. On the walls near the pipe, you need to fix sheets of galvanized steel. Iron in this case is not advisable to use, since it is subject to corrosion.

Alternatively, a protective screen can be installed around the chimney, into which expanded clay is poured. It will serve as an additional protection against ignition of all wooden surfaces of the bath, and will also become a heat accumulator.

However, by insulating pipes alone, complete safety in the bath cannot be achieved. Similar actions must be performed with the oven, walls and ceiling.

Sauna stove insulation

Currently, baths often use simple metal stoves, which are sheathed with sheet metal on the sides and in the back, and are installed directly on the foundation. In order to keep the heat in the bath at long time and to give it presentability, the stove can be overlaid with red refractory bricks.

Currently, asbestos sheets are no longer used to insulate the stove, since when heated, it releases toxic substances.

It is advisable to use natural felt to insulate the oven. Although this material is quite expensive, it is an excellent insulator. In addition, when a spark hits, the felt does not flare up, but begins to smolder, so you will immediately notice the problem by the characteristic pungent odor.

When installing the stove on a wooden floor, you should first lay the felt in two layers, and then lay the brick in three rows. Sheet metal is mounted on the walls and floor around the furnace in pieces 50-70 cm high.

We hope that this article was able to answer the most common questions that beginner builders have. Recall that high-quality thermal insulation of the chimney, stove, as well as all surfaces of the bath will allow not only to keep warm longer, but also to protect yourself and your loved ones.

How to insulate a pipe in a bath: how to wrap and secure a metal chimney pipe, insulation from the ceiling, how to do it in a sauna, how to wrap or overlay, photo and video

Sauna chimney insulation: what material to insulate a metal chimney pipe

In any private house there is a stove or a fireplace, as well as its own bathhouse. The chimney almost always goes to the roof of the structure. Its durability, as well as fire safety, directly depends on the correct and reliable insulation of the chimney. For this reason, the question arises, how to insulate a chimney and what material to use to insulate a metal pipe? How to do it right with your own hands?

Sauna chimney insulation

The issue of chimney pipe insulation often arises among owners of private houses. Such work must be carried out in order to protect the structure from fire and destructive factors:

Experts recommend carry out such work in a complex, applying hydro- and fire-prevention thermal insulation. When choosing material for insulation, first of all, you need to think about the safety of the family. A live fire in an enclosed space always carries a danger to people's lives. If you do not perform high-quality and reliable protection of the ceiling, it can easily ignite.

Traditionally, wood is used to build a bath. It is easily flammable. Most people naively think that metal sheeting on the ceiling can serve as fire protection and therefore chimney insulation is not performed. Metal sheets heat up and do not save from overheating and ignition. Sometimes the chimney is insulated with red brick, but this material is not the most suitable design for a wood bath.

A large selection of modern materials allows you to choose the most suitable and securely insulate the chimney. Some of the most sought after and popular include:

foil insulator - such material will create the effect of a thermos, since heat always remains in the room, it heats up quickly and cools slowly;

thermal insulation - this material is wrapped around the surface of the chimney pipe and fixed with a special metallized adhesive tape or wire;
sandwich pipes are another find for bath insulation, they are highly safe, so they do not need additional insulation. They have several designed sections, they are put one into one. The finished design is great for a bath with a metal stove.

Also for the bath red brick used. It withstands high temperatures well and retains heat for a long time. When using red brick, the laying must be done correctly. The duration of the operation of the structure will depend on its quality. It is inappropriate to save here, since the cost of repairs will cost several times more.

What to use for winding a metal chimney?

In the old days, to isolate the chimney in the bath, people used clay and asbestos, as well as other improvised natural materials. The main thing in any material for insulation is poor thermal conductivity, so that ignition does not occur from high temperatures. The chimney and stove heat up very quickly and it is therefore important to properly insulate the chimney pipe for fire safety purposes.

Inside the structure with insulation at the time of heating condensation will not accumulate, which is very important. It will cool slowly, not break down so quickly, and its service life will be longer.

Teploizol

The article mentioned the material Teploizol and now we will dwell on its description in more detail. It's comparatively the new kind insulating material. It is made from polyethylene foam. It is hidden between two layers of foil. It perfectly withstands elevated temperatures and is suitable for insulating chimneys. Manufacturers produce Teploizol thickness from 2 to 10 mm. The thicker the thermal insulation, the higher temperatures it can withstand:

2-5 mm - withstands temperatures from -30°C to +100°C;
5-10 mm - permissible operating temperature from -60°C to +150°C.

The upper foil layer protects the pipe from strong heating. The material is easy to work with. It is easy to work with it on your own. The pipe is wrapped with Teploizol using wire or metallized tape.

Folgoizol

Folgoizol is also an excellent choice for chimney insulation. It consists of a foil in two layers and a heat insulator. Due to the reflective properties of the foil, the material can keep up to 90% of the heat in the bath. In the list of similar materials, he takes first place. For its manufacture, thick food foil is used. In addition to excellent insulating properties, it also has other effective properties, for example, it is not afraid of UV, high temperatures. Folgoizol withstands temperatures from -65 ° C to + 175 ° C.

Folgoizol is harmless to health, since food foil is used for its production. Often it is used not only for insulating chimneys, it is also used to cover the walls and ceiling of the bath. It is considered an ideal insulation, hydro and vapor barrier for saunas and baths.

Sandwich pipes

Sandwich pipes can serve as a good solution for insulating a metal chimney. Manufacturers claim that such insulation will be reliable and safe. Installing this design , you can not think about isolation. It will consist of several sections, which are easily and quickly assembled into a single whole. With your own hands, you can quickly assemble the entire structure and install it. It is suitable for a metal pipe in a bath or sauna with an iron stove.

By their design, sandwich pipes resemble a pie with several layers. Inside there is a layer of stainless steel, and after it a layer of mineral wool or basalt insulation. Outside, the pipe is covered with a layer of galvanized steel. This design is a modern method of built-in chimney insulation in finished form. It will perform two important functions at once:

Such designs great for saunas, but for baths with a brick stove, you need to look for another option.

Insulation for a traditional Russian bath

The wooden structure of the roof may ignite when in contact with a hot pipe. To avoid a fire in the bath, it is isolated. Most often, mineral wool, fixed with wire, is used for this purpose. From above, the pipe is plastered with a clay-sand mortar and covered with a layer of galvanized steel roofing. Fix it with self-tapping screws and then carry out the installation. Insulation helps the roof and hardwood floor to protection against overheating and fire. With proper insulation of the pipe and its sealing, moisture will not enter the attic.

It is recommended to insulate the pipe outlet in the area of \u200b\u200bthe ceiling and roof with asbestos sheets. They have good protection against high temperatures. The walls near the inside of the pipe are upholstered with galvanized metal sheets. Ordinary iron ones are not suitable for such work, as they are susceptible to corrosion. It is desirable to make a box around the pipe in the place where it passes through the ceiling. Expanded clay is poured inside the box, which will serve as a good fire protection for the wooden floor. Expanded clay will also contain heat. Experts recommend, in addition to chimney insulation, not to forget about the ceiling, walls and stove in the bath.

It is recommended before starting work on insulating a metal chimney pipe, its outer part treat with heat-resistant sealant. Special sealant withstands temperatures up to +1000°C. The applied agent will not allow insulating materials to slide on the outer surface of the metal pipe.

Sauna chimney insulation: what material to insulate a metal chimney pipe

In any private house there is a stove or a fireplace, as well as its own bathhouse. The chimney almost always goes to the roof of the structure. Its durability as well as fire

Chimney insulation in a bath - how to wrap and insulate a metal pipe

One of the most important stages in the construction of a bath is the installation of a chimney. And the insulation of the chimney of the bath is a mandatory process during its construction, which has two goals: fire safety and corrosion protection.

If you do not make thermal insulation, then under the influence of temperature changes, condensate will form, gradually flowing inward and contributing to the destruction of the structure itself.

Insulated smoke ducts warm up faster, making the sauna stove work much more efficiently.

Depending on what the chimney of the bath is made of, various materials are used for its thermal insulation.

There are several varieties of already insulated chimneys for a sauna stove, the most common of which are stainless steel sandwich pipes.

There are also ceramic sections that are already installed in expanded clay concrete modules.

And now about everything in more detail.

Why insulate a chimney

During the operation of the sauna stove, its chimney becomes hot, and its inevitable proximity to combustible materials can lead to a fire.

If the chimney is made of brick, it heats up less, and if the chimney is made of metal, then much more.

Metal pipes heat up over 600 ° C, and their proximity to the wooden sheathing of the steam room is very dangerous, especially if the bath is directly adjacent to residential buildings.

The second, no less important problem is the appearance of condensate in the chimney. Condensation is the main enemy of all smoke exhaust systems.

This is not easy moisture that forms on the walls of the chimney, but an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, which can destroy almost any material. It appears as a result of the passage of heated air through a still cold chimney.

As a result of the impact of condensate on an uninsulated brick chimney, the masonry is destroyed, since it has the ability to penetrate into the microcracks of the brick, and when it freezes, it expands. Smoke exhaust paths made of metal also suffer greatly from condensate.

Metal of ordinary grades is not resistant to acids, therefore, from exposure to condensate, it very quickly becomes unusable.

The only way to combat the appearance of condensate is to isolate the smoke paths, in which the pipe will cool less, and the sauna stove will quickly enter the operating mode of combustion.

Materials for insulation

Insulation of chimneys can be done by various methods, using non-combustible materials.

The most common are:

Thermal insulation of the chimney with basalt and glass wool. Heaters used for both large surfaces of brick chimneys and pipes of relatively small diameter. Available as a filler, in rolls or in the form of mats. For its use, the manufacture of an additional casing is recommended.
The method of backfilling the space around the chimney with heat-insulating material: expanded clay, slag, broken bricks, special heat-insulating granules. This method involves the manufacture of an additional chimney casing.
Plastering. This is the most common, until recently, method of insulating brick chimneys. For this, a slag-lime mortar was used, applied with a layer of 5-7 cm on a reinforcing mesh. After drying, a sand-cement mortar of the same thickness was applied to it. But when heating and cooling the smoke exhaust system, such a heater cracked and required annual repairs, so this method is considered unjustified in terms of labor costs and efficiency.
Chimney insulation with modern polyethylene foam materials. "Teploizol" or "Folgoizol" is available in rolls, has a low weight and good elasticity, it is well cut, which makes it accessible even to non-professionals to work with it. This is the simplest and most inexpensive way to insulate chimneys, which is widely used today.

The choice of insulation for the chimney

The choice of insulation, for insulating the chimney with your own hands, must be approached carefully and seriously.

You should not buy the cheapest one, because it should have good thermal insulation properties, be easy to use, do not require additional reinforcement of the supporting structures of the roof and floors, be non-toxic and non-combustible.

Stone or basalt wool is a wonderful thermal insulation made from basalt rocks.

This insulation withstands prolonged exposure to sufficiently high temperatures and does not burn, even when in contact with an open fire. In addition, it does not emit any toxic or unpleasant odors when heated. Such a heater can be safely called an environmentally friendly material.

Glass wool is a type of mineral wool insulation made on the basis of glass industry waste. Between its fibers is contained a large number of voids, so it retains heat well.

Glass wool does not burn and does not absorb moisture, and, moreover, is not subject to decay and rodents. It is not expensive and easy to use. Most often produced in slabs and rolls.

Teploizol or foilizol are multifunctional types of insulation made of polyethylene foam and covered with a sheet of aluminum foil. It is produced in rolls and has a thickness of 2 to 10 mm. They can perfectly isolate the chimney of the bath, as these heaters can withstand heating up to 150C ° -170C °.

We make insulation with our own hands

Chimney insulation using mineral, basalt or glass wool can be done in two ways: insulation under the casing or insulation of the chimney without a casing.

In order to isolate the chimney with mineral wool mats, you need to cut out several pieces of the slab from them, which will correspond to the sides of the pipe from the outside.

Then, with the help of wire firmware, fix them on the chimney.

Important! There should be no voids between the thermal insulation layer, otherwise the insulation will lose its effectiveness.

To insulate a metal pipe, you need to wrap it with basalt wool and secure it with wire around the entire perimeter. After that, put a second pipe of a larger diameter on the chimney to make a kind of sandwich.

This method of thermal insulation of chimneys is the most effective and simple, but it allows to reduce heat loss by more than two times, as well as significantly reduce the fire hazard and the formation of condensate in smoke exhaust systems and protect them from destruction.

Thus, thermal insulation contributes to an increase in thermal efficiency and safe use of furnaces. At the same time, it gives the building and the structure itself a more aesthetic appearance.

Chimney insulation

How to isolate a metal pipe in a bath. Chimney insulation materials, fire safety and do-it-yourself insulation installation.

How to insulate a metal chimney pipe?

Having your own country house, you need to take care of warming up the rooms in the cold season. A stove or other heating system needs a chimney to be installed. The smoke exhaust pipe is the main element of the heat supply communications. For its effective functioning, it is necessary to insulate the chimney from the outside.

The relevance of thermal insulation

Moisture and smoke generated during the combustion of fuel are aggressive factors affecting the brick chimney. drop temperature regime in the cold season, and accumulated moisture, settling on the walls, fills microcracks with water, and the stone structure collapses from the inside. Small ice crystals press from the inside and destroy it. An insulated chimney allows this to be excluded.

During combustion, condensate is formed on the surface of the flue, which includes a chemical series of oxides. Interacting, the elements form weak acids (carbonic, sulfuric, etc.) that can destroy the metal surface. It is for this reason that chimney insulation is necessary.

Proper installation of thermal insulation helps prevent fires inside the premises and will not allow the roof to ignite. Well-heated chimney pipes improve draft in the fireplace, boiler and stove, there is less tar and burning deposits in it. The efficiency of the heating unit is significantly increased.

Positive factors of an insulated chimney

Before answering the question - how to insulate the pipe, it is necessary to highlight the advantages of an insulated chimney.

An insulated gas outlet provides protection for the heating system from the effects of the external environment and combustion products. Of course, thermal insulation cannot completely protect the structure from destruction, but it will extend its service life. This happens due to the following factors:

Pipe insulation allows maintaining thermal balance in the middle of the structure, excluding the possibility of aggressive acids and condensate falling onto the walls. The products of combustion are completely volatilized together with the smoke stream.
Chimney insulation minimizes the possibility of a temperature difference between the cooled flue and hot steam.
Increased energy-saving properties that contribute to fuel economy.
The strength of the steam outlet structure increases due to the reinforcing frame.

Properly selected chimney insulation increases the frost-resistant properties of the system, ensures long-term preservation of the appearance and increases the service life, which is very important.

The choice of material for thermal insulation

The main question of the owners of country houses with an autonomous heating system- how to insulate the chimney. In order to reliably insulate the outlets for the furnace or boiler, materials with a high degree of thermal insulation are used to ensure the thermal balance of the chimney on the roof.

Basalt insulation

Relevant for the insulation of the chimney mineral wool or basalt. Insulation is obtained from a melt of volcanic rock - gabbo-basalt. It is converted into fibers, due to which the insulating material has the advantages of:

retains up to 95% of heat;
characterized by good permeability of the outgoing steam;
different chemical and corrosion resistance;
prevents the growth of fungus and mold on the surface of the chimney on the roof;
vibration and heat resistant;
made of ecological materials;
not subject to destruction under the influence of ultraviolet radiation.

Stainless steel casing

Metal "armor" in the form of a pipe made of stainless steel is used as an option for insulation. It is able to provide full protection against mechanical damage, moisture and other aggressive factors.

The casing for the chimney is mounted on a pipe on the roof. The annular space is filled with basalt wool, covered with insulation from the outside, 5 cm thick. An asbestos chimney can be wrapped with this insulation.

Wooden shields

Wooden shields are considered one of the simplest options for insulating a chimney pipe. Thermal insulation is made in the form of a wooden frame from plates of the appropriate size. On top of it, slate or other flooring is fixed, from which the roof of the dwelling is made.

After the pipe is completely covered with wood, the empty cavity is filled with felt, slag, sand, mineral wool. Frame seams are necessarily covered with a waterproofing compound.

Slag-reinforced concrete insulation slabs

Insulation of the chimney in a private house using iron and cinder concrete slabs provides the smallest distance between the joints on the structure. The space inside and the corners are reinforced with mesh or wire, gypsum, clay and sand are poured in the form of a solution. Plaster is applied over the tiled insulation.

The specifics of insulation work

When insulating the chimney with your own hands, we take into account that during the operation of the heating boiler, the temperature in the smoke exhaust duct can reach 200 -300 degrees.

As insulation, it is better to choose a material with high heat-resistant properties: glass wool, mineral wool, basalt.

In the building materials market, thermal insulation is sold in the form of finished cylinders with a special foil screen. With their help, they make out the gas duct and adjacent roof elements - protecting them from fire and cold air. Tubular structures are sold in different diameters, which allows you to wrap different-sized smoke outlets.

Regulatory requirements for the installation of thermal insulation

Before insulating the chimney pipe, you must make sure that it is installed correctly.

The flue is carried out in accordance with the technological standards specified in GOST 52953-2008

The combustion products outlet pipe must be 5 m high. This indicator ensures optimal draft in the heating system.
A distance of at least 250 mm is required between the roof slab and the outer element of the boiler room.
If the building is covered with combustible materials, in particular, slate, roofing material, ondulin, then the insulated smoke exhaust structure must be equipped with a spark arrester.

After making sure that the system is installed correctly, you can proceed to subsequent work on winding with thermal insulation.

The main methods of insulation

The metal chimney pipe is insulated using various methods.

Steel chimney insulation technique

The chimney is insulated using a special solution. The composition is prepared from a dry mixture and water. The solution is applied with a spatula to the surface, spreading over the entire area. Then a fiberglass reinforcing frame is fixed on it, on which plaster is applied.

Gas boiler chimney insulation

Insulation for pipes of a gas boiler must have a number of increased heat-insulating and heat-resistant qualities.

Sandwich structures block condensate from settling on the surface, saving energy at the same time.

Sandwich chimney consists of a layer of mineral wool and two metal pipes. The upper element, with a large diameter, is the main sleeve, the smaller one is part of the steam outlet channel.

How to isolate such a chimney pipe with your own hands? You must follow the recommendations:

In the roof of the roof and ceilings, holes are made with a diameter of 25 cm larger than the chimney channel.
At this stage, it is necessary to insulate the chimney pipe with a layer of basalt wool. The thickness of the winding must be at least 5 cm.
The insulation around the pipe is fixed with steel wire.
A larger casing is put on top.

Upon completion of the work, the chimney is connected to a heating source and the surrounding riser is filled with expanded clay, clay or asbestos.

Sauna chimneys

Insulation of the chimney in the bath is aimed at improving the heat transfer of the heating source, which is a stone stove.

You can isolate the chimney in the steam room using the following options:

thermal insulation - a material made of foamed polyethylene, hidden between sheets of foil. Insulation rolls with a thickness of 2 - 10 mm are offered on the market. The foil surface reduces overheating of the pipe. The insulation is wrapped around the chimney, fixed with wire or metallized tape;
Filgoizol consists of two balls: a foil that saves more than 90% of the heat in the room and a heat insulator. The material is used to cover the walls and ceilings of the sauna, providing the effect of a thermos;
sandwich pipe, consisting of several sections. This option is suitable for saunas and baths with an iron stove.

To insulate a metal pipe means to ensure the optimal functioning of the heating system. Correct installation do-it-yourself chimney insulation allows you to increase the operational life of the structure and the heat generator, and also prevents fire.

Chimney pipe insulation: possible ways

Chimney pipe insulation: the relevance of thermal insulation, the positive factors of an insulated chimney, the choice of material, the main methods of insulation

Master of Architecture, graduated from the Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 11 years of experience in design and construction.

When designing a heating system in a private house, there may be such a need as chimney insulation. It is necessary to prevent condensation, which leads to damage to pipes and a disruption in the operation of the building.

Where to insulate

Insulation is required in those places where the warm surface of the pipe is in contact with the outside air. This happens in the space of the cold attic and after the output to the roof. When doing do-it-yourself work in your own home, you need to take care not only of chimneys, but also of ventilation ducts, which also need to be insulated.

Condensate always falls on the warm air side. In the case of a chimney, this will occur inside the pipe, which will lead not only to damage to it, but also to moisture rolling down to the heater, worsening traction. To prevent this, it is necessary to prevent cooling of the pipeline.

Chimney pipe insulation

Material selection

In order to do the insulation with your own hands in compliance with fire safety regulations, it is necessary to correctly select the heat-insulating material.

Since chimney pipes are communications through which heated air passes, combustible and fusible materials for insulation are strictly prohibited.

The only material that meets these requirements is mineral wool. To insulate pipes, you can use a heat insulator, produced in the form of rolled mats, or special forms for pipes (not suitable for brick chimneys). Do-it-yourself insulation of the chimney with mineral wool should be carried out in compliance with safety regulations. Each worker must have the following personal protective equipment:

Effective heat insulating material

mask or respirator;
glasses;
gloves;
closed clothes.

This is necessary so that particles of the material do not get on the skin, eyes and lungs. Mineral wool fibers can cause serious irritation and itching of mucous membranes and skin.

The thickness of the insulation is selected based on the temperature of the resulting gases and outside air, as well as the location of the pipe:

for outdoor - within 70-100 mm;
for those located inside the building - within 30–50 mm.

Mineral wool can be used in the following types: basalt, glass wool, slag wool. Before use, read the manufacturer's instructions for the heat insulator. In addition to this effective material, bricks are sometimes used as an inexpensive alternative.

Insulation of a brick chimney

There are two ways to perform work to protect the pipe from freezing and condensation:

mesh plastering;
mineral wool insulation.

To protect the pipes with your own hands in the first way, you will need to follow the steps in the following order:

Fixing the reinforcing mesh to the wall surface. Before this, the structure is cleaned of dust and dirt.
Preparation of plaster mortar. To do this, mix lime, cement and slag with the addition of water. It is possible to use modern "warm" plaster, which has good thermal insulation characteristics.
Applying the solution to the surface. The thickness of one layer is 20–30 mm. If necessary, the composition is applied in several layers. Each subsequent one is laid after the previous one has dried. The very last layer of plaster is leveled and rubbed.
After the plaster has dried, the surface is checked for cracks and irregularities. If necessary, they are removed. The work is completed by painting the pipe with lime or chalk paint to protect the plaster layer from negative environmental influences.

Applying a plaster layer

This method is ineffective.

Mineral wool will more reliably protect the pipe from the cold. If you want to do everything yourself, stick to the following scheme:

The surface is cleaned from dirt and deposits. Check for irregularities and correct them if necessary.
Collecting the frame on which the insulation will be mounted. The crate consists of metal guide profiles, which are fixed with dowels. The step between the guides is selected so that it is convenient to lay the insulation.
Do not allow the appearance of gaps and cracks. They will lead to heat losses and the occurrence of cold bridges.
Fixing the vapor barrier with an overlap of 15–20 cm. The joints are glued with construction tape.
Pipe lining performs a decorative and protective function. When doing do-it-yourself work in a cold attic, you can use drywall sheets.

Thermal insulation with mineral wool

Insulation of pipes made of stainless steel and asbestos

Elements protected by this technology consist of an internal pipeline enclosed in a casing made of insulation and an additional protective pipe. The outer casing is made of galvanized steel.

For insulation, you can use mineral wool in rolls or special products for pipes.

When carrying out work, it is important to comply with the following requirements:

when insulating a stainless steel chimney located outside, the thickness of the thermal insulation should be no more than 100 mm;
for areas located inside the building, the maximum thickness of thermal insulation is 40 mm.

Temporary thermal insulation

Work on the insulation of chimney pipes made of asbestos concrete can be done in the simplest way, which does not require serious labor costs. This option is suitable as temporary measures to protect the chimney from cold and condensation, because. it is short lived. The work is done as follows:

prepare mineral wool in rolls;
wrap the tube with this material (if necessary, in several layers - depends on the required thickness of the thermal insulation);
tighten and fix the material with staples.

The method is only suitable for use in a cold attic. The material without a protective layer will not be able to work outdoors, because it is not resistant to moisture and negative impacts environment.

To perform full insulation, you will need to carry out the following set of measures:

Thermal insulation of steel pipe

Manufactured from galvanized steel. When selecting the width of the sheet for manufacturing, the required diameter of the inner pipe is taken into account (so that a heater of the required thickness fits between the two layers of galvanizing). For long pipes, it is recommended to make the outer pipe from constituent parts with a maximum length of 150 cm.
The surface of the pipe and the place for work are cleaned of dirt, dust, debris.
Fix the bottom of the galvanized casing. Fill the space between the pipes with insulation. Install the next steel element and repeat the process. It is important to ensure a tight fit of the casing elements to each other.
Having reached the top of the chimney, the structure is installed with a slight slope. All existing gaps are eliminated with the use of cement mortar.

Proper insulation of the pipeline for the removal of combustion products will allow you not to worry about the lack of traction and violation of the operation mode of the structure.